| aberrant | markedly different from an accepted norm, deviant, deviate |
| abjure | formally reject or give up (as a belief), forswear, recant, resile, retract |
| aesthetic | concerned with the appreciation of beauty, aesthetical, esthetic, esthetical |
| ambiguous | open to more than one interpretation, equivocal |
| ameliorate | make something bad better, amend, better, improve, meliorate |
| apathy | an absence of emotion or enthusiasm, indifference, numbness, spiritlessness |
| nebulous | vague, cloudy, lacking clearly defined form |
| precipitate | hasty or rash, hasty, overhasty, precipitant, precipitous |
| abate | (v) reduce, diminish |
| aberration | a deviation from what is normal or expected, aberrance, aberrancy, deviance |
| abscond | Depart suddenly and secretively |
| abstain | choose not to consume or take part in (particularly something enjoyable), desist, refrain |
| abstruse | difficult to understand; incomprehensible, deep, recondite |
| accolade | an award or praise granted as a special honor, award, honor, honour, laurels |
| accretion | Gradual increase; an added part or addition |
| acumen | Keen, quick, accurate insight or judgment |
| admonish | to warn strongly, even to the point of reprimanding, caution, monish |
| adroit | adept, dexterous |
| adulation | n. excessive praise; intense adoration |
| adulterate | Make impure by adding inappropriate or inferior ingredients |
| advocate | speak, plead, or argue in favor of, preach |
| aggrandize | (v) make greater; exaggerate |
| alacrity | an eager willingness to do something, briskness, smartness |
| alloy | a combination; a mixture of two or more metals |
| amalgamate | Blend, merge, or unite |
| anachronism | something that is inappropriate for the given time period (usually something old)., misdating, mistiming |
| analogous | similar in some respects but otherwise different, correspondent |
| anodyne | something that soothes or relieves pain, analgesic, pain pill, painkiller, inoffensive, analgesic, analgetic |
| anomaly | something that is not normal, standard, or expected |
| antipathy | an intense feeling of dislike or aversion, aversion, distaste |
| apocryphal | being of questionable authenticity |
| apostate | a person who has abandoned a religious faith or cause, deserter, ratter, recreant, renegade, turncoat |
| apotheosis | exaltation to divine status; the highest point of development, ideal, nonesuch, nonpareil, nonsuch, paragon, saint,deification, exaltation |
| approbation | Praise or approval, especially formal approval |
| appropriate | to give or take something by force, allow, earmark, reserve, set aside,capture, conquer, seize |
| archaic | so old as to appear to belong to a different period, antediluvian, antiquated |
| arduous | demanding considerable mental effort and skill; testing powers of endurance, straining, strenuous |
| artless | without cunning or deceit, uncultivated, uncultured |
| ascetic | practicing self-denial, ascetical, austere, spartan |
| asperity | harshness of manner, sharpness |
| assuage | make something intense less severe |
| attenuate | to weaken (in terms of intensity); to taper off/become thinner, rarefy |
| audacious | willing to be bold in social situations or to take risks, brave, dauntless, fearless, hardy, intrepid, unfearing |
| austere | practicing self-denial, ascetic, ascetical, spartan |
| avarice | greed (one of the seven deadly sins), avaritia, covetousness, greed, rapacity,avariciousness, covetousness, cupidity |
| banal | repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse, commonplace, hackneyed, old-hat, shopworn, stock, threadbare, timeworn, tired, trite, well-worn |
| belie | to give a false representation to; misrepresent, contradict, negate |
| bolster | support and strengthen |
| bombastic | (Of speech or writing) far too showy or dramatic than is appropriate; pretentious |
| bucolic | relating to the pleasant aspects of the country, pastoral, rustic |
| burgeon | grow and flourish |
| burnish | Polish, make smooth and lustrous |
| calumny | making of a false statement meant to injure a person's reputation, calumniation, defamation, hatchet job, obloquy, aspersion, slander, denigration, traducement |
| canard | a deliberately misleading fabrication |
| capricious | determined by chance or impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason, impulsive, whimsical |
| cardinal | of primary importance; fundamental, central, fundamental, key, primal |
| catalyst | something that speeds up an event, accelerator |
| caustic | (adj) capable of corroding metal or burning the skin; very critical or sarcastic |
| coalesce | fuse or cause to grow together, blend, combine, commingle, conflate, flux, fuse, immix, meld, merge, mix |
| cogent | clear and persuasive, telling, weighty |
| commensurate | to be in proportion or corresponding in degree or amount |
| complacent | contented to a fault with oneself or one's actions, self-complacent, self-satisfied |
| confound | be confusing or perplexing to, bedevil, befuddle, confuse, discombobulate, fox, fuddle, throw |
| connoisseur | (n) expert, especially in the fine arts; person of educated, refined tastes |
| contrite | to be remorseful, remorseful, rueful, ruthful |
| convoluted | highly complex or intricate, byzantine, involved, knotty, tangled, tortuous |
| craven | pathetically cowardly, recreant |
| decorum | propriety in manners and conduct, decorousness |
| deleterious | harmful to living things, hurtful, injurious |
| demur | to object or show reluctance |
| denigrate | charge falsely or with malicious intent; attack the good name and reputation of someone, asperse, besmirch, calumniate, defame, slander, smear, smirch, sully |
| deride | treat or speak of with contempt |
| desiccate | (v) thoroughly dried up, dehydrated |
| desultory | Lacking consistency or order, disconnected, sporadic; going off topic |
| diaphanous | Very sheer, fine, translucent |
| diatribe | a strong verbal attack against a person or institution, fulmination |
| diffident | showing modest reserve; lacking self-confidence, shy, timid, unsure |
| dilatory | wasting time, laggard, pokey, poky |
| dilettante | an amateur who engages in an activity without serious intentions and who pretends to have knowledge, dabbler, sciolist,dilettanteish, dilettantish, sciolistic |
| dirge | A funeral or mourning song or poem |
| disabuse | to persuade somebody that his/her belief is not valid |
| disparate | two things are fundamentally different |
| dissemble | conceal one's true motives, usually through deceit, affect, feign, pretend, sham |
| dissonance | (n) harsh, inharmonious sound; cacophony; disagreement |
| doctrinaire | Person who applies doctrine in an impractical or rigid and close-minded way (noun); merely theoretical, impractical, or fanatical about other people accepting one's ideas (adj) |
| dupe | to trick or swindle, befool, cod, fool, gull, put on, put one across, put one over, slang, take in |
| ebullient | joyously unrestrained, exuberant, high-spirited |
| eclectic | comprised of a variety of styles |
| Efficacy | (n) the quality of being able to produce the intended effect |
| effrontery | audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to, assumption, presumption, presumptuousness |
| elegy | Song or poem of sorrow, esp. for a deceased person |
| embellish | make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.; make more beautiful, adorn, beautify, decorate, grace, ornament, fancify, prettify |
| emulate | strive to equal or match, especially by imitating; compete with successfully |
| encomium | Warm, glowing praise, esp. a formal expression of praise |
| endemic | native; originating where it is found, autochthonal, autochthonic, autochthonous, indigenous |
| enervate | to sap energy from, faze, unnerve, unsettle |
| engender | give rise to, beget, bring forth, father, generate, get, mother, sire |
| ephemeral | lasting a very short time, fugacious, passing, short-lived, transient, transitory |
| equivocate | to speak vaguely, usually with the intention to mislead or deceive, beat around the bush, palter, prevaricate, tergiversate |
| erudite | having or showing profound knowledge, learned |
| esoteric | confined to and understandable by only an enlightened inner circle |
| estimable | deserving of esteem and respect, good, honorable, respectable |
| Eulogy | (n) speech of praise or written work of praise, esp. a speech given at a funeral |
| exacerbate | make worse, aggravate, exasperate, worsen |
| Exculpate | (v) clear from guilt or blame |
| fallow | Left unplanted (of land); not in use |
| fatuous | Foolish, silly, esp. in a smug or complacent manner |
| fetid | Stinking; having an offensive smell |
| flag | droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness; become less intense, droop, sag, swag |
| florid | Reddish or rosy; flowery, showy, or excessively fancy |
| foment | try to stir up public opinion, agitate, stir up |
| forestall | Delay, hinder, prevent by taking action beforehand |
| fractious | irritable and is likely to cause disruption, cranky, irritable, nettlesome, peckish, peevish, pettish, petulant, scratchy, techy, testy, tetchy |
| gambol | Frolic; skip or leap playfully |
| garrulous | full of trivial conversation, chatty, gabby, loquacious, talkative, talky |
| glib | (of a person) speaking with ease but without sincerity, pat, slick |
| gregarious | to be likely to socialize with others |
| harbinger | n. anything that foreshadows a future event, an omen, a sign |
| hermetic | Airtight, sealed, isolated; reclusive; pertaining to alchemy, occult |
| impecunious | lacking money; poor, hard up, in straitened circumstances, penniless, penurious, pinched |
| imperturbable | Calm, not able to be upset or agitated |
| impervious | not admitting of passage or capable of being affected, imperviable |
| implacable | incapable of making less angry or hostile |
| inchoate | only partly in existence; imperfectly formed, incipient |
| indolent | Lazy, slothful |
| innocuous | harmless and doesn't produce any ill effects, innocent |
| insipid | dull and uninteresting, bland, flat, flavorless, flavourless, savorless, savourless, vapid |
| inundate | to flood or overwhelm, deluge, submerge, flood, swamp |
| invective | abusive or denunciatory language, vitriol, vituperation |
| invidious | likely to cause resentment |
| irascible | quickly aroused to anger, choleric, hot-tempered, hotheaded, quick-tempered, short-tempered |
| itinerant | traveling from place to place to work, gipsy, gypsy |
| laconic | one who says very few words, crisp, curt, terse |
| lethargic | lacking energy, unenrgetic |
| limpid | clarity in terms of expression, crystal clear, crystalline, lucid, pellucid, transparent,perspicuous |
| lucid | (of language) transparently clear; easily understandable, crystal clear, limpid, luculent, pellucid, perspicuous |
| malleable | capable of being shaped or bent or drawn out, ductile, pliable, pliant, tensile, tractile |
| mendicant | a pauper who lives by begging, beggar |
| meticulous | marked by extreme care in treatment of details |
| mitigate | make less severe or harsh, extenuate, palliate |
| mollify | to make someone angry less angry; placate, season, temper |
| noxious | harmful, injurious |
| obdurate | stubbornly persistent in changing an opinion or action, cussed, obstinate, unrepentant |
| obfuscate | v. to deliberate obscure, to make confusing |
| obsequious | attentive in an ingratiating or servile manner; attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery, bootlicking, fawning, sycophantic, toadyish |
| officious | intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner, busy, busybodied, interfering, meddlesome, meddling |
| ostensible | apparent; seeming |
| panegyric | a formal expression of praise, encomium, eulogy, paean, pean |
| Paradigm | (n) model or pattern; worldview, set of shared assumptions, values, etc. |
| paragon | model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal, apotheosis, ideal, nonesuch, nonpareil, nonsuch, saint |
| parsimonious | extremely frugal; miserly, penurious |
| perfidy | an act of deliberate betrayal; a breach of a trust, betrayal, treachery, treason,perfidiousness, treachery |
| perfunctory | done routinely and with little interest or care, casual, cursory, passing |
| pervade | to be present throughout; to permeate |
| phlegmatic | showing little emotion, phlegmatical |
| Pious | (adj) devout; religiously reverent and dutiful |
| placate | cause to be more favorably inclined; gain the good will of, appease, assuage, conciliate, gentle, gruntle, lenify, mollify, pacify |
| plaintive | melancholy; mournful |
| pragmatic | guided by practical experience and observation rather than theory, hard-nosed, hardheaded, practical |
| prevaricate | to speak in an evasive way, beat around the bush, equivocate, palter, tergiversate |
| pristine | Unspoiled, untouched (usu. of nature) |
| probity | integrity, strong moral principles |
| prodigal | rashly or wastefully extravagant, extravagant, profligate, spendthrift |
| propitiate | to placate or appease |
| raconteur | a person skilled in telling anecdotes, anecdotist |
| repudiate | reject as untrue or unfounded |
| reticent | reluctant to draw attention to yourself; temperamentally disinclined to talk, untalkative, retiring, self-effacing |
| sardonic | disdainfully or ironically humorous; scornful and mocking |
| sinecure | an office that involves minimal duties |
| singular | unique, extraordinary, odd |
| soporific | inducing mental lethargy; sleep inducing, hypnagogic, hypnogogic, somniferous, somnific, soporiferous,narcotic |
| specious | based on pretense; deceptively pleasing, ??? ??????, gilded, meretricious |
| stolid | having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited, impassive |
| supplant | take the place or move into the position of, replace, supercede, supersede, supervene upon |
| tirade | an angry speech, broadside, philippic |
| torpor | inactivity resulting from lethargy and lack of vigor or energy, listlessness, torpidity, torpidness |
| turgid | (of language) pompous and tedious, bombastic, declamatory, large, orotund, tumid |
| vacillate | be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action, hover, oscillate, vibrate,fluctuate, waver |
| venerate | to respect deeply, fear, revere, reverence |
| whimsical | determined by impulse or whim rather than by necessity or reason, capricious, impulsive |
| abash | to make ashamed, to embarrass |
| abdicate | (v) formally give up the throne (or some other power or responsibility) |
| abeyance | Temporary suspension, inactivity |
| abhor | (v) detest, regard with disgust |
| abject | miserable; pitiful |
| abridge | (v) reduce or lessen; shorten by omitting parts throughout while retaining the main idea |
| abscission | Cutting off; sudden termination; the separation of leaves, petals, or other parts from a plant or animal |
| absolve | to forgive or free from blame; to free from sin; to free from an obligation |
| abstemious | moderate in appetite |
| abstract | theoretical; impersonal |
| acerbic | harsh in tone, acerb, acid, acrid, bitter, blistering, caustic, sulfurous, sulphurous, virulent, vitriolic |
| acme | the highest point of achievement, elevation, height, meridian, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative, tiptop, top |
| acquiesce | to comply passively; to accept; to assent; to agree |
| acrid | harsh; like acid |
| acrimonious | full of spite; bitter; nasty |
| acute | sharp; shrewd |
| adherent | follower; supporter; believer |
| adverse | (adj) opposing, harmful |
| affectation | (n) fake behavior (such as in speech or dress) adopted to give a certain impression |
| affinity | fondness; liking; similarity |
| affluent | wealthy |
| alchemy | medieval chemical philosophy based on changing metal into gold; a seemingly magical power or process of transmutation |
| alleviate | (v) lessen, make easier to endure |
| allocate | to distribute; to assign; to allot |
| aloof | Distant physically or emotionally; reserved; indifferent |
| altruism | the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others, selflessness |
| ambivalent | mixed or conflicting emotions about something |
| amenable | easily persuaded, conformable, tractable |
| amenity | something that increases comfort |
| amiable | friendly, affable, cordial, genial |
| amorphous | shapeless, formless, shapeless, unstructured |
| animosity | intense hostility |
| antagonize | (v) make hostile or unfriendly |
| antecedent | something that comes before |
| antithesis | the opposite of something |
| antithetical | sharply contrasted in character or purpose, antithetic |
| aphorism | a short instructive saying about a general truth, apophthegm, apothegm |
| apogee | the highest point, culmination |
| apposite | Highly appropriate, suitable, or relevant |
| appreciate | to increase in value |
| apprehensive | worried; anxious |
| apprise | Inform, give notice to |
| arbiter | Judge, umpire, person empowered to decide matters at hand |
| arcane | requiring secret or mysterious knowledge |
| arrogate | seize and control without authority, assume, seize, take over, usurp |
| artful | exhibiting artistic skill |
| articulate | (adj, verb) using language in a clear, fluent way (adj); speak distinctly or give clarity to an idea (verb) |
| aspersion | slander; false rumor |
| assail | attack in speech or writing, assault, attack, lash out, round, snipe |
| assiduous | Persevering, diligent, constant |
| astringent | harsh; severe |
| audacity | aggressive boldness in social situations, audaciousness, temerity |
| augury | Telling the future, such as through supernatural means |
| august | Venerable, majestic; inspiring admiration |
| auspicious | favorable, the opposite of sinister |
| aver | (v) declare or affirm with confidence |
| axiom | Self-evident truth requiring no proof; universally or generally accepted principle |
| bane | Something that ruins or spoils |
| benign | kind |
| bifurcate | To fork into two branches or divide into two halves |
| blandish | v. to coax with flattery, toady or fawn |
| blithe | Joyous, merry; excessively carefree (so as to ignore more important concerns) |
| boor | (n) rude, ill-mannered, or insensitive person; a peasant or country bumpkin |
| broach | to mention for the first time |
| brook | put up with something or somebody unpleasant, abide, bear, digest, endure, put up, stand, stick out, stomach, suffer, support, tolerate |
| buttress | make stronger or defensible |
| cacophony | (n) harsh, discordant, or meaningless mixture of sounds |
| candid | a straightforward and honest look at something, blunt, forthright, frank, free-spoken, outspoken, plainspoken, point-blank, straight-from-the-shoulder |
| canon | an established set of principles; a basis or standard for judgment; a group of literary works |
| cartography | (n) mapmaking |
| castigate | to reprimand harshly, chasten, chastise, correct, objurgate |
| catholic | of broad scope; universal |
| censure | to express strong disapproval, animadversion |
| chauvinist | a person who believes in the superiority of their group, flag-waver, hundred-percenter, jingo, jingoist, patrioteer |
| chicanery | Trickery, deception by knowingly false arguments |
| chimera | something desired or wished for but is only an illusion and impossible to achieve |
| choleric | prone to outbursts of temper; easily angered, hot-tempered, hotheaded, irascible, quick-tempered, short-tempered |
| churlish | lacking manners or refinement |
| circumscribe | restrict or confine, confine, limit |
| coda | Final part of a musical composition; an ending, esp. one that sums up what has come before |
| color | v. to change as if by dyeing, influence, distort, or gloss over |
| complaisant | showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others, obliging |
| condone | (v) overlook, tolerate, regard as harmless |
| confluence | A flowing together especially of rivers; place where they begin to flow together |
| contentious | likely to argue, combative, disputatious, disputative, litigious |
| contiguous | touching; neighboring; connecting without a break |
| contumacious | Rebellious; stubbornly disobedient |
| conundrum | a difficult problem, brain-teaser, enigma, riddle |
| copious | in abundant supply, ample, plenteous, plentiful, rich, voluminous |
| corroborate | to confirm or lend support to (usually an idea or claim), affirm, confirm, substantiate, sustain,bear out, support, underpin |
| countenance | (n, v) facial expression or face (noun); approve or tolerate (verb) |
| credulous | (adj) gullible; prone to believing or trusting too easily or without enough evidence |
| cupidity | greed for money, avarice, avariciousness, covetousness |
| curmudgeon | a grouchy, surly person |
| daunt | (v) discourage, dishearten, lessen the courage of |
| dearth | a lack or shortage, famine, shortage,paucity |
| debunk | expose as false ideas and claims, especially while ridiculing, expose |
| decorous | characterized by good taste in manners and conduct |
| deference | (n) respectful submission; yielding to the authority or opinion of another |
| delineate | describe in detail |
| denouement | the final resolution of the many strands of a literary or dramatic work; the outcome of a complex sequence of events |
| depreciate | v. to disparage or belittle |
| derivative | (or a creative product, e.g. music, writing, etc.) not original but drawing on the work of another person |
| didactic | instructive (especially excessively), didactical |
| digress | (v) go off-topic when speaking or writing |
| dilate | To become wider or make wider, cause to expand; to speak or write at length, elaborate upon |
| discomfit | to make uneasy; disconcert |
| discordant | Harsh or inharmonious in sound; disagreeing, incongruous |
| discrete | constituting a separate entity or part, distinct |
| disingenuous | not straightforward; giving a false appearance of frankness, artful |
| disinterested | unbiased; neutral |
| disparage | Belittle, put down; bring shame upon, discredit |
| disseminate | cause to become widely known, broadcast, circularise, circularize, circulate, diffuse, disperse, distribute, pass around, propagate, spread |
| dissolution | a living full of debauchery and indulgence in sensual pleasure, dissipation, licentiousness, looseness, profligacy |
| distend | Swell, expand, stretch, bloat |
| divulge | to make known something that is secret |
| Dogma | (n) a system of principles laid down by an authority; established belief |
| dogmatic | highly opinionated, not accepting that your belief may not be correct |
| dross | waste; worthless matter |
| eccentric | highly unconventional or unusual (usually describes a person), eccentric person, flake, geek, oddball |
| elicit | call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses), arouse, enkindle, evoke, fire, kindle, provoke, raise |
| Eloquent | (adj) marked by forceful, fluid, apt speech; expressive, emotionally moving |
| eminent | standing above others in quality or position, lofty, soaring, towering |
| Empirical | (adj) coming from, based on, or able to be verified by experience or experimentation; not purely based on theory |
| Enigma | (n) puzzle, mystery, riddle; mysterious or contradictory person |
| ennui | n. dissatisfaction and restlessness resulting from boredom or apathy |
| enormity | an act of extreme wickedness, outrageousness |
| enumerate | determine the number or amount of, count, number, numerate |
| epicure | Person with cultivated, refined tastes, esp. in food and wine |
| equanimity | Composure, evenness of mind; mental or emotional stability, esp. under stress |
| errant | to be wandering; not sticking to a circumscribed path |
| erratic | unpredictable; strange and unconventional, fickle, mercurial, quicksilver |
| ersatz | not real or genuine; phony, substitute |
| eschew | avoid and stay away from deliberately; stay clear of, shun |
| euphemism | Substitution of a mild, inoffensive, or indirect expression for one that is considered offensive or too direct |
| evanescent | tending to vanish like vapor |
| evince | to show plainly; be an indication of |
| exhort | to strongly urge on; encourage, barrack, cheer, inspire, pep up, root on, urge, urge on |
| exigent | Requiring immediate attention, action, or aid; excessively demanding |
| exonerate | pronounce not guilty of criminal charges, acquit, assoil, clear, discharge, exculpate |
| expiate | to atone for |
| expurgate | to remove objectionable material, bowdlerise, bowdlerize, castrate, shorten |
| extant | still in existence (usually refers to documents). |
| extemporaneous | Done without preparation (esp. of a speech), or with some preparation but no notes; improvised, done on the spur of the moment |
| facetious | cleverly amusing in tone, bantering, tongue-in-cheek |
| fallacious | of a belief that is based on faulty reasoning, unsound,Synonyms, |
| fallacy | n. an invalid or incorrect notion, a mistaken belief |
| Fanatical | (adj) excessively devoted, enthusiastic, or zealous in an uncritical way |
| fastidious | overly concerned with details; fussy, exacting |
| fawn | try to gain favor by extreme flattery, bootlick, kotow, kowtow, suck up, toady, truckle |
| fecund | intellectually productive, fertile, prolific |
| felicitous | Admirably appropriate, very well-suited for the occasion; pleasant, fortunate, marked by happiness |
| fetter | to bind; confine |
| flout | Treat with disdain, contempt, or scorn (usually of rules) |
| ford | Place where a river or similar body of water is shallow enough to walk or ride a vehicle across (noun); to cross at such a place (verb) |
| forswear | renounce; repudiate |
| fortuitous | occurring by happy chance; having no cause or apparent cause, causeless, uncaused |
| fracas | Noisy disturbance or fight; brawl |
| frugal | not spending much money (but spending wisely), economical, scotch, sparing, stinting |
| fulminate | Explode, detonate; attack verbally in a vehement, thunderous way |
| furtive | marked by quiet and caution and secrecy; taking pains to avoid being observed, sneak, sneaky, stealthy, surreptitious |
| futile | producing no result or effect; unproductive of success, ineffectual, otiose, unavailing,bootless, fruitless, sleeveless, vain |
| gainsay | deny or contradict; speak against or oppose, challenge, dispute |
| garner | Gather and store; amass, collect |
| gauche | lacking social polish, graceless, unpolished |
| germane | relevant and appropriate |
| goad | urge on with unpleasant comments, prick,needle |
| gossamer | characterized by unusual lightness and delicacy, ethereal |
| grandiloquent | puffed up with vanity, overblown, pompous, pontifical, portentous |
| grouse | Complain or grumble (verb); a reason for complaint (noun) |
| grovel | show submission or fear, cower, crawl, creep, cringe, fawn |
| Guile | (n) clever deceit, cunning, craftiness |
| guileless | free of deceit, transparent |
| gullible | easily deceived |
| hackneyed | lacking significance through having been overused, banal, commonplace, old-hat, shopworn, stock, threadbare, timeworn, tired, trite, well-worn |
| halcyon | idyllically calm and peaceful; suggesting happy tranquillity; marked by peace and prosperity, golden, prosperous |
| harangue | a long pompous speech; a tirade, rant, ranting |
| hedonism | n. devotion to pleasurable pursuits, especially to the pleasures of the senses |
| hegemony | dominance over a certain area |
| hoary | ancient, rusty |
| homily | sermon; tedious moralizing lecture |
| Homogeneous | (adj) of the same kind; uniform throughout |
| Hyperbole | (n) deliberate exaggeration for effect |
| iconoclast | somebody who attacks cherished beliefs or institutions |
| iconoclastic | defying tradition or convention |
| idiosyncrasy | a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual, foible, mannerism |
| idolatry | Idol worship; excessive or unthinking devotion or adoration |
| idyllic | Presenting a positive, peaceful view of rural life (as poetry or prose); pleasant in a natural, simple way |
| ignoble | dishonorable, ungentle, untitled |
| imbroglio | a confusing and potentially embarrassing situation, embroilment |
| imminent | (adj) ready to occur, impending |
| immutable | not able to be changed, changeless |
| impassive | Not having or not showing physical feeling or emotion |
| impede | be a hindrance or obstacle to, hinder,block, close up, jam, obstruct, obturate, occlude |
| imperious | having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy, disdainful, haughty, lordly, overbearing, prideful, sniffy, supercilious, swaggering |
| impermeable | does not allow fluids to pass through |
| impetuous | characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation, brainish, hotheaded, impulsive, madcap, tearaway |
| imprecation | Curse; prayer for harm to come to someone |
| impugn | attack as false or wrong |
| impute | attribute (responsibility or fault) to something, ascribe, assign, attribute |
| Incipient | (adj) just beginning; in a very early stage |
| incorrigible | impervious to correction by punishment |
| Indifferent | (adj) not caring, having no interest; unbiased, impartial |
| ineluctable | impossible to avoid or evade |
| inert | Inactive; having little or no power to move |
| inexorable | impossible to stop or prevent, adamant, adamantine, intransigent |
| ingenuous | to be na?ve and innocent, innocent |
| ingratiate | gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts |
| Inherent | (adj) existing as a permanent, essential quality; intrinsic |
| inimical | hostile (usually describes conditions or environments), unfriendly |
| iniquity | Injustice, wickedness, sin |
| insensible | Incapable of feeling; unconscious, unaware |
| insular | Pertaining to an island; detached, standing alone; narrow-minded, provincial |
| interregnum | A time in between two reigns or regimes during which there is no ruler; a period during which government does not function; any period of freedom from authority or break or interruption in a series |
| intimate | to suggest something subtly, adumbrate, insinuate |
| Intractable | (adj) difficult to control, manage, or manipulate; hard to cure; stubborn |
| intransigent | unwilling to change one's beliefs or course of action, adamant, adamantine, inexorable |
| intrepid | fearless, audacious, brave, dauntless, fearless, hardy, unfearing |
| inure | to make accustomed to something unpleasant, harden, indurate |
| inveigle | Entice, lure; get something by flattery, cleverness, or offering incentives |
| inveterate | habitual, chronic |
| irresolute | uncertain how to act or proceed |
| jargon | a characteristic language of a particular group, argot, cant, lingo, patois, slang, vernacular |
| jingoism | fanatical patriotism, chauvinism, superpatriotism, ultranationalism |
| jocular | characterized by jokes and good humor, jesting, jocose, joking |
| juxtapose | place side by side |
| kinetic | Pertaining to motion |
| Kudos | (n) praise, honor, congratulations |
| lachrymose | showing sorrow, dolorous, dolourous, tearful, weeping |
| lampoon | ridicule with satire, satirise, satirize |
| languid | not inclined towards physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed, dreamy, lackadaisical, languorous |
| Lassitude | (n) tiredness, weariness; lazy indifference |
| latent | Potential; existing but not visible or active |
| laud | praise |
| laudable | worthy of high praise, applaudable, commendable, praiseworthy |
| Lavish | (adj, v) abundant or giving in abundance; marked by excess (adj); give very generously (verb) |
| leery | openly distrustful and unwilling to confide, mistrustful, suspicious, untrusting, wary |
| Levity | (n) lightness (of mind, spirit, or mood) or lack of seriousness, sometimes in an inappropriate way |
| Liberal | (adj, n) favorable to progress or reform; believing in maximum possible individual freedom; tolerant, open-minded; generous (adj); a person with such beliefs or practices (noun) |
| Libertine | (n) morally or sexually unrestrained person; freethinker (regarding religion) |
| lionize | assign great social importance to, celebrate, lionise |
| Loquacious | (adj) talkative, wordy |
| lugubrious | excessively mournful |
| lumber | Walk in a heavy or clumsy way, sometimes due to being weighed down |
| luminous | Shining, radiant, well-lit; brilliant or enlightening |
| maelstrom | Violent whirlpool; any chaotic, turbulent situation |
| malinger | Pretend to be sick, esp. to get out of work, duties, etc. |
| martial | suggesting war or military life, warlike,soldierlike, soldierly, warriorlike |
| martinet | a strict disciplinarian, disciplinarian, moralist |
| maudlin | overly emotional and sad, bathetic, drippy, hokey, kitschy, mawkish, mushy, schmaltzy, schmalzy, sentimental, slushy, soppy, soupy |
| maverick | someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action, rebel |
| Mendacious | (adj) lying, habitually dishonest |
| mercurial | (of a person) prone to unexpected and unpredictable changes in mood, erratic, fickle, quicksilver |
| meretricious | Attractive in a vulgar or flashy way, tawdry; deceptive |
| mettlesome | filled with courage or valor, game, gamey, gamy, gritty, spirited, spunky |
| microcosm | a small system having analogies to a larger system |
| milieu | Environment, atmosphere; the environmental setting in which something happens or develops |
| militate | Have a great effect, weigh heavily (often as militate against) |
| minuscule | very small |
| misanthrope | a hater of mankind, misanthropist |
| misogynist | a person who dislikes women in particular, woman hater |
| modicum | a small or moderate or token amount |
| monolithic | solid and uniform; constituing a single, unified whole |
| Monotony | (n) sameness or repetitiousness to the point of being boring; lack of variation, uniformity, esp. repetition in sound |
| morose | ill-tempered and not inclined to talk; gloomy, dark, dour, glowering, glum, moody, saturnine, sour, sullen |
| multifarious | Diverse, having a lot of variety |
| mundane | repetitive and boring; not spiritual |
| myopia | a nearsightedness ; lack of foresight ; |
| myopic | lacking foresight or imagination, short, shortsighted, unforesightful |
| myriad | a large indefinite number, countless, infinite, innumerable, innumerous, multitudinous, numberless, uncounted, unnumberable, unnumbered, unnumerable |
| nadir | the lowest point, low-water mark |
| Nascent | (adj) coming into existence, still developing |
| nefarious | a evil ; flagrantly wicked |
| neologism | New word or phrase (or a new meaning applied to an existing word or phrase) |
| neophyte | Beginner, novice; person newly converted to a religion |
| nepotism | n showing favoritism to friends of family in business or politics (স্বজনপ্রীতি) |
| nettle | Irritate, sting, or annoy |
| noisome | having an extremely bad smell, fetid, foetid, foul, foul-smelling, funky, ill-scented, smelly, stinking |
| nonplussed | unsure how to act or respond |
| nostalgia | sentimental longing for a past time |
| Novel | (adj) new, fresh, original |
| nuance | a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude, nicety, refinement, shade, subtlety |
| oblique | not straightforward; indirect, devious |
| oblivion | n total forgetfulness ; the state of being forgotten ; |
| obscure | make unclear, becloud, befog, cloud, fog, haze over, mist, obnubilate |
| obstinate | resistant to guidance or discipline; stubbornly persistent, cussed, obdurate, unrepentant, contrary, perverse, wayward |
| Obviate | (v) prevent, eliminate, or make unnecessary |
| occlude | Stop up, close, shut in or shut off |
| Occult | (n, adj, v) the supernatural (noun); pertaining to magic, astrology, etc.; mysterious, secret or hidden (adj); to hide, to shut off from view |
| odious | hateful, arousing strong feelings of dislike |
| Onerous | (adj) burdensome, oppressive, hard to endure |
| opaque | not clearly understood or expressed, unintelligible |
| opprobrium | Disgrace and disapproval that result from outrageously shameful actions |
| opulent | a luxurious |
| Orthodox | (adj) adhering to a traditional, established faith, or to anything customary or commonly accepted |
| Oscillate | (v) swing back and forth; waver, change one's mind |
| ossify | make rigid and set into a conventional pattern, petrify, rigidify |
| ostentatious | intended to attract notice and impress others; tawdry or vulgar, pretentious |
| palliate | Make less serious or severe; relieve symptoms of an illness |
| pallid | Abnormally pale (as skin); lacking color or vitality |
| panache | distinctive and stylish elegance, dash, elan, flair, style |
| Paradox | (n) contradiction, or seeming contradiction that is actually true |
| pariah | an outcast, castaway, ishmael |
| parochial | narrowly restricted in scope or outlook, insular |
| parody | n. a humorous imitation intended for ridicule or comic effect, especially in literature and art, also something so bad as to be potentially mistaken for an intentional mockery |
| parry | Deflect or avoid (esp. a blow or attack); skillfully evade (a question) |
| Partisan | (adj, n) devoted to a particular group, cause, etc. (adj); fervent supporter of a group, party, idea, etc.; guerilla fighter (noun) |
| paucity | a lack of something, dearth |
| Peccadillo | (n) small sin or fault |
| pedant | Person who pays excessive attention to book learning and rules, or who uses his or her learning to show off |
| pedantic | marked by a narrow focus on or display of learning especially its trivial aspects, academic, donnish |
| pedestrian | lacking imagination, earthbound, prosaic, prosy |
| pejorative | expressing disapproval (usu. refers to a term), dislogistic, dyslogistic |
| pellucid | transparently clear; easily understandable, crystal clear, limpid, lucid, luculent, perspicuous |
| Penchant | (n) liking or inclination |
| penitent | Regretful, feeling remorse for one's sins or misdeeds (adj); a person who feels this way (noun) |
| penury | Extreme poverty or scarcity |
| perennial | lasting an indefinitely long time; eternal; everlasting |
| Perfidious | (adj) disloyal, treacherous, violating one's trust |
| perigee | point in an orbit that is closest to the earth |
| peripatetic | traveling by foot, wayfaring |
| pernicious | exceedingly harmful; working or spreading in a hidden and injurious way, baneful, deadly, pestilent,insidious, subtle |
| perquisite | a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right), exclusive right, prerogative, privilege |
| perspicacious | acutely insightful and wise, sagacious, sapient |
| Pervasive | (adj) tending to spread throughout |
| petulant | easily irritated or annoyed, cranky, fractious, irritable, nettlesome, peckish, peevish, pettish, scratchy, techy, testy, tetchy |
| philistine | smug and ignorant towards artistic and cultural values, anti-intellectual |
| placid | not easily irritated, equable, even-tempered, good-tempered |
| Plastic | (adj) able to be shaped or formed; easily influenced |
| platitude | a trite or obvious remark, banality, bromide, cliche, commonplace |
| plethora | Excess; excessive amount |
| pluck | n. courage, spunk, fortitude |
| plucky | marked by courage and determination, gutsy,feisty, spunky |
| plumb | to examine deeply; determine the depth |
| Plummet | (v) plunge, fall straight down |
| poignant | emotionally touching, affecting, touching |
| polemic | a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something. |
| posit | assume as fact, postulate |
| prattle | Talk in an idle, simple-minded, meaningless, or foolish way; chatter, babble |
| precarious | fraught with danger, parlous, perilous, touch-and-go |
| precept | principle; law |
| Precursor | (n) something that comes before, esp. something that also announces or suggests something on its way |
| preeminent | superior to others, surpassing |
| presumptuous | excessively forward, assuming, assumptive |
| proclivity | Inclination, natural tendency |
| prodigious | so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe, colossal, stupendous |
| profligate | spending resources recklessly or wastefully, extravagant, prodigal, spendthrift |
| Proliferate | (v) increase or spread rapidly or excessively |
| prolific | intellectually productive, fecund, fertile |
| propensity | Natural inclination or tendency |
| Propriety | (n) conforming to good manners or appropriate behavior; justness |
| proscribe | command against, disallow, forbid, interdict, nix, prohibit, veto |
| puerile | of or characteristic of a child; displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity, adolescent, jejune, juvenile |
| pungent | Having a sharp taste or smell; biting, stimulating, sharp |
| pusillanimous | Cowardly, timid |
| querulous | habitually complaining, fretful, whiney, whiny |
| quiescent | Quiet, still |
| quixotic | wildly idealistic; impractical, romantic, wild-eyed |
| quotidian | found in the ordinary course of events, everyday, mundane, routine, unremarkable, workaday |
| rancor | the bitter, long-lasting resentment itself |
| rarefied | make more subtle or refined |
| recalcitrant | Not obedient, resisting authority, hard to manage |
| recant | Withdraw, retract, or disavow something one has previously said, esp. formally |
| recondite | difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge, abstruse, deep |
| redolent | fragrant, suggestive or evocative |
| redress | an act of making something right, remediation, remedy |
| refractory | stubbornly resistant to authority or control, fractious, recalcitrant |
| refulgent | Shining, radiant |
| refute | prove to be false or incorrect, controvert, rebut |
| relegate | assign to a lower position, break, bump, demote, kick downstairs |
| replete | completely stocked or furnished with something |
| reproach | to express criticism towards, upbraid |
| reprobate | a person who is disapproved of, miscreant |
| rescind | cancel officially, annul, countermand, lift, overturn, repeal, reverse, revoke, vacate |
| resolve | reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation, conclude |
| restive | restless, edgy, high-strung, highly strung, jittery, jumpy, nervy, overstrung, uptight |
| reverent | feeling or showing profound respect or veneration, godly, worshipful |
| Rhetoric | (n) the art or study of persuasion through speaking or writing; language that is elaborate or pretentious but actually empty, meaning little |
| ribald | humorously vulgar, bawdy, off-color |
| rococo | Very elaborate and ornate (in decorating or metaphorically, as in speech and writing); relating to a highly ornate style of art and architecture in 18th-century France |
| rue | Regret, remorse (noun); to feel regret or remorse (verb) |
| rustic | characteristic of rural life; awkwardly simple and provincial, countrified, countryfied,bumpkinly, hick, unsophisticated |
| sagacious | having good judgement and acute insight, perspicacious, sapient |
| salient | Obvious, standing out; projecting, protruding, jutting out |
| Salubrious | (adj) healthful, promoting health |
| salutary | expecting an improvement, favorable to health |
| sanction | give authority or permission to |
| sanguine | cheerful; optimistic, florid, rubicund, ruddy |
| satiate | to satisfy |
| satire | n. a literary work that ridicules or criticizes human vice through humor or derision |
| sedition | Inciting rebellion against a government, esp. speech or writing that does this |
| sedulous | done diligently and carefully, assiduous |
| Sentient | (adj) conscious; experiencing sensation or perceiving with the senses |
| shard | Fragment of some brittle substance, esp. a sharp fragment of pottery, glass, etc. |
| slake | Satisfy (esp. thirst), cool, or refresh; make less active |
| solecism | a socially awkward or tactless act, faux pas, gaffe, gaucherie, slip |
| solicitous | showing hovering attentiveness |
| solvent | able to meet financial obligations |
| spartan | unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment; practicing great self-denial, severe |
| sporadic | recurring in scattered and irregular or unpredictable instances |
| squalor | filthy, wretched condition |
| Static | (adj) fixed, not moving or changing, lacking vitality |
| stentorian | Very loud and powerful (generally of a human voice) |
| stigma | Mark of disgrace, a figurative stain or mark on someone's reputation |
| stint | Period of time spent doing something, or a specific, limited amount of work (noun); to be frugal, to get by on little (verb) |
| strut | A structural support or brace |
| stupefy | to dull the senses of, stun, atonish |
| subpoena | A court order requiring a person to appear in court and give testimony |
| subtle | not obvious, elusive, difficult to discern, crafty or sly |
| succinct | brief, concise |
| supine | lying in the back, marked by lethargy |
| supplicant | one who asks humbly and earnestly |
| surfeit | an excessive amount of something, excess, overabundance |
| surly | inclined to anger or bad feelings with overtones of menace, ugly |
| sybarite | a person who indulges in luxury, voluptuary |
| sycophant | a person who tries to please someone in order to gain a personal advantage, ass-kisser, crawler, lackey, toady |
| Synonyms | defective |
| Tacit | (adj) understood without being said; implied, not stated directly; silent |
| taciturn | habitually reserved and uncommunicative |
| Tangential | (adj) only slightly relevant, going off topic |
| tawdry | tastelessly showy; cheap and shoddy, brassy, cheap, flash, flashy, garish, gaudy, gimcrack, loud, meretricious, tacky, tatty, trashy,cheapjack, shoddy |
| Tenuous | (adj) long and thin, slender; flimsy, having little substance |
| terrestrial | Relating to the Earth or to land; worldly |
| terse | Concise, brief and to the point (sometimes to the point of rudeness) |
| toady | Someone who flatters or acts in a servile manner for self-serving reasons |
| tome | Large or scholarly book; one of the volumes in a set of several books |
| tortuous | marked by repeated turns and bends; not straightforward, twisting, twisty, voluminous, winding |
| tractable | readily reacting to suggestions and influences; easily managed (controlled or taught or molded), amenable,manipulable |
| transitory | lasting a very short time, ephemeral, fugacious, passing, short-lived, transient |
| travesty | an absurd presentation of something; a mockery, farce, farce comedy,burlesque, charade, lampoon, mockery, parody, pasquinade, put-on, sendup, spoof, takeoff |
| trenchant | characterized by or full of force and vigor; having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought, expression, or intellect, hard-hitting,searching |
| turbid | muddy, opaque, in a state of great confusion |
| tyro | someone new to a field or activity, beginner, initiate, novice, tiro |
| Ubiquitous | (adj) existing everywhere at the same time |
| umbrage | a feeling of anger caused by being offended, offence, offense |
| unconscionable | unreasonable; unscrupulous; excessive, exorbitant, extortionate, outrageous, steep, usurious |
| unequivocal | admitting of no doubt or misunderstanding; having only one meaning or interpretation and leading to only one conclusion, unambiguous, univocal |
| upbraid | to reproach; to scold |
| usury | Charging interest on a loan, esp. charging illegally high or excessive interest |
| variegated | Varied in color, having multicolored patches or spots; diverse |
| venal | mercenary, corruptible |
| Verbose | (adj) wordy |
| vex | annoy or bother; puzzle or distress |
| virulent | Extremely infectious, poisonous, etc.; hateful, bitterly hostile |
| viscous | thick, syrupy |
| vitiate | to impair the quality of, corrupt morally |
| vituperate | to criticize harshly; to berate, rail, revile, vilify |
| Volatile | (adj) varying, inconstant, fleeting; tending to violence, explosive |
| voluble | Easily fluent in regards to speech |
| wanton | without check or limitation; showing no moral restraints to one's anger, desire, or appetites, easy, light, loose, promiscuous, sluttish |
| welter | Confused mass or pile, jumble; confusion or turmoil (noun); roll around, wallow, toss about, writhe (verb) |
| winsome | charming in a childlike or naive way |
| zenith | the highest point; culmination |
| abase | Degrade or humble; to lower in rank, status, or esteem |
| abet | to support or encourage someone, especially someone who has done something wrong |
| abnegate | to deny oneself things; to reject; to renounce |
| abortive | unsuccessful |
| absolute | total; unlimited; perfect |
| abstinence | the giving up of certain pleasures |
| abstinent | abstaining; voluntarily not doing something, especially something pleasant that is bad for you or has a bad reputation |
| abysmal | extremely bad, abyssal, unfathomable |
| abyss | A deep and vast space or cavity; anything profound or infinite |
| accede | Agree, give consent; assume power (usually as "accede to") |
| accessible | find, approachable / ACCESS: the right or ability to approach, enter, or use |
| acclaim | recognition, fame, praise; to praise publicly and enthusiastically |
| accord | to agree; to be in harmony; to grant or bestow |
| accost | to approach and speak to someone aggressively |
| accrue | to accumulate; grow by additions |
| acidulous | Slightly acid or sour; sharp or caustic |
| adage | a traditional saying; a proverb |
| adamant | refusing to change one's mind, adamantine, inexorable, intransigent |
| address | to speak to; to direct one's attention to |
| adduce | offer as example; to bring forward as an example or as proof; to cite |
| adjunct | something added, attached, or joined |
| admonitory | serving to warn; expressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective, cautionary, exemplary, monitory, warning |
| adumbrate | Give a rough outline of; foreshadow; reveal only partially; obscure |
| advent | arrival; coming; beginning |
| aerie | Dwelling or fortress built on a high place; the nest of a bird of prey, such as an eagle or hawk, built on a mountain or cliff |
| aesthete | one who professes great sensitivity to the beauty of art and nature, esthete |
| affable | likeable; easy to talk to, amiable, cordial, genial |
| affected | pretentious; phony |
| affiliate | associate |
| affront | insult; a deliverate act of disrespect |
| agenda | program; the things to be done |
| aggregate | (v, adj) gather together, amount to (verb); constituting a whole made up of constituent parts (adj) |
| aggrieved | unjustly injured |
| agnostic | one who believes that the existence of a god can be neither proven nor disproven |
| agog | eager; excited |
| agrarian | relating to land; relating to the management or farming of land |
| allege | to assert without proof |
| allusion | an indirect reference (often to a literary work); a hint |
| amass | to pile up; to accumulate; to collect for one's own use |
| ambivalence | the state of having conflicting emotional attitudes |
| amnesty | an official pardon for a group of people who have violated a law or policy; a pardon to a group or class of people |
| amoral | lacking a sense of right and wrong; neither good nor bad, neither moral nor immoral; without moral feelings |
| amorous | feeling loving, especially in a sexual sense; in love; relating to love |
| amortize | Gradually pay off a debt, or gradually write off an asset |
| amulet | ornament worn as a charm against evil spirits |
| analgesia | Pain relief; inability to feel pain |
| analogy | a comparison of one thing to another; similarity |
| anarchy | (n) absence of law or government; chaos, disorder |
| anathema | a detested person; the source of somebody's hate, bete noire |
| ancillary | subordinate; providing assistance |
| anecdote | a short account of a humorous or revealing incident |
| anguish | agonizing physical or mental pain |
| annotate | to add explanatory notes / ANNOTATION: a note explaining or criticizing a literary work |
| anomalous | not normal |
| antedate | precede in time, antecede, forego, forgo, precede, predate, foredate |
| apartheid | the abhorrent policy of racial segregation and oppression in the Republic of South Africa |
| apathetic | marked by a lack of interest, indifferent |
| apex | the highest point, acme, peak, vertex |
| apocalypse | a prophetic revelation, especially one concerning the end of the world |
| apothegm | a short, pithy instructive saying, aphorism, apophthegm |
| appall | horrify / APPALLING (adj) |
| apparition | phantom |
| appease | pacify by acceding to the demands of, assuage, conciliate, gentle, gruntle, lenify, mollify, pacify, placate |
| appellation | name |
| appraise | to estimate the value or quality of; to judge |
| apropos | relevant |
| aptitude | capacity for learning; natural ability |
| arabesque | ornate design featuring intertwined curves; a ballet position in which one leg is extended in back while the other supports the weight of the body |
| arable | able to be farmed |
| arbitrary | based on a random, groundless decision |
| archetype | An original model or pattern |
| ardent | Very passionate, devoted, or enthusiastic |
| ardor | great emotion or passion |
| arid | very dry; lacking life, interest, or imagination |
| arrant | complete and wholly (usually modifying a noun with negative connotation), complete, consummate, double-dyed, everlasting, gross, perfect, pure, sodding, staring, stark, thoroughgoing, unadulterated, utter |
| arrest | to stop; to seize |
| artifact | (n) any object made by humans, especially those from an earlier time, such as those excavated by archaeologists |
| artifice | cunning tricks used to deceive others, ruse |
| ascendancy | the state that exists when one person or group has power over another, ascendance, ascendence, ascendency, control, dominance |
| ascribe | attribute or credit to, assign, attribute, impute |
| assert | to claim strongly; to affairm |
| assimilate | To take in; to absorb; to learn thoroughly. pop trends are assimilated into the mainstream |
| astute | Shrewd; keen in judgment ;বিচক্ষণ |
| asylum | place of refuge or shelter |
| atavism | a reappearance of an earlier characteristic; throwback, reversion, throwback |
| atone | make amends for a wrong |
| atrophy | to wither away; to decline from disuse |
| attrition | Gradual wearing away weakening or loss; a natural or expected decrease in numbers of size |
| augment | enlarge or increase; improve |
| augur | v. to predict; n. the person or thing doing the foretelling |
| autocratic | characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty, authoritarian, despotic, dictatorial, tyrannic, tyrannical |
| autonomous | (adj) self-governing, independent |
| avaricious | excessively greedy, covetous, grabby, grasping, greedy, prehensile |
| averse | opposed to something |
| aversion | a strong feeling of dislike |
| avid | marked by active interest and enthusiasm, zealous |
| avuncular | like an uncle, benevolent and tolerant |
| awe | reverential wonder or fear; the emotion of respect mixed with fear |
| awry | Off course; twisted to one side. with his necktie twisted awry |
| axiomatic | taken for granted; self-evident truth |
| baleful | threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments, forbidding, menacing, minacious, minatory, ominous, sinister, threatening |
| balk | refuse to comply, baulk, jib, resist |
| balm | something that heals or soothes |
| banter | playful conversation |
| baroque | extravagantly ornate; flamboyant in style |
| base | the lowest class were without any moral principles, foot, foundation, fundament, groundwork, substructure, understructure |
| bauble | a gaudy trinket, trifle; a small, inexpencive ornament / TRINKET: 2(232) a small piece of jewlery; something of little value |
| beatify | to sanctify; to bless; to ascribe a virtue to |
| bedizen | to dress in a vulgar, showy manner |
| bedlam | noisy uproar and chaos; a place characterized by noisy uproar and chaos |
| beget | To give birth to; to create; to lead to; to cause. Abraham begot Isaac |
| beguile | v. to influence by trickery, flattery, etc; to mislead |
| beleaguer | To surround; to besiege; to harass |
| belittle | lessen the importance, dignity, or reputation of, diminish,denigrate, derogate, minimize |
| bellicose | warlike; inclined to quarrel, battleful, combative |
| belligerent | characteristic of one eager to fight, aggressive |
| benediction | divine blessing; an utterance of good wishes <-> MALEDICTION |
| beneficent | Doing good |
| benevolent | Generous; kind; doing good deeds. a benevolent society |
| bent | Personal inclination or tendency |
| beset | Harass; to surround. This man besets his female co-workers |
| besiege | harass, as with questions or requests; cause to feel distressed or worried, beleaguer, circumvent, hem in, surround |
| bestow | to give as a gift, grant; to confer |
| bevy | Group of birds or other animals that stay close together; any large group |
| bilk | Cheat or defraud |
| blandishment | flattery |
| blasphemy | Irreverence; an insult to something held sacred; profanity |
| blatant | without any attempt at concealment; completely obvious, blazing, conspicuous |
| blight | Disease that kills plants rapidly, or any cause of decay or destruction (noun); ruin or cause to wither (verb) |
| bliss | happiness; perfect contentment; extreme joy |
| bluster | to boast or make threats loudly; to roar; to be loud; to be tumultuous 고함치다, 엄포를 놓다 / BLUSTERY adj. |
| bombast | self-important or pompous writing or speech |
| bonhomie | Friendliness, open and simple good heartedness |
| boorish | ill-mannered and coarse or contemptible in behavior or appearance, loutish, neandertal, neanderthal, oafish, swinish |
| bovine | cowlike |
| brandish | Shake, wave, or flourish, as a weapon |
| bravado | a false show or ostentatious show of bravery or defiance |
| brazen | unrestrained by convention or propriety, audacious, bald-faced, barefaced, bodacious, brassy, brazen-faced, insolent |
| breach | a violation; a gap or break |
| brevity | Briefness |
| buffoonery | coarse jokes, etc |
| bureaucracy | (n) government characterized by many bureaus and petty administrators or by excessive, seemingly meaningless requirements |
| byzantine | intricate and complex, convoluted, involved, knotty, tangled, tortuous |
| cabal | a secret group seeking to overturn something |
| cache | a hiding place; the things hidden in a hiding place |
| cadge | to beg; sponge |
| cajole | v. to inveigle, coax, wheedle, sweet talk |
| calamity | a disaster |
| callous | thick-skinned; insensitive |
| callow | young and inexperienced, fledgling, unfledged |
| canonical | (adj) authorized, recognized; pertaining to the canon, or body of accepted rules, standards or artistic works |
| cant | insincere talk; language of a particular group |
| canvass | survey, examine thoroughly; to seek votes or opinions |
| capitulate | to surrender (usually under agreed conditions) |
| captivate | to engross, fascinate; to enchant; enrapture |
| caricature | A portrait or description that is purposely distorted or exaggerated often to prove some point about its subject |
| carnal | of the flesh or body; related to physical appetities |
| carping | persistently petty and unjustified criticism, faultfinding |
| castigation | punishment; chastisement; criticism |
| cataclysm | an event resulting in great loss and misfortune, calamity, catastrophe, disaster, tragedy |
| categorical | absolute; without exception |
| caucus | smaller group within an organization |
| cavil | quibble, raise trivial objections |
| cerebral | involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct, intellectual |
| chagrin | strong feelings of embarrassment, humiliation, mortification |
| champion | to fight for a cause, defend |
| chaos | great disorder or confused situation |
| charlatan | a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes, mountebank |
| chary | cautious, suspiciously reluctant to do something, cagey, cagy |
| chasten | to correct by punishment or reproof; to restrain or subdue |
| chastise | to reprimand harshly, castigate, chasten, correct, objurgate |
| chauvinism | fanatical patriotism; belief that one's group/cause is superior to all other groups/causes, jingoism, superpatriotism, ultranationalism |
| chic | stylish and fashionable; sophistication in dress |
| cipher | zero; a nobody; a code; the solution to a code |
| circuitous | roundabout |
| circumlocution | An indirect expression; use of wordy or evasive language |
| circumspect | Cautious, prudent; careful to consider the circumstances and consequences |
| circumvent | cleverly find a way out of one's duties or obligations, dodge, duck, elude, evade, fudge, hedge, parry, put off, sidestep, skirt |
| civil | Polite; civilized; courteous |
| clamor | (v) noisy uproar or protest, as from a crowd; a loud, continuous noise |
| clandestine | concealed or secret, usually for an evil or subversive purpose |
| cleave | to split or separate, to stick, adhere |
| clemency | leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice, mercifulness, mercy |
| clique | a small, exclusive group |
| cloister | to confine; seclude |
| clout | influence; a blow |
| cloying | Disgustingly or distastefully sweet |
| coagulate | Cause a liquid to become solid or semisolid |
| coddle | to pamper, bady, treat indulgently |
| coerce | To force someone to do or not to do something |
| coffer | Chest for storing valuables; financial resources, a treasury |
| cognizant | informed; conscious; aware |
| coherent | Holding together; making sense |
| collusion | agreement on a secret plot, connivance |
| commiserate | to express sorrow or sympathy for; to sympathize with; to pity |
| commodious | spacious; roomy; capacious |
| compatible | harmonious; capable of functioning, working, or living together in harmony; consistent |
| compelling | Forceful; causing to yield |
| compendium | Concise but complete summary; a list or collection |
| complement | something that completes or makes up a whole |
| complementary | enhancing each other's qualities (for two things or more)., complemental, completing |
| compliant | (adj) obeying, submissive; following the requirements |
| composure | the state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself. |
| compromise | to settle differences; to agree (rarely: to expose to suspicion or redicule) |
| compunction | uneasiness caused by guilt |
| concave | curving inward |
| concede | acknowledge defeat |
| concerted | done together / CONCERT: combined action; agreement |
| conciliatory | (adj) reconciling, appeasing, attempting to make the peace |
| concomitant | describing an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another, accompaniment, attendant, co-occurrence |
| concord | Harmony; agreement |
| condescend | To stoop to someone else level usually in an offensive way; to patronize |
| conducive | making a situation or outcome more likely to happen |
| configuration | arrangement |
| congeal | solidify, as a liquid freezing, to become thick or solid |
| congenial | similar in tastes and habits; friendly; suited to |
| congenital | A trait or condition acquired between conception and birth; innate |
| congregate | to get together |
| conjecture | To guess; to deduce or infer on slight evidence |
| conjugal | pertaining to marriage agreement |
| conjure | To summon or bring into being as if by magic. he conjured wild birds in the air |
| consecrate | to make holy or set apart for a high purpose, bless, hallow, sanctify |
| consensus | Unanimity or general agreement (ঐক্যমত্য). the lack of consensus reflected differences in theoretical positions |
| consign | to hand over; to assign; to entrust; to banish |
| consternation | sudden confusion |
| construe | interpreted in a particular way, interpret, see |
| consummate | having or revealing supreme mastery or skill, masterful, masterly, virtuoso |
| contingent | a gathering of persons representative of some larger group |
| contretemps | an embarrassing occurrence; a mishap / cf. IMBROGLIO |
| contrition | the feeling of remorse or guilt that comes from doing something bad, attrition, contriteness |
| convene | to gather together; to assemble; to meet |
| convention | practice widely observed in a group; custom; accepted technique or device |
| conventional | common; customary; unexceptional |
| converge | (v) move towards one another or towards a point; unite |
| conviction | strong belief; a determination of guilt |
| convivial | describing a lively atmosphere |
| cornucopia | an abundant supply of something good, profuseness, profusion, richness |
| corollary | a practical consequence that follows naturally |
| corporeal | material; tangible; having substance like the body |
| corpulent | fat |
| cosmopolitan | comprising many cultures; global in reach and outlook, ecumenical, general, oecumenical, universal, world-wide, worldwide |
| cosset | Treat as a pet, pamper |
| coterie | Close or exclusive group, clique |
| covert | (adj) secret, veiled, undercover |
| covet | to wish for enviously;Wish, long, or crave for (something, especially the property of another person). she covets for her sister's house |
| cower | showing fear, to cringe in fear |
| coy | shy, modest; shyly flirtatious; calculating |
| cozen | to mislead by trick or fraud; decieve |
| credence | belief in something |
| crescendo | steadily increasing in volume or force |
| cringe | cower, to shrink in fear |
| criterion | standard; basis for judgment |
| crux | the central point; the essence |
| cryptic | mysterious or vague, usually intentionally, cabalistic, cryptical, kabbalistic, qabalistic, sibylline |
| culminate | reach the highest or most decisive point, climax |
| culpability | a state of guilt, blameworthiness, culpableness |
| culpable | deserving blame |
| curb | to restrain or control |
| cursory | hasty; superficial;(ভাসা ভাসা)। a cursory inspection failed to reveal the house's structural flaws |
| curtail | to shorten; to cut short ... |
| debacle | n. rout, fiasco, complete failure |
| debase | reduce the quality or value of something, adulterate, dilute, load, stretch |
| debauchery | corruption |
| debilitate | to weaken; to cripple;enervate। Life in the camp debilitated him |
| decimate | to kill or destroy a large part of 10:1;Kill one in every ten, as of mutineers in Roman armies. the plague decimated an entire population |
| declivity | Downward slope |
| deduce | to conclude from evidence; to infer |
| deface | (v) vandalize, mar the appearance of |
| defame | to malign; harm someone's reputation |
| default | (n, v) failure to act, neglect (noun); fail to fulfill an obligation, esp. a financial one (verb) |
| definitive | conclusive; providing the last word |
| deft | skillful, dexterous |
| degenerate | to break down; to deteriorate (ধসিয়ে দেওয়া) |
| delectable | delightful; delicious |
| delude | to deceive |
| demagogue | A leader who lies and gains power by arousing the passions and especially prejudices of the people |
| demise | death |
| demote | to lower in rank |
| denizen | an inhabitant; a regular visitor |
| denote | be a sign or indication of; have as a meaning, refer |
| denounce | to condemn |
| deplete | to decrease the supply of; to exhaust; to use up <-> REPLETE |
| deplore | to regret; to condemn; to lament |
| deploy | to station soldiers or armaments strategically; to arrange strategically |
| depravity | extreme wickedness or corruption;Moral perversion; impairment of virtue and moral principles. its brothels, its opium parlours, its depravity |
| deprecate | to express disapproval of |
| derogatory | disapproving; degrading;disparaging |
| descry | to perceive something, especially something hard to see; to discern |
| despondent | extremely depressed; full of despair |
| despot | a cruel and oppressive dictator, autocrat, tyrant |
| destitute | poor enough to need help from others, impoverished, indigent, necessitous, needy, poverty-stricken |
| desuetude | state of disuse |
| deterrent | (n) something that restrains or discourages |
| detraction | the act of taking away |
| devoid | empty |
| dexterous | skillful, adroit |
| dichotomy | Division into two parts or into two contradictory groups |
| dictum | Formal or authoritative pronouncement; saying or proverb |
| diffidence | shyness; lack of confidence |
| diffuse | Spread widely, disseminate (verb); dispersed, widely spread out, or wordy and going off-topic (adj) |
| din | (n) loud, confused noise, esp. for a long period of time |
| dire | disastrous; desperate |
| discern | to perceive or recognize |
| discerning | (adj) having good judgment or insight; able to distinguish mentally |
| disconcert | confuse; to upset; to ruffle; to perturb |
| discredit | (v) injure the reputation of, destroy credibility of or confidence in |
| discreet | careful to protect one's speech or actions in order to avoid offense or gain an advantage |
| discrepancy | (n) difference or inconsistency |
| discretion | quality of showing self-restraint in speech or actions |
| discriminate | recognize or perceive the difference, know apart,separate |
| disdain | arrogant scorn; contempt (অবজ্ঞা) |
| disjointed | (adj) disconnected, not coherent, jerky; having the joints separated |
| dismal | gloomy; dreary; causing gloom; causing dread |
| dismay | dread; to fill with dread; to discourage greatly; to perturb |
| dismiss | (v) allow to disperse or leave; fire from a job; put aside or reject, esp. after only a brief consideration |
| dispassionate | unaffected by strong emotion or prejudice, cold-eyed |
| dispatch | the property of being prompt and efficient, despatch, expedition, expeditiousness |
| dispirit | discourage, to dishearten, make dejected; to lose spirit |
| dissident | person who disagrees about beliefs |
| dissipate | squander or spend money frivolously, fool, fool away, fritter, fritter away, frivol away, shoot |
| distaff | Female, esp. relating to the maternal side of the family; women or women's work; a staff that holds wool or flax for spinning |
| distill | (v) purify; extract the essential elements of |
| distrait | inattentive; preoccupied |
| dither | Act indecisively (verb); a state of fear or trembling excitement |
| diurnal | Occurring every day; happening in the daytime (rather than at night) |
| diverge | (v) differ, deviate; branch off or turn aside, as from a path |
| Divest | (v) deprive or strip of rank, title, etc., or of clothing or gear; to sell off holdings (opposite of invest) |
| Divine | (v) discover through divination or supernatural means; perceive by insight |
| docile | easily handled or managed; willing to be taught or led or supervised or directed, gentle |
| Document | (v) support with evidence, cite sources in a detailed way, create documentary evidence of |
| doggerel | poor verse |
| doldrums | low spirits; a state of inactivity |
| Dormant | (adj) asleep, inactive, on a break |
| dour | sullen and gloomy, stern and severe; forbidding |
| dovetail | fit together tightly, as if by means of a interlocking joint, dovetail joint |
| draconian | harsh; severe; cruel |
| drawl | to speak with drawn-out vowels; to speak slowly |
| droll | Funny in an odd way |
| drone | speak in a monotonic voice; to talk on and on in a dull way |
| Dubious | (adj) doubtful, questionable, suspect |
| dulcet | melodious, harmonious, mellifluous |
| duplicity | deceitfulness, pretending to want one thing but interested in something else, fraudulence |
| dyspeptic | Grumpy, pessimistic, irritable; suffering from dyspepsia (indigestion) |
| ecclesiastical | churchly |
| edify | Uplift, enlighten, instruct or improve in a spiritual or moral way |
| edifying | enlightening or uplifting so as to encourage intellectual or moral improvement, enlightening |
| efface | Vt to erase; to rub away the features of eclipse Cf effaceable effacement |
| effectual | efficient; effective; adequate <-> INEFFECTUAL |
| effigy | Representation or image of a person, esp. a crude facsimile used to mock a hated person |
| effusive | gushing, excessively demonstrative |
| Egalitarian | (adj) related to the belief in the equality of all people, esp. in political, economic, or social spheres |
| egregious | standing out in negative way; shockingly bad, crying, flagrant, glaring, gross, rank |
| egress | An exit or the action of exiting |
| Ellipsis | ellipsoid |
| elliptical | Adj oval; missing a word or words; obscure |
| elusive | difficult to capture or difficult to remember, baffling, knotty, problematic, problematical, tough |
| emaciated | thin and wasted |
| emanate | to express a feeling or quality through the way one looks; to come forth; to issue |
| emancipate | to liberate; to free from bondage or restraint |
| embody | personify |
| emend | correct; to change |
| emollient | soothing; mollifying |
| empathy | identification with the feelings or thoughts of another |
| enfranchise | V to grant the privileges of citizenship especially the right to vote |
| engaging | enchanting, charming |
| Enhance | (v) raise to a higher value, desirability, etc. |
| enigmatic | mysterious, obscure, difficult to understand |
| ensue | to follow immediately afterward; to result |
| envision | imagine =+ ENVISAGE |
| epigram | a witty saying, quip |
| epitome | n. embodiment, quintessence |
| equable | steady; unvarying; serene |
| equitable | fair to all parties as dictated by reason and conscience, just |
| equivocal | confusing or ambiguous |
| espouse | to adopt or support an idea or cause, adopt, embrace, sweep up |
| essay | to make an attempt; subject to a test |
| ethereal | characterized by lightness and insubstantiality, aerial, aeriform, aery, airy |
| ethos | The character, personality, or moral values specific to a person, group, time period, etc. |
| euphony | Pleasing or sweet sound, especially as formed by a harmonious use of words |
| euphoria | a feeling of great (usually exaggerated) elation, euphory |
| evoke | to summon forth; to draw forth; to awaken; to produce or suggest |
| exact | to force the payment of; demand and obtain by authority |
| exacting | requiring and demanding accuracy, exigent,stern, strict |
| exalt | praise or glorify, extol, glorify, laud, proclaim |
| exasperate | to irritate intensely, aggravate, exacerbate, exacerbate, worsen, incense, infuriate |
| excoriate | to criticize very harshly, condemn, decry, objurgate, reprobate |
| exemplar | something to be imitated, example, good example, model |
| exemplify | be characteristic of, represent |
| exempt | excused; not subject to |
| Exhaustive | (adj) comprehensive, thorough, exhausting a topic or subject, accounting for all possibilities; draining, tending to exhaust |
| exhume | to unbury; to dig out of the ground / re POSTHUMOUS |
| exigency | crisis; urgent requirements |
| existential | having to do with existence |
| expatiate | to speak or write at length |
| expatriate | to send into exile |
| expedient | Suitable, proper; effective, often at the expense of ethics or other considerations |
| expedite | V to speed up or ease the progress of |
| Explicit | (adj) direct, clear, fully revealed; clearly depicting sex or nudity |
| Exponent | (n) person who expounds or explains; champion, advocate, or representative |
| extirpate | to root up; to destroy |
| extol | V to praise highly; to laud (কীর্তন করা) |
| Extraneous | (adj) irrelevant; foreign, coming from without, not belonging |
| extrapolate | draw from specific cases for more general cases, generalise, generalize, infer |
| extricate | V to free from difficulty (উদ্ধার করা) |
| exuberant | highly joyous or enthusiastic; overflowing; lavish / EXUBERANTLY / EXUBERANCE |
| facet | aspect |
| facile | arrived at without due care or effort; lacking depth |
| Facilitate | (v) make easier, help the progress of |
| faction | Group or clique within a larger organization; party strife and dissension |
| farcical | Adj absurd; ludicrous |
| fauna | animals of a period o region |
| feckless | lazy and irresponsible, inept |
| feign | to make a false representation of; to pretend / FEINT n. |
| felicity | the state of or something that causes happiness |
| fervent | greatly emotional or zealous |
| fervid | Very hot; heated in passion or enthusiasm |
| fervor | warmth and intensity of emotion |
| fiasco | a complete failure or disaster; an incredible screwup |
| fiat | arbitray order; authorization |
| fickle | liable to sudden unpredictable change, esp. in affections or attachments, erratic, mercurial, quicksilver |
| Fidelity | (n) faithful, loyalty; strict observance of duty; accuracy in reproducing a sound or image |
| Figurative | (adj) metaphorical, based on figures of speech; containing many figures of speech (as fancy-sounding writing); related to portraying human or animals figures |
| filibuster | use of obstructive tactics in a legislature to block passage of a law |
| Finesse | (n, v) extreme delicacy, subtlety, or diplomacy in handling a sensitive situation or in a performance or skill (noun); use tact or diplomacy; employ a deceptive strategy (verb) |
| fitful | irregular; subject to sudden, violent outbursts |
| flagrant | Adj glaringly bad; notorious; scandalous |
| flaunt | V show off; to display ostentatiously |
| fledgling | young and inexperienced; describing any new participant in some activity, callow, unfledged,entrant, fledgeling, freshman, neophyte, newbie, newcomer, starter, |
| flux | a state of uncertainty about what should be done (usually following some important event) |
| foible | a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individual, idiosyncrasy, mannerism |
| folly | foolishness; insanity; imprudence |
| forbear | to refrain from |
| forbearance | patience |
| forgo | v to do without ; to forbear |
| forsake | v to abandon ; to renounce ; to relinquish (পরিত্যাগ করা ) |
| foster | to encourange; to promote the development of |
| founder | to sink; fail; colapse |
| fragmentary | incomplete; disconnected; made up of fragments |
| fraternal | a like brothers |
| frenetic | Wildly excited, frantic, distracted |
| froward | stubbornly contrary; obstinately disobedient |
| frugality | thrift |
| fruition | realization, completion |
| galvanize | to excite or inspire (someone) to action, galvanise, startle |
| gaunt | thin and bony, especially from illness or lack of food |
| generic | general; common; not protected by trademark |
| genteel | marked by refinement in taste and manners, civilised, civilized, cultivated, cultured, polite |
| gerrymander | to manipulate voting districts in order to favor a particular political party |
| gestation | Pregnancy; the period from conception until birth of an animal or (metaphorically) of an idea or plan |
| gloat | to brag greatly |
| glower | Stare in an angry, sullen way |
| glut | an excessive supply, oversupply, surfeit |
| glutton | one who eats or consumes excessively; an excessively greedy eater |
| gouge | Scooping or digging tool, like a chisel, or a hole made with such a tool (noun); cut or scoop out; force out a person's eye with one's thumb; swindle, extort money from (verb) |
| Gradation | (n) a progression, a process taking place gradually, in stages; one of these stages |
| graft | corruption, usually through bribery |
| grandiose | a absurdly exaggerated |
| gratuitous | a given freely said of something bad ; unjustified ; unprovoked ; uncalled for |
| grievous | Causing grief or suffering; very serious, grave; flagrant, outrageous |
| grill | to question aggressively |
| grimace | to make an ugly, disapproving facial expression |
| guise | outward appearance; false appearance |
| hallow | v. to set apart as holy |
| hallowed | holy; sacred |
| hapless | Unlucky, unfortunate |
| harass | to attack repeatedly; to torment or pester |
| harrow | Farming tool that breaks up soil (noun); painfully disturb or distress (verb) |
| hedge | to limit or qualify a statement; to avoid making a direct statement, circumvent, dodge, duck, elude, evade, fudge, parry, put off, sidestep, skirt |
| Hedonist | (n) person devoted to pleasure |
| heed | follow advice; to listen to |
| heinous | shockingly evil; abominable; atrocious |
| herald | harbinger; a royal proclaimer |
| heresy | n any belief that is strongly opposed to established beliefs |
| heterodoxy | an idea that departs from what is accepted |
| Heterogeneous | (adj) different in type, incongruous; composed of different types of elements |
| heyday | the pinnacle or top of a time period or career, bloom, blossom, efflorescence, flower, flush, peak, prime |
| hidebound | narrow or rigid in opinion, inflexible, oriented toward or confined to the past, extremely conservative |
| Hierarchy | (n) a ranked series; a classification of people according to rank, ability, etc.; a ruling body |
| hirsute | covered with hair |
| histrionic | to be overly theatrical, melodramatic |
| hoard | to accumulate; to save constantly |
| hodgepodge | a confusing mixture or jumble, farrago, gallimaufry, hotchpotch, melange, mingle-mangle, mishmash, oddments, odds and ends, omnium-gatherum, ragbag |
| hone | to sharpen |
| hoodwink | to deceive or trick someone, bamboozle, lead by the nose, play false, pull the wool over someone's eyes, snow |
| hortatory | urging to some course of conduct or action, encouraging |
| hubris | overbearing pride or presumption |
| humility | being humble |
| husband | Manage prudently, sparingly, or economically; conserve |
| hypocritical | deceiving, two-faced |
| illiberality | (n) narrow-mindedness, bigotry; strictness or lack of generosity |
| illicit | contrary to or forbidden by law, illegitimate, outlaw, outlawed, unlawful |
| imbue | Permeate or saturate, as dye in a fabric; influence throughout |
| Impair | (v) make worse, weaken |
| impartial | free from undue bias or preconceived opinions, unprejudiced |
| impasse | Position or road from which there is no escape; deadlock |
| impeccable | without fault or error, faultless, immaculate |
| imperative | completely necessary; vitally important |
| impious | Not religious, lacking reverence, ungodly |
| implausible | describing a statement that is not believable, farfetched |
| Implicit | (adj) implied, not stated directly; involved in the very essence of something, unquestionable |
| Implode | (v) burst inward |
| impromptu | done without preparation, on the spur of the moment |
| improvise | to perform without preparation; to make do with whatever materials are available |
| impudent | improperly forward or bold, arch, audacious, bold, bold-faced, brash, brassbound, brassy, brazen, brazen-faced, cheeky, cocksure, cocky, fresh, impertinent, nervy, insolent, sassy, saucy, wise |
| impunity | n. immunity from punishment, penalty, or harm |
| inadvertent | happening by chance or unexpectedly or unintentionally, accidental |
| inalienable | cannot be transferred |
| inane | a silly ; senseless. Mel made a few inane comments about the importance of chewing only on the left side of one's mouth |
| inaugurate | v to begin officially ; to induct formally into office |
| incantation | n a chant ; singing or chanting of magical formula, the repetition of statements or phrases in a way reminiscent of a chant (জাদুমন্ত্র) |
| incarnadine | Blood red or flesh-colored |
| incarnate | having bodily form |
| incense | make furious, exasperate, infuriate |
| incessant | uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing, ceaseless, constant, never-ending, perpetual, unceasing, unremitting |
| incisive | having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions, acute, discriminating, keen, knifelike, penetrating, penetrative, piercing, sharp |
| incongruous | lacking in harmony or compatibility or appropriateness |
| Incorporate | (v) combine, unite; form a legal corporation; embody, give physical form to |
| increment | n an increase ; one in a series of increases |
| inculcate | Teach persistently, implant (an idea) in a person |
| incursion | sudden invasion |
| indecorous | not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society, indecent, unbecoming, uncomely, unseemly, untoward |
| indefatigable | Untiring, not able to become fatigued |
| Indeterminate | (adj) not fixed or determined, indefinite; vague |
| indigence | Extreme poverty |
| indigenous | originating in a certain area, autochthonal, autochthonic, autochthonous, endemic |
| indignant | feeling anger over a perceived injustice, incensed, outraged, umbrageous |
| indomitable | invincible; unconquerable |
| indulgent | lenient ; yielding to desire (প্রশ্রয়পূর্ণ). An indulgent parent |
| inept | a clumsy ; incompetent ; gauche (অসমর্থ) |
| infatuated | a foolish ; foolishly passionate or attracted ; made foolish ; foolishly in love. he was infatuated with her |
| infelicitous | inappropriate |
| infinitesimal | a very very very small ; infinitely small (ক্ষুদ্রাতিক্ষুদ্র) |
| infraction | violation |
| infuse | inspire, instill |
| ingenious | characterized by skill and imagination |
| ingrate | Ungrateful person |
| inimitable | defying imitation; matchless |
| iniquitous | characterized by wickedness |
| innate | a existing since birth ; inborn ; inherent |
| innuendo | an insinuation; a sly hint |
| inordinate | Excessive, not within proper limits, unrestrained |
| inquest | Legal or judicial inquiry, especially before a jury and especially made by a coroner into the cause of someone's death; the results of such an inquiry |
| inquisitive | curious |
| insatiable | a hard or impossible to satisfy ; greedy ; avaricious |
| inscrutable | not easily understood; unfathomable, cryptic, cryptical, deep, mysterious, mystifying |
| insidious | working in a subtle but destructive way, pernicious, subtle |
| insinuate | Hint, suggest slyly; introduce (an idea) into someone's mind in a subtle, artful way |
| insolent | rude and arrogant |
| insouciant | indifferent; lacking concern or care |
| insubordinate | disorbedient; not to acknowledge the authority of a superior / INSUBORDINATION |
| insuperable | insurmountable; unconquerable |
| insurrection | Rebellion or revolt against a government or similarly established authority |
| integral | a essential |
| inter | Bury (a dead body) or place in a tomb |
| interdict | to forbid; prohibit |
| interminable | seemingly unending; tediously long |
| internecine | (of conflict) within a group or organization |
| intervene | to come between opposing groups; to mediate; to take place; to occur between times |
| intimation | an indirect suggestion, breath, hint |
| intricate | complicated; sophisticated; having many parts or facets |
| Intrinsic | (adj) belonging to the essential nature of a thing |
| introspective | contemplating one's own thoughts and feelings |
| inured | hardened; accustomed; used to |
| inveigh | to disapprove; protest vehemently |
| investiture | Investing; formally giving someone a right or title |
| invoke | to entreat or pray for; to call on as in prayer; to declare to be in effect / vs. EVOKE |
| irrevocable | incapable of being retracted or revoked, irrevokable |
| itinerary | Travel schedule; detailed plan for a journey |
| jaunty | lighthearted, springtly or dapper |
| jejune | dull; lacking flavor, insubstantial,insipid, immature; childish, adolescent, juvenile, puerile |
| jest | joke |
| jettison | Discard, cast off; throw items overboard in order to lighten a ship in an emergency |
| jibe | to be in agreement |
| jocose | fond of joking; jocular |
| Judicious | (adj) using good judgment; wise, sensible |
| juggernaut | a force that cannot be stopped, steamroller |
| Juncture | (n) critical point in time, such as a crisis or a time when a decision is necessary; a place where two things are joined together |
| junta | an aggressive takeover by a group (usually military) |
| Keen | (adj) sharp, piercing; very perceptive or mentally sharp; intense (of a feeling) |
| kindle | Ignite, cause to begin burning; incite, arouse, inflame |
| knell | The sound made by a bell for a funeral, or any sad sound or signal of a failure, death, ending, etc. (noun); to make such a sound (verb) |
| labile | likely to change |
| Lament | (v, n) mourn; express grief, sorrow, or regret (verb); an expression of grief, esp. as a song or poem (noun) |
| larceny | Theft |
| largess | extreme generosity and giving, largesse, magnanimity, munificence, openhandedness |
| lascivious | lecherous; sexually perverted, lewd, libidinous, lustful |
| latitude | freedom |
| legerdemain | Slight-of-hand (magic as performed by a magician); trickery or deception |
| lethargy | n sluggishness ; laziness ; drowsiness ; indifference |
| libel | n a written or published falsehood that injures the reputation of or defames someone (বিদ্বেষপূর্ণ কুত্সা প্রচার) |
| licentious | Sexually unrestrained; immoral; ignoring the rules |
| limn | to draw, describe |
| lissome | Flexible, supple, agile |
| listless | Spiritless, lacking interest or energy |
| litany | any long and tedious account of something |
| livid | Furiously angry, enraged |
| Log | (v, n) keep a record of, write down; travel for or at a certain distance or speed (verb); a written record (noun) |
| ludicrous | ridiculous; absurd |
| lure | entice; an attraction |
| machination | plot or scheme |
| magnanimity | n. the quality of being generously noble in mind and heart, especially in forgiving |
| magnanimous | noble and generous in spirit, especially towards a rival or someone less powerful, greathearted |
| magnate | Very important or influential person, esp. in business |
| maladroit | clumsy |
| malaise | n a feeling of depression uneasiness or queasiness, uneasiness, distress |
| malediction | A curse |
| malevolent | wishing or appearing to wish evil to others; arising from intense ill will or hatred, evil, malefic, malign |
| malfeasance | misconduct or wrongdoing (especially by a public official) |
| mandate | n a command or authorization to do something ; the will of the voters as expressed by the results of an election |
| manifest | Obvious, apparent, perceptible to the eye (adj); to show, make clear, or prove (verb) |
| mannered | Having a particular manner, esp. an artificial one |
| mar | Damage, spoil, ruin |
| marginal | related to or located at the margin or border; at the lower limit of quality; insignificant |
| martyr | n someone who gives up his or her life in pursuit of a cause especially a religious one ; one who suffers for a cause ; one who makes a show of suffering in order to arouse sympathy |
| matriculate | v to enroll especially at a college |
| maunder | wander aimlessly |
| maxim | a short saying expressing a general truth, axiom |
| meager | thin; of small quantity |
| mediate | v to help settle differences (মধ্যস্থতা করা) |
| melancholy | a deep, long-lasting sadness |
| mellifluous | smooth and sweet-sounding, dulcet, honeyed, mellisonant, sweet |
| mendacity | the tendency to be untruthful. |
| mentor | n a teacher tutor counselor or coach ; especially in business an experienced person who shows an inexperienced person the ropes teacher tutor |
| mercenary | n a hired soldier ; someone who will do anything for money;A person hired to fight for another country than their own;soldier of fortune |
| mesmerize | to spellbind or enthrall, bewitch, magnetise, magnetize, mesmerise |
| Metamorphosis | (n) a complete change or transformer (in biology, a change such as a caterpillar becoming a pupa and then a butterfly) |
| minatory | threatening; menacing |
| mire | marsh, mucky ground |
| mirth | Jollity, merriment; amusement or laughter |
| misanthropic | a hating mankind |
| miscreant | a person who breaks the law, reprobate |
| missive | Letter, written message |
| molt | Shed or cast off, esp. to regularly shed skin, feathers, etc. (as a snake) |
| momentum | an impetus; force of movement; speed |
| monastic | Relating to or resembling a monastery (where monks or nuns live), esp. by being quiet, secluded, contemplative, strict, and/or lacking luxuries |
| moratorium | a suspension of activity; a period of delay |
| Mores | (n) customs, manners, or morals of a particular group |
| mortify | a to humiliate |
| motley | many colored; made up of many parts |
| munificent | very generous, lavish, overgenerous, too-generous, unsparing, unstinted, unstinting |
| Naive | (adj) simple and unsophisticated, unsuspecting, lacking worldly experience and critical judgment |
| narcissism | n excessive love of ones body or oneself |
| natty | trimly neat and tidy, dapper |
| Negate | (v) deny or refute; make void or cause to be ineffective |
| Nemesis | unconquerable oppoment or rival; one who seeks just compensation or revenge to right a wrong; goddess of divine retribution |
| nettlesome | causing irritation or annoyance, annoying, bothersome, galling, irritating, pesky, pestering, pestiferous, plaguey, plaguy, teasing, vexatious, vexing |
| nexus | a means of connection; a center |
| nice | exacting, extremely or even excessively precise, done with delicacy or skill |
| nihilism | n the belief that there are no values or morals in the universe |
| nominal | Trivial, so small as to be unimportant; in name only, so-called |
| normative | Implying or attempting to establish a norm; expressing value judgments or telling people what to do (rather than merely describing that which is happening) |
| nostrum | medicine or remedy of doubtful effectiveness |
| notorious | a famous for something bad |
| nuisance | annoyance |
| nullify | to repeal; to cancel; to void / vs. ANNUL: to cancel or make void a marriage or a law |
| numismatics | coin collecting |
| obeisance | n. gesture that expresses deference, such as a bow or curtsy |
| objurgate | express strong disapproval of, condemn, decry, excoriate, reprobate |
| obliterate | to wipe out; to destroy completely |
| obstreperous | noisily and stubbornly defiant; willfully difficult to control, casual, insouciant |
| obtain | be valid, applicable, or true, hold, prevail |
| obtrusive | interfering; meddlesome; having a tendency to butt in |
| obtuse | slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity; lacking in insight or discernment, dense, dim, dull, dumb, slow |
| odyssey | a long, adventurous voyage; a quest |
| olfactory | concerning the sense of smell |
| oligarchy | form of government in which power belongs to only a few leaders |
| omnipotent | to be all-powerful |
| omniscient | all-knowing; having infinite wisdom |
| opine | Express an opinion |
| orotund | Full, rich, and clear (of the voice or speaking); pompous, bombastic |
| oust | to eject; to expel; to banish |
| override | to overrule; to prevail over |
| overweening | arrogant; presumptuous, excessive, extravagant, exuberant,uppity |
| overwrought | Overly nervous, agitated, or excited; too ornate, elaborate, or fussy; overdone |
| pacify | v to calm someone down ; to placate |
| paean | song of joy or triumph; a fervent expression of joy |
| painstaking | a extremely careful ; taking pains =pains-taking = taking pains |
| palatial | Suitable for or resembling a palace, magnificent |
| pallor | paleness; whiteness |
| palpable | a capable of being touched ; obvious ; tangible |
| paltry | a insignificant ; worthless |
| pan | to criticize harshly |
| panacea | hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; a universal solution, catholicon, cure-all, nostrum |
| pandemic | widespread, occurring over a large area or affecting an unusually large percentage of the population |
| panoply | Splendid, wide-ranging, impressive display or array |
| paranoid | ... |
| pare | Peel or cut off the outer layer (such as peeling fruit with a knife), reduce or trim as if cutting off the outer parts |
| parley | Discussion, negotiation, esp. between enemies (noun); to have such a discussion (verb) |
| paroxysm | outburst, convulsion; (감정의) 격발; 발작적 활동; (주기적) 발작 |
| pastiche | Mix of incongruous parts; artistic work imitating the work of other artists, often satirically |
| pastoral | relating to the countryside in a pleasant sense, arcadian, bucolic |
| patent | glaringly obvious, apparent, evident, manifest, plain, unmistakable |
| paternal | a fatherly ; fatherlike |
| pathogenic | Capable of producing disease |
| Pathological | (adj) relating to or caused by disease; relating to compulsive bad behavior |
| pathology | n the science of diseases |
| patriarch | n the male head of a family or tribe |
| patrician | n a person of noble birth ; an aristocrat ; |
| patronize | treat condescendingly, condescend, patronise |
| pensive | a thoughtful and sad |
| penurious | lacking money; poor, hard up, impecunious, in straitened circumstances, penniless, pinched, parsimonious |
| peregrinate | Travel from place to place, esp. on foot |
| peregrination | wandering from place to place |
| peremptory | bossy and domineering, autocratic, bossy, dominating, high-and-mighty, magisterial |
| periphery | n the outside edge of something ;outer boundary |
| perjury | n lying under oath (মিথ্যা হলফ) |
| Permeate | (v) spread or penetrate throughout |
| perpetrate | carry out or commit (a harmful, illegal, or immoral action) / PERPETRATOR: the one who committed the act |
| personable | pleasing in appearance, attractive |
| pertinent | having precise or logical relevance to the matter at hand, apposite, apt |
| perturb | disturb in mind or cause to be worried or alarmed, cark, disorder, disquiet, distract, trouble, unhinge |
| peruse | to read very carefully |
| phalanx | Formation of soldiers carrying shields close together for defense; any very close group of people |
| Philanthropy | (n) efforts to improve the well-being of humankind, generally through giving money |
| pillory | ridicule or expose to public scorn, gibbet |
| pine | to yearn for, ache, languish, yearn, yen |
| piquant | having an agreeably pungent taste, savory, savoury, spicy, zesty |
| pique | fleeting feeling or hurt pride |
| pith | the most essential part of something, center, centre, core, essence, gist, heart, heart and soul, inwardness, kernel, marrow, meat, nitty-gritty, nub, substance, sum |
| pithy | concise and full of meaning, sententious |
| pivotal | a crucial crucial. a pivotal event |
| platonic | spiritual; theoretical |
| plebeian | crude or coarse; characteristic of commoners |
| pliable | flexible; easy to bend; easy to convince, persuade, or mold / PLIABILITY |
| plunder | to loot; to ransack; 약탈하다, 강탈하다, 빼앗다, 약탈 |
| plutocracy | Rule by the wealthy |
| polarize | v to break up into opposing factions or groupings |
| polemical | controversial, argumentative |
| politic | Shrewd, pragmatic; tactful or diplomatic |
| polyglot | Speaking or composed of many languages (of a person, book, etc.); a person who knows several languages |
| ponderous | weighed-down; moving slowly, heavy, lumbering |
| porous | full of holes; permeable to liquids |
| portent | n an omen ; a sign of something coming in the future. he looked for a portent before going into battle |
| portentous | ominously prophetic, fateful, foreboding |
| postulate | n something accepted as true without proof ; and axiom |
| Potentate | (n) ruler, person of great power |
| prate | to talk idly; chatter |
| Preamble | (n) introductory statement, preface |
| precipitous | done with very great haste and without due deliberation, hasty, overhasty, precipitant, precipitate |
| preclude | keep from happening or arising; make impossible, forbid, foreclose, forestall, prevent |
| predecessor | someone or something that precedes in time <-> SUCCESSOR: comes after |
| predilection | a strong liking, penchant, preference, taste |
| predominant | most important; dominant; having power over others |
| preempt | take the place of or have precedence over, displace |
| preemptive | done before someone else can do it |
| preen | v. to dress up, primp, groom oneself with elaborate care, in animals to clean fur or feathers |
| presage | to foretell; indicate in advance |
| prescience | the power to foresee the future, prevision |
| prescient | Having foreknowledge or foresight, seeing the future |
| preternatural | Supernatural, exceptional |
| primacy | the state of being first in importance |
| problematic | posing a problem; doubtful |
| procure | to obtain or acquire by special means / PROCURABLE / PROCUREMENT |
| Profound | (adj) very insightful, penetrating deeply into a subject; pervasive intense, "down to the very bottom;" at the very bottom |
| profuse | plentiful; pouring out in abundance, exuberant, lush, luxuriant, riotous |
| profusion | the property of being extremely abundant, cornucopia, profuseness, richness |
| Prohibitive | (adj) tending to forbid something, or serving to prevent something |
| prolix | Excessively long and wordy (of a person, piece of writing, etc.) |
| promulgate | state or announce, exclaim, proclaim |
| propinquity | nearness in time or place, affinity of nature, kinship |
| propitious | presenting favorable circumstances; likely to result in or show signs of success |
| propound | to set forth or propose; to offer for consideration |
| proprietary | associated with ownership |
| prosaic | dull and lacking imagination, earthbound, pedestrian, prosy,commonplace, humdrum, unglamorous, unglamourous |
| provident | careful in regard to your own interests; providing carefully for the future |
| providential | Lucky, fortunate, or relating to divine care (the idea that a deity has helped or cared for a person) |
| provincial | characteristic of the a limited perspective; not fashionable or sophisticated |
| Prudent | (adj) wise in practical matters, carefully providing for the future |
| pseudonym | a false name; an alias |
| pugilism | boxing, fighting with the fists |
| pugnacious | eager to fight or argue; verbally combative |
| puissant | powerful |
| pulchritude | Physical beauty |
| punctilious | marked by precise accordance with details, meticulous |
| pundit | someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field, initiate, learned person, savant |
| putrefy | v. to rot, decay, and give off a foul odor, became gangrenous |
| quail | draw back, as with fear or pain, cringe, flinch, funk, recoil, shrink, squinch, wince |
| quaint | pleasantly old-fashioned; picturesque |
| Qualified | (adj) modified, limited, conditional on something else |
| qualify | to be eligible for a role, status, or benefit by meeting specific requirements, measure up |
| qualm | uneasiness about the fitness of an action, misgiving, scruple |
| quandary | state of uncertainty or perplexity especially as requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options, dilemma |
| quell | to put an end to; to squelch; to suppress |
| query | question |
| Quibble | (v) make trivial arguments or criticisms, find faults in a petty way, esp. to evade something more important |
| quiescence | n. stillness, motionlessness, quality of being at rest |
| rail | to scold with bitter or abusive language |
| ramification | implication, consequence |
| rampant | widespread; uncontrollable; prevalent; raging |
| rapacious | voracious, greedy, plundering, subsisting on prey |
| rarefy | to make thinner or sparser |
| rationale | fundamental reason |
| raucous | stridently loud; harsh; rowdy |
| reactionary | ultraconservative; right-wing; backward-thinking; 반동의, 반작용의, 반발적인; 극우적인, 보수적인, 복고적인; 역진하는 |
| rebuff | to snub; to reject; 거절하다, 퇴짜놓다, 저지하다 |
| rebuke | criticize severely or angrily; censure, bawl out, berate, call down, call on the carpet, chew out, chew up, chide, dress down, have words, jaw, lambast, lambaste, lecture, rag, remonstrate, reprimand, reproof, scold, take to task, trounce |
| rebut | v to contradict; to argue in opposition to; to prove to be false |
| recapitulate | Summarize, repeat in a concise way |
| recidivism | the act of repeating an offense; 재범자, 상습범 |
| reciprocal | a mutual; shared; interchangeable mutual |
| Recluse | (n) person who lives in seclusion |
| reconnoiter | v. to engage in reconnaissance, make a preliminary inspection of |
| redeem | to buy back; to fulfill; to make up for; to rescue from sin / REDEMPTION |
| redoubtable | inspiring fear or awe, formidable, unnerving |
| redundant | a unnecessarily repetitive; excessive; excessively wordy |
| regale | to entertain |
| reiterate | v to say again; to repeat (পুনরাবৃত্তি করা) |
| rejoinder | Response or reply, esp. a witty comeback |
| relentless | a continuous; unstoppable |
| relinquish | v to release or let go of; to surrender; to stop doing (পরিত্যাগ করা)। I am relinquishing my bedroom to the long-term house guest |
| remonstrate | to make objections while pleading, bawl out, berate, call down, call on the carpet, chew out, chew up, chide, dress down, have words, jaw, lambast, lambaste, lecture, rag, rebuke, reprimand, reproof, scold, take to task, trounce |
| renege | fail to fulfill a promise or obligation, go back on, renege on, renegue on |
| renounce | v to give up formally or resign; to disown; to have nothing to do with anymore |
| rent | v. torn, split apart, pierced as by a sound |
| reparation | amends, compensation |
| repast | A meal (noun); to eat or feast (verb) |
| repine | fret, complain |
| replicate | to reproduce exactly; to duplicate; to repeat |
| repose | The act or state of resting; peacefulness, tranquility; lying dead in a grave |
| repress | to hold back; to conceal from conself; to suppress |
| Requite | (v) reciprocate, repay, or revenge |
| resolute | adamant, steadfast, determined |
| Resolution | (n) the quality of being firmly determined; resolving to do something; a formal judgment, esp. decided by a vote |
| resplendent | brilliantly shining; radiant; dazzling |
| resurgent | rising again as to new life and vigor, renascent |
| retort | to make a sharp reply |
| revile | to scold abusively; to berate; to denounce |
| revulsion | loathing; repugnance; disgust |
| rotund | round in shape, fat |
| rubric | protocol, title or heading |
| rudimentary | being in the earliest stages of development; being or involving basic facts or principles, fundamental, underlying |
| ruminate | Turn over in the mind, reflect on; chew cud (as a cow) |
| Sacrosanct | (adj) sacred, inviolable, not to be trespassed on or violated; above any criticism |
| salacious | lascivious, lustful |
| sally | a sudden rushing attack; an excursion; an expedition; a repartee; a clever rejoinder; 재치있는 농담, 출격 |
| sanctimonious | making a show of being pious; holier-than-thou, holier-than-thou, pharisaic, pharisaical, pietistic, pietistical, self-righteous |
| Sap | (n, v) the inner fluid of a plant or any essential body fluid; energy, vitality; a person taken advantage of (noun); undermine, weaken, tire out (verb) |
| sartorial | related to fashion or clothes |
| Saturate | (v) soak or imbue thoroughly; cause a substance to unite with the greatest possible amount of another substance |
| saturnine | morose or gloomy, dark, dour, glowering, glum, moody, morose, sour, sullen |
| Savor | (v) appreciate fully, taste or smell with pleasure |
| scanty | meager, insufficient |
| schism | division; separation; discord or disharmony |
| scintilla | A tiny bit or trace |
| scintillating | describes someone who is brilliant and lively, aglitter, coruscant, fulgid, glinting, glistering, glittering, glittery, scintillant, sparkly, bubbling, effervescent, frothy |
| scrutinize | v to examine very carefully |
| scurvy | Contemptible, mean |
| secrete | Produce and release a substance from a cell or gland of the body for a functional purpose |
| sectarian | narrow-minded; single-mindedly devoted to a sect / SECT: a small religious subgroup or religion; any group with a uniting theme or purpose |
| Secular | (adj) not religious or holy; pertaining to worldly things |
| sedentary | largely confined to sitting down; not physically active |
| sequester | v to set or keep apart ; |
| seraphic | Like an angel; serene, spiritually carried off or transported |
| servile | submissive, obedient |
| shackle | thing which hampers movement, bond, chain, handcuff; a manacle; a restraint |
| shrewd | wily; cunning; sly |
| simper | v. to smirk, to say something with a silly, coy smile, n. the silly smile itself |
| sinister | evil |
| sinuous | intricate, complex |
| Skeptic | (adj) person inclined to doubting or questioning generally accepted beliefs |
| sneer | to express contempt for |
| sobriety | seriousness |
| sobriquet | A nickname |
| sodden | thoroughly soaked, saturated |
| somatic | Of the body |
| sophomoric | exhibiting immaturity, lack of judgement, pretentious |
| sordid | involving ignoble actions and motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt; foul and run-down and repulsive, seamy, seedy, sleazy, squalid,flyblown |
| Spectrum | (n) a broad range of nevertheless related qualities or ideas, esp. those that overlap to create a continuous series (as in a color spectrum, where each color blends into the next in a continuous way) |
| spendthrift | one who spends money extravagantly, scattergood, spend-all, spender |
| splenetic | very irritable, bristly, prickly, waspish |
| Sportive | (adj) playful, merry, joking around, done "in sport" (rather than intended seriously) |
| spurious | plausible but false, specious |
| squalid | Disgusting, filthy, foul, extremely neglected |
| squander | spend thoughtlessly; waste time, money, or an opportunity, blow, waste,consume, ware |
| squelch | suppress or crush completely, quell, quench |
| stanch | to stop or check the flow of |
| stasis | Equilibrium, a state of balance or inactivity, esp. caused by equal but opposing forces |
| staunch | firm and dependable especially in loyalty, steadfast, unswerving |
| stickler | someone who stubbornly insists on something |
| stipulate | Specify; make an open demand, esp. as a condition of agreement |
| stoic | indifferent to or unaffected by pleasure or pain, steadfast |
| stratagem | Military maneuver to deceive or surprise; crafty scheme |
| stratum | One of many layers (such as in a rock formation or in the classes of a society) |
| stricture | something that restrains, negative criticism |
| stultify | cause one, through routine, to lose energy and enthusiasm, cripple |
| stymie | hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of, block, blockade, embarrass, hinder, obstruct, stymy |
| subjugate | to subdue and dominate; to enslave |
| sublime | Lofty or elevated, inspiring reverence or awe; excellent, majestic; complete, utter |
| subordinate | lower in importance position or rank; secondary |
| Subside | (v) sink, settle down, become less active; return to a normal level |
| subsidiary | supplemental; additional; secondary or subordinate |
| Substantiate | (v) support with evidence or proof; give a material existence to |
| substantive | essential |
| subsume | contain or include |
| subversive | in opposition to a civil authority or government, insurgent, seditious |
| succor | relief, help in time of distress or want |
| succumb | to yield or submit; to die ; |
| sully | Make dirty, stain, tarnish, defile |
| sumptuous | luxurious; splendid; lavish |
| sundry | various |
| supercilious | haughty and disdainful; looking down on others, disdainful, haughty, imperious, lordly, overbearing, prideful, sniffy, swaggering |
| superficial | on the surface only; shallow; not thorough |
| superfluous | serving no useful purpose, otiose, pointless, purposeless, senseless, wasted |
| Supersede | (v) replace, take the position of, cause to be disregarded as void or obsolete |
| suppliant | beseeching |
| supposition | Assumption, hypothesis, something that has been supposed |
| surrogate | Substitute, person who acts for another (noun); acting as a replacement (adj) |
| susceptible | capable of being influenced by something; capable of being emotionally affected; vulnerable or receptive to |
| symbiosis | Mutually dependent relationship between two organisms, people, groups, etc. |
| synthesis | n. the combination of parts to make a whole |
| Table | (v) lay aside to discuss later, often as a way to postpone discussion indefinitely |
| taint | pollute; contaminant; a trace of something spoiled, contaminated, off-flavor, or otherwise offensive |
| talisman | charm to bring good luck and avert misfortune |
| tangible | touchable; palpable touchable palpable |
| taut | tight, stretched; tightly drawn, as a rope; emotionally tense |
| tautology | unnecessary repetition |
| teem | to swarm (몰려들다); to be inundated; to overrun |
| temperance | the trait of avoiding excesses, moderation,sobriety |
| temporal | pertaining to time; pertaining to life; earthly existence; noneternal; short-lived |
| temporize | to stall; to cause delay through indecision |
| tenacious | stubbornly unyielding, dogged, dour, persistent, pertinacious, unyielding |
| tendentious | likely to lean towards a controversial view, tendencious |
| tender | offer up something formally, bid |
| tenet | belief, doctrine |
| tepid | characterized by a lack of force or enthusiasm |
| thorny | full of difficulties; tough; painful |
| threadbare | tattered; worn away to reveal threads |
| timbre | voice tone color |
| timorous | timid by nature or revealing fear and nervousness, fearful, trepid |
| toil | hard work; labor; drudgery; exhausting effort |
| torque | a turning or twisting force |
| Torrid | (adj) very hot, parching, burning; passionate |
| tout | advertize in strongly positive terms; show off, blow, bluster, boast, brag, gas, gasconade, shoot a line, swash, vaunt |
| transgression | Violation of a law, moral rule, order, etc.; sin |
| transient | lasting a very short time, ephemeral, fugacious, passing, short-lived, transitory |
| travail | use of physical or mental energy; hard work; agony or anguish, effort, elbow grease, exertion, sweat |
| treacherous | tending to betray, perfidious, punic |
| trepidation | fear and anxiety |
| trite | repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse, banal, commonplace, hackneyed, old-hat, shopworn, stock, threadbare, timeworn, tired, well-worn |
| truculence | defiant aggressiveness, truculency |
| truculent | having a fierce, savage nature |
| tryst | agreement between lovest to meet, rendez-vous |
| tumid | swollen, distended |
| turmoil | confusion, strife |
| turpitude | depravity; a depraved act |
| unalloyed | pure |
| uncanny | suggesting the operation of supernatural influences; surpassing the ordinary or normal, eldritch, unearthly, weird,preternatural |
| uncouth | uncultured, crude; ill-mannered |
| unctuous | oily both literally and figuratively; insincere |
| undermine | to weaken (usually paired with an abstract term) |
| underscore | give extra weight to (a communication), emphasise, emphasize, underline |
| unfeigned | not false, genuine |
| unprecedented | having never been done or known before; novel |
| unremitting | unceasing; unabated; relentless |
| unseemly | not in keeping with accepted standards of what is right or proper in polite society, indecent, indecorous, unbecoming, uncomely, untoward |
| unstinting | very generous, lavish, munificent, overgenerous, too-generous, unsparing, unstinted |
| untenable | (of theories etc) incapable of being defended or justified, indefensible |
| untoward | unfavorable; inconvenient, indecent, indecorous, unbecoming, uncomely, unseemly,adverse, inauspicious |
| unwitting | unintentional; ignorant; not aware |
| uphold | to maintain or fight for |
| urbane | showing a high degree of refinement and the assurance that comes from wide social experience, polished, refined, svelte |
| usurp | to seize wrongfully |
| vacuous | devoid of intelligence, matter, or significance, asinine, fatuous, inane, mindless,empty, hollow |
| vagary | whim; unpredictable action; wild notion |
| vapid | tasteless, dull |
| vaunt | to boast, drag |
| venality | the condition of being susceptible to bribes or corruption |
| veracious | truthful, right |
| Veracity | (n) truthfulness, accuracy; habitual adherence to the truth |
| verdant | Green, such as with vegetation, plants, grass, etc.; young and inexperienced |
| verisimilitude | the appearance of truth |
| veritable | truthfully, without a doubt, authentic, bona fide, unquestionable |
| vernal | Relating to the spring; fresh, youthful |
| vestige | Trace or sign of something that once existed |
| vexation | irritation, annoyance |
| Viable | (adj) capable of living (or growing, developing, etc.); practical, workable |
| vicissitude | Changes or variations over time, esp. regular changes from one thing to another |
| vigilant | alertly watchful |
| vilify | spread negative information about, rail, revile, vituperate |
| vim | Pep, enthusiasm, vitality, lively spirit |
| vindictive | to have a very strong desire for revenge |
| virtuoso | someone with master skills, expert musician |
| vitriol | abusive or venomous language used to express blame or bitter deep-seated ill will, invective, vituperation |
| vivacious | lively; animated; full of pep |
| vociferous | conspicuously and offensively loud; given to vehement outcry, blatant, clamant, clamorous, strident |
| vogue | prevailing fashion or practice |
| voluminous | large; extensive; having great volume |
| voluptuous | pleasant to the senses; luxurious; pleasure-seeking; extra full and shapely / VOLUPTUARY |
| voracious | very hungry; approaching an activity with gusto, edacious, esurient, rapacious, ravening, ravenous, wolfish |
| waft | n. a light breeze, a puff, v. to send floating through the air or over water |
| wan | Unnaturally pale, or showing some other indication of sickness, unhappiness, etc.; weak, lacking forcefulness |
| wane | to decrease in strength or intensity; to fade away; to decline in power |
| warrant | to justify; to provide grounds for; to guarantee |
| Warranted | (adj) justified, authorized (warrant can mean to justify or a justification, but can also mean to vouch for or guarantee) |
| Wary | (adj) watchful, motivated by caution, on guard against danger |
| waver | to fluctuate between choices |
| wayward | erratic, reckless; going one's own way; unpredictable |
| whet | Stimulate, make keen or eager (esp. of an appetite) |
| Wily | (adj) crafty, cunning, characterized by tricks or artifice |
| wince | cringe; to shrink in pain |
| wistful | vaguely longing, sadly thoughtful |
| wizened | Withered, shriveled |
| woe | deep suffering or grief; affliction; distress |
| xenophobia | Fear or hatred of foreigners or that which is foreign |
| yoke | A burden or something that oppresses; a frame for attaching animals (such as oxen) to each other and to a plow or other equipment to be pulled, or a bar across a person's shoulders to help carry buckets of water, etc. (noun); to unite together or to burden (verb) |
| Zeal | (n) great fervor or enthusiasm for a cause, person, etc.; tireless diligence in furthering that cause; passion, ardor |
| zealot | one who is fanatically devoted to a cause |
| zealous | fervent, ardent, impassioned |
| abandon | 방종, 자유분방; 버리다 |
| abatement | a lessening in amount or degree |
| abbreviate | (단어, 문장, 글) 줄이다 |
| abbrogate | v. to abolish or annul by authority; put down |
| abduct | kidnap |
| ablution | cleansing, washing |
| abominate | to hate / ABOMINATION: something despised or abhorred; extreme loathing |
| aboriginal | native; dating back to the very beginning |
| abound | to be very numerous |
| aboveboard | open and honest, straightforward |
| abrade | 마모시키다 |
| abrasive | (adj) rough, suitable for grinding or polishing (such as sandpaper); causing irritation or annoyance |
| abreast | Side-by-side. The more common "abreast of" means keeping up with, staying aware of, or remaining equal in progress with. |
| abreast of | ~와 나란히 하는, 뒤떨어지지 않는, (최신 정보 등) 알고 있는 |
| abrogate | revoke formally |
| abscise | v. to cut off or remove |
| accelerate | 가속화하다 |
| accentuate | to emphasize; to accent; to highlight |
| access | the ability to go into (when somebody or something must allow you to enter) , accession, admission, admittance, entree |
| acclimate | 적응하다 |
| accountable | 책임 있는; 설명될 수 있는 |
| accouter | equip / ACCOUTERMENTS: personal clothing, accessories, or equipment; trappings |
| accrete | 점진적으로 증가하다 |
| acknowledge | 인정하다; 감사하다 |
| acolyte | 시종, 조수; (로마가톨릭 예배의식) 시제(時祭)(altar boy), 복사(服事) |
| acoustics | 음향시설; 음향악 |
| acquisitive | seeking or tending to acquire; greedy |
| acquit | 무죄를 선고하다 |
| acquittal | released from blame (as by a court) / ACQUIT: to find not guilty; to behave or conduct oneself |
| acrimony | bitterness and ill will, acerbity, bitterness, jaundice, tartness, thorniness |
| activism | (n) the practice of pursuing political or other goals through vigorous action, often including protests and demonstrations |
| adapt | 적응시키다; (새로운 용도, 목적에) 맞추다, 조정하다 |
| adept | 능숙한 |
| adequate | good enough for what you need, decent, enough |
| adhere | (v) stick (to), such as with glue, or to a plan or belief |
| adjourn | discontinue; to suspend until another time |
| adjudicate | to serve as a judge in a competition; to arrive at a judgment or conclusion, decide, resolve, settle,judge, try |
| admonition | n. a warning or a scolding |
| adolescent | 사춘기의, 청년기의; 미성숙한 |
| adorn | 장식하다 |
| adrift | 표류하는, 떠내려가는; 불안정한, 방황하는 |
| adulator | n. someone who shows excessive admiration or devotion |
| adulteration | the process or effect of reducing purity by combining with inferior ingredients |
| adventitous | accidental; connected to but nonetheless unrelated; irrelevant |
| adversary | 적, 원수 |
| adversity | 역경, 고난 |
| affect | 영향을 미치다; 가장하다, 꾸미다 |
| affidavit | a sworn written statement made before an official |
| affirm | 단언, 확언하다 |
| afflict | 괴롭히다, 고통스럽게 하다 |
| affliction | misery; illness; great suffering; a source of misery, illness or great suffering |
| afford | provide with an opportunity |
| aftermath | consequence; events following some occurrence or calamity |
| aggravate | 악화시키다; 화, 짜증나게 하다 |
| aggrieve | to afflict, distress, mistreat; to do grievous injury to; to offend |
| aghast | horrified; terrified; shocked |
| agile | 민첩한, 빠른, 영리한 |
| agitate | (마음) 어지럽히다, 괴롭히다; 선동하다 |
| agony | 큰 고통 |
| ailing | 아픈; 병약한, 아픈; (비유적 의미) (경제, 기관 등) 병든, 비틀거리는 |
| albeit | Although, even though |
| alchemist | n. someone who practices or studies alchemy |
| alcove | a room extension |
| alienate | (v) cause to become unfriendly, hostile, or distant |
| alienated | distanced, estranged |
| align | 제휴, 연합하다; 정렬하다 |
| allay | to lessen; ease; soothe |
| allegiance | loyalty |
| allegory | fable, symbolic representation; a story in which the characters are symbols with moral or spiritual meanings |
| allot | to apportion, allocate, or assign |
| allude | 넌지시 말하다, 암시하다 |
| allure | the power to entice by charm |
| altercation | argument, noisy dipute; a heated fight, argument, or quarrel |
| altruistic | 이타적인 |
| amalgam | a mixture of multiple things |
| ambiance | Atmosphere; mood; feeling mood |
| ambience | atmosphere; mood; feeling |
| ambient | surrounding; circulating |
| ambiguity | n. uncertainty in meaning |
| amble | 천천히, 느긋하게 걷다 |
| ambrosia | something delicious; the food of the gods |
| amend | (법 등을) 개정하다, 수정하다 |
| amicable | politely friendly; not hostile |
| amid | among; in the middle of |
| amity | 우호, 우정, 친목 |
| amply | admore than is adequate, fully |
| amuck | adin a frenzied or uncontrolled state, amok, murderously |
| anachronistic | 시대착오적인; 구시대적인 |
| analgesic | medication that reduces or eliminates pain |
| analog | something similar in a particular respect to something else |
| anemic | lacking energy and vigor, anaemic |
| angst | anxiety; fear; dread |
| animadversion | 호된 비난 |
| animated | 활력있는, 활발한 |
| annex | to attach |
| annuity | an annual payment or income; the annual interest payment on an investment; anyregular allowance or income |
| annul | Make void or null, cancel, abolish (usually of laws or other established rules) |
| anoint | (v) rub or sprinkle oil on; make sacred, such as by ceremony that includes applying oil to someone |
| anonymous | 무명의, 익명의 |
| antecede | 선행하다, 앞서다 |
| antediluvian | prehistoric |
| anterior | before, prior, preceding; situated in front |
| anthology | a collection, especially of literary works |
| anthropomorphism | 신인(神人) 동형론, 의인관(擬人觀), 의인화 |
| anthropomorphous | nonhuman having or resembling human form or quality (사람모양을 한) / ANTHROPOMORPHIC: 의인화 |
| antic | ludicrously odd, fantastic, fantastical, grotesque |
| antidote | 해독제; 해결책 |
| antipathetic | showing a strong aversion |
| antipathy (n.) | deep dislike, aversion, or repugnance, somtimes without reason |
| antipodal | situated on opposite sides of the earth; exactly opposite |
| antiquated | old-fashioned; belonging to an earlier period in time, antediluvian, archaic |
| antiquity | ancientness; ancient times / ANTIQUARY (골동품 수집/연구/애호가) / ANTIQUARIAN (골동품 전문가) |
| aperture | an opening |
| aphoristic | something that is concise and instructive of a general truth or principle |
| aplomb | great coolness and composure under strain, assuredness, cool, poise, sang-froid |
| apocalyptic | 종말론적인, 계시적인, 중요한 |
| apologist | 변론자, 옹호자 |
| apoplexy | stroke / APOPLECTIC |
| apostle | Pioneer of a reform movement (originally, an early follower of Jesus) |
| appease (v.) | pacify, satisfy, relieve; concede to be belligerent demands, sometimes at the expense of principles |
| append | affix, attach / APPENDAGE / APPENDIX |
| apportion | to distribute proportionally; to divide into portions |
| appreciable | large enough to be noticed (usu. refers to an amount) |
| appreciable (adj.) | enough to be perceived, considerable |
| apprehend | 체포하다; 이해하다; 두려워하다 |
| apprehension | fearful expectation, apprehensiveness, dread,misgiving |
| approbate | v. to approve something officially |
| approbatory | expressing praise or approval, affirmative, approbative, approving, plausive |
| approve | 찬성하다, 동의하다, 칭찬하다; 승인하다 |
| appurtenances | subordinate possessions, 부속 구조물; something extra; an appendage; an accessory |
| appurtenant | supply added support, accessory, adjunct, adjuvant, ancillary, auxiliary |
| apt | suitable; appropriate; having a tendency to; likely = APROPOS = APPOSITE |
| arbitrary (adj.) | based entirely on one's discretion; capricious, unreasonable, or having no basis |
| arbitrate | to judge a dispute between two opposing parties |
| arcade | a roofed passage between shops |
| arcana | deep secrets |
| arch | to be deliberately teasing, condescending, patronising, patronizing |
| archeology | the study of material evidence of past human life |
| archipelago | group of islands |
| archives | a place where historical documents or materials are stored; the documents or materials themselves |
| argot | a specialized vocabulary used by a group |
| aristocratic | Of noble birth; snobbish |
| armada | a fleet of warships, 함대 |
| armament | implements or war; the process of arming for war (군비, 무기, 군비확충) |
| armistice | truce, 휴전 |
| arraign | indict, to call to court to answer a charge; to bring to court to answer an indictment; to accuse / ARRAIGNMENT |
| arrears | the state of being in debt; unpaid debts |
| arresting | holding one's attention |
| arriviste | a person who has recently reached a position of power; a social climber, nouveau-riche, parvenu, upstart |
| arrogant | 오만한, 거만한 |
| arsenal | ammunition store house; a collection of armaments |
| artisan | a person skilled in a craft |
| artlessness | the quality of innocence, ingenuousness, innocence, naturalness |
| ascertain | (v) find out with certainty |
| asceticism | the adherence to or belief in ascetic practices |
| aseptic | Free from germs |
| askance | adwith a look of suspicion or disapproval |
| aspersions | Damaging remarks, defamation, slander |
| aspiration | 열망, 염원 |
| assent | 찬성하다, 동의하다 |
| assess | 평가하다 |
| assessment | estimation |
| assiduously | adwith care and persistence |
| assorted | 다양한, 여러가지의 |
| assume | 가정하다; 가장하다; (임무, 자리 등) 맡다 |
| atrocious | 극악무도한, 매우 잔인한; 아주 나쁜 |
| atrocity / atrocious adj. | great cruelty or reackless wickedness / |
| attentive | 주의를 기울이는, 경청하는; 배려하는, 신경을 쓰는 |
| attest | 증명하다, 입증하다 |
| attribute | to credit to or assign; to ascribe |
| attune | 조화를 이루다, (악기, 관계 등을) 조율하다 |
| attuned | In harmony; in sympathetic relationship |
| auspice | n. protection or support, patronage; sign or portent |
| auspices | protection; support; sponsorship / UNDER THE AUSPICES OF |
| austerity | rigid economy (often followed by the word "measures") |
| authenticate | (진짜임을) 입증하다 |
| authoritarian | 독재적인 |
| authoritative | 권위 있는, 믿을만한; 권위적인 |
| autonomously | adIn an autonomous or self-governing manner. |
| autonomy | 자율, 자치, 자립, 독립 |
| auxiliary | secondary; additional; giving assistance or aid |
| avail | assistance; to help; to be of use; to serve / AVAILING <-> UNAVAILING |
| avant garde | vanguard |
| avert | turn away |
| avocation | secondary occupation |
| avow | To claim; to declare boldly; to admit. Before God I avow I am innocent |
| bacchanal | orgy, drunkenly festive / BACCHANALIA: 큰 술잔치 |
| bacchanalian | pertaining to riotous or drunken festivity; pertaining to revelry |
| backwater | 침체상태; 벽지, 후미진 곳; (강의) 잔잔한 후미 |
| badger | to pester, beleaguer, bug, pester, tease |
| badinage | 가벼운 농담; 가벼운 놀림 |
| baffle | 당황하게 하다; (계획) 좌절시키다 |
| bale | 재앙; 불운, 고통, 불행 |
| balky | (사람, 기계 등) 말을 안 듣는 |
| ballast | heavy material used to balance a ship |
| balloon | Swell or puff out; increase rapidly |
| ballyhoo | sensational advertising or promotion; uproar |
| balmy person | eccentric or foolish person |
| balmy weather | mild, pleasant, wonderful weather |
| banality | a trite or obvious remark, bromide, cliche, commonplace, platitude |
| bandy | discuss lightly; to toss back and forth; to exchange |
| baneful | causing harm or ruin, pernicious, destructive |
| banish | expel from a community, residence, or location; drive away, ban, blackball, cast out, ostracise, ostracize, shun |
| barb | (화살촉, 낚시바늘의) 미늘; 가시 돋친 말 |
| bard | poet |
| barefaced | 뻔뻔스런; 숨김없는 |
| barrage | a lot of questions or criticism; a concentrated outpouring of artillery fire, or of anything else |
| barrel | 쏜살같이 움직이다, 질주하다 |
| barren | 열매 맺지 않는, 수확이 없는 |
| bask | take pleasure in sun; to enjoy warmth and sunshine; to enjoy praise |
| bask (in) | (햇볕을 기분 좋게) 쪼이다, 누리다 |
| bastardization | an act that debases or corrupts, bastardisation |
| bastion | Stronghold; fortress; fortified place;A group that defends a principle. a bastion against corruption |
| bawdy | obscene |
| baying | Howling in a deep way, like a dog or wolf |
| beatific | blissfully happy, angelic, angelical, sainted, saintlike, saintly |
| beatitude | a state of bliss, and beatific means having a blissful appearance |
| becoming | appropriate, and matches nicely, comely, comme il faut, decent, decorous, seemly |
| bedeck | 장식하다, 꾸미다 |
| befitting | 적당한, 어울리는, 알맞은 |
| befuddle | 혼란, 혼동시키다, 어리둥절하게 하다 |
| beg | to evade or dodge (a question) |
| begrudge | to envy someone for possessing or enjoying something, resent |
| behemoth | huge creature; anything very large and powerful |
| behest | command; order |
| behold | 보다 |
| behooves | to be one's duty or obligation |
| being opaque, in a state of turmoil | |
| belabor | To go over repeatedly or to an absurd extent;Attack verbally with harsh criticism. She was belabored by her fellow students |
| belfry | bell tower; room in which a bell is hung |
| bemoan | express discontent or a strong regret, bewail, deplore, lament |
| bemused | Confused; bewildered |
| benefactor | One who provides help especially in the form of a gift or donation |
| benighted | fallen into a state of ignorance, nighted,dark |
| benignant | 친절한, 다정한, 유익한 |
| bequeath | 유증하다 |
| bequest | Something left to someone in a will |
| berate | 호되게 꾸짖다 |
| bereave | (가족을) 잃다, 여의다, 사별하다 |
| bereaved | Deprived or left desolate especially through death. bereaved of hope |
| bereft | unhappy in love; suffering from unrequited love, lovelorn, unbeloved |
| bereft of | ~가 없는, 빼앗긴 |
| besmirch | damage the good name and reputation of someone, asperse, calumniate, defame, denigrate, slander, smear, smirch, sully |
| besotted | strongly affectionate towards |
| bespeak | 나타내다, 보여주다 |
| betray | to reveal or make known something, usually unintentionally, bewray |
| bewail | 슬퍼하다, 한탄하다; 유감으로 생각하다, 개탄하다 |
| bewilder | 당황하게 하다, 어리둥절하게 하다 |
| bewitch | 마술 걸다, 매혹시키다 |
| bigot | 편협한 사람 (나와 생각, 종교, 사상 등이 다른 사람을 배척하는 사람) |
| bilious | irritable; always angry, atrabilious, dyspeptic, liverish |
| bipartisan | both parties |
| biting | 신랄한; 통렬한 |
| bivouac | a temporary encampment, especially of soldiers |
| bizarre | 이상한, 별난 |
| blackmail | 공갈 협박하다 |
| blanch | to turn pale; to cause to turn pale |
| bland | boring or without taste; mild; tasteless; dull; unlively |
| blare | (소리) 울려퍼지다; 요란하게 울리다, 떠들어대다; 요란한 소리 |
| blase | bored because of frequent indulgence; unconcerned |
| blazon | 과시하다, 자랑하다 |
| bleak | having a depressing or gloomy outlook, bare, barren, desolate, stark |
| blemish | 흠, 결점, 오점 |
| blinkered | to have a limited outlook or understanding |
| bludgeon | 위협하다, 강요하다 |
| blunder | 실수하다, (일) 그르치다; 실수 |
| blunt | (칼날 등이) 무딘; (사람이) 퉁명스럽고 직설적인; 무디게 하다 |
| blurt | (말을) 불쑥 내뱉다, 무심코 말하다 |
| boast | 자랑하다, 허풍 떨다; 자랑할만한 ~를 가지고 있다 |
| bode | 전조하다, 징조가 되다 |
| boggle | 깜짝 놀라게 하다, 압도하다 |
| bogus | (adj) fake, fraudulent |
| boisterous | loud, noisy, rough, lacking restraint |
| bon vivant | a person who enjoys good food, good drink, and luxurious living |
| bona fide | done or made in good faith; sincere; authentic; genuine |
| boon | a desirable state, blessing |
| bootless | 소용없는, 쓸모 없는 |
| booty | loot 노획물; plunder; stolen or confiscated goods |
| border (on) | ~에 가깝다 |
| botch | to bungle; to ruin through poor or clumsy effort (서투른 솜씨로) 망치다 |
| bourgeois | Middle class usually in a pejorative sense; boringly conventional |
| bowdlerize | edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate, bowdlerise, castrate, expurgate, shorten |
| bracing | invigorating |
| brackish | 짭짤한, 소금기 있는; 불쾌한 |
| brash | 뻔뻔한, 무례한, 건방진; 무모한, 성급한 |
| brawn / brawny (adj.) | big muscles; great strength |
| brawny | 건장한 |
| breakthrough | 돌파구; (과학 등) 큰 발전, 약진 |
| bridle | the act of restraining power or action or limiting excess, check, curb |
| bridling | v. to control or hold back, restrain |
| brink | edge / BRINKMANSHIP 위기정책 |
| brisk | (발걸음, 기운) 경쾌한, 활발한, 기운찬; (사업) 활발한; (바람, 날씨) 쌀쌀하지만 상쾌한 |
| bristle | react in an offended or angry manner, abound, burst |
| bristling | 화가 나서 발끈한 |
| brittle | 깨지기 쉬운, 부서지기 쉬운 |
| broadside | a strong verbal attack, bill, broadsheet, circular, flier, flyer, handbill, throwaway |
| bromide | a trite or obvious remark, banality, cliche, commonplace, platitude |
| brouhaha | uproar; hubbub |
| browbeat | be bossy towards; discourage or frighten with threats or a domineering manner, ballyrag, boss around, bully, bullyrag, hector, push around, strong-arm |
| brusquely | adin a blunt, direct manner, bluffly, bluntly, flat out, roundly |
| buck | resist, go against |
| buffer | (n) something that shields, protects, absorbs shock, or cushions |
| buffoon | a joker, especially one who is coarse or acts like an ass 어릿광대 a ridiculous but amusing person; a clown. |
| bully | 약한자를 괴롭히는 사람, 불량배; 위협하다, 괴롭히다 |
| bulwark | fortification |
| bumbling | lacking physical movement skills, especially with the hands, bungling, butterfingered, ham-fisted, ham-handed, handless, heavy-handed, left-handed |
| bumptious | 자기 주장이 지나치게 강한, 건방진, 잘난 체하는, 거만한 |
| bungle | 어설픈짓하다, 실수하다 |
| buoy | 기분을 좋게 하다(북돋다) |
| buoyant | 부력이 있는; 기운찬, 명랑한 |
| burlesque | A ludicrous mocking or exaggerated imitation (ব্যঙ্গ - রচনা) |
| burly | 건장한 |
| bustle | 활기찬, 부산하게 움직이다 |
| bygone | (adj, n) past, former (adj); that which is in the past (usually plural noun) |
| cacaphonous | unpleasant or harsh-sounding |
| cadaverous | emaciated; gaunt, bony ,haggard, pinched, skeletal, wasted |
| cadence | Rhythm the rise and fall of sounds |
| cagey | 터놓지 않는, 조심하는 |
| calculated | 계산된, 계획된, 의도된 |
| caliber | 능력, 역량, 우수성; (총, 포의) 구경 |
| calibrate | (총의) 구경을 재다; (온도계, 자 등) 눈금을 정하다; 조정하다 |
| calumniate | v. to slander, make a false accusation |
| camaraderie | 우정, 동지애 |
| camouflage | 위장, 속임; 위장하다 |
| candidness | the quality of being honest and straightforward in attitude and speech, candor, candour, directness, forthrightness, frankness |
| candor | Truthfulness; sincere honesty |
| canny | careful, cautious, knowing |
| cantankerous | irritable; ill-humored |
| capacious | spacious; roomy; commodious |
| capacity | noun the amount or volume something can hold ability (especially mental) |
| capital | most significant, pertaining to wealth |
| Capitalism | Free enterprise |
| caprices | sudden changes of mind or actions |
| capricous | fickle |
| captious | faultfinding; intended to entrap, as in an argument |
| carcinogenic | causing cancer / CARCINOGEN |
| careen | swerve, to lean on one side |
| carnage | physical remains |
| carnality | n. something relating to the body or flesh |
| cartographer | a person who makes maps or charts |
| cascade | small waterfall |
| caste | any of the hereditary social classes in Hindu society; social stratification |
| casual | 대충하는, 건성의; 우연한; 비형식적인 |
| casualty | (사건, 사고) 사상자 |
| catalyze | to act as a catalyst, to bring about |
| cater (to) | (요구, 필요를) 제공하다, 맞추다, 만족시키려 애쓰다; 음식, 서비스를 공급하다 |
| catharsis | Purification that brings emotional relief or renewal |
| causal | involving a cause |
| causality | n. the relationship between cause and effect |
| cavalier | given to haughty disregard of others, high-handed |
| cavort | 흥청거리다; 뛰놀다 |
| cede | relinquish possession or control ove, deliver, give up, surrenderr |
| celerity | speed, rapidity, quickness, rapidity, rapidness, speediness |
| celestial | concerned with sky or heavens; sublime |
| celibacy | Abstinence from sex |
| censor | to examine and remove objectionable material, ban |
| censorious | tending to or expressing censure |
| censorship | 검열 |
| centrifugal | moving away from a center |
| centripetal | moving or directed toward a center |
| ceremonious | 의식의, 지나치게 격식을 갖춘 |
| certitude | 확신 |
| cescendo | (n) steady increase in force, intensity, or the loudness of a musical passage; a climactic moment or peak |
| cessation | 중지, 중단 |
| cession | (특히 전후 국가간 영토) 이양(양도) |
| chaff | worthless products or an endeavor |
| challenge | 이의를 제기하다 |
| chameleon | a highly changeable person |
| channel | to direct; to cause to follow a certain path |
| chaotic | a state of chaos |
| charisma | A magical-seeming ability to attract followers or inspire loyalty |
| chasm | A deep gaping hole; a gorge |
| chaste | pure, virgin; pure and unadorned; abstaining from sex |
| chastened | corrected, punished, or humbled |
| check | to limit (usually modifying the growth of something) |
| checkered | one that is marked by disreputable happenings |
| cherish | 소중히 여기다 |
| cherubic | sweet, innocent / CHERUB n. a supercute chubby-cheeked child; a kind of angel |
| chianery | n. trickery or subterfuge |
| chide | 꾸짖다 |
| chimerical | illusory or improbable |
| chivalrous | being attentive to women like an ideal knight, gallant, knightly |
| chivalry | the qualities idealized by knighthood such as bravery and gallantry toward women |
| chortle | to chuckle, laugh merrily, chuckle, laugh softly |
| chronic | Constant; lasting a long time; inveterate |
| chronicle | A record of events in order of time; a history |
| chronological | (adj) arranged in or relating to time order |
| churl | n. someone who is boorish, difficult, and vulgar |
| chutzpah | brazenness; audacity |
| circumnavigate | to sail or travel completely around |
| citadel | fortress or stronghold |
| clairvoyant | one who can predict the future; psychic |
| clamber | Climb awkwardly or with difficulty, scramble |
| clangorous | making a loud, resonant sound |
| clannish | 씨족의, 당파적인 |
| clarion | (소리) 명쾌한, 낭랑한 |
| classic | top-notch; of the highest quality; serving as a standard or model |
| cleft | split |
| cliche | An overused saying or idea |
| cliché | 진부한 표현 |
| climactic | relating to the highest point; coming to or having to do with a climax |
| climatic | having to do with the climate |
| clinch | (v) make final or settle conclusively; to fasten or hold together |
| clone | duplicate |
| coarse | 조악한, 거친, (입자) 굵은; 세련되지 않은, 저속한 |
| coax | 감언으로 꼬셔서 ~하게 하다 |
| codify | to systematize |
| coercion | 강제, 강요, 강압 |
| cogitate | ponder; to meditate; to think carefully about / COGITATION n. |
| cognitive | Dealing with how we know the world around us through our senses; mental |
| cohesive | well integrated, forming a united whole |
| cohort | an associate; a group |
| coincide | 동시에 발생하다; 일치하다 |
| coincidence | 우연의 일치 |
| collaborate | 공동 작업하다, 협력하다; 부역하다 |
| collage | artistic composition of materials pasted over a surface; an assemblage of diverse elements |
| colloquial | Conversational; informal in language. wrote her letters in a colloquial style |
| collude | Conspire; cooperate for illegal or fraudulent purposes |
| colossal | so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe, prodigious, stupendous |
| combustible | 가연성의, 불붙기 쉬운 |
| commemorate | to honor the memory of; to serve as a memorial to |
| commendable | worthy of high praise, applaudable, laudable, praiseworthy |
| commitment | 약속; 책임, 의무; 헌신 |
| commonplace | 진부한; 진부한 문구 |
| compendious | 포괄적이면서도 간결한 |
| compensate | 보상, 보완, 보충하다; 상쇄하다 |
| competence | skillfulness / COMPETENT: capable; qualified <-> INCOMPETENT |
| compilation | collection |
| compile | collect; to gather together; to gather together into a book |
| complaisance | n. the willingness to comply with the wishes of others |
| complicit | Associated with or participating in an activity, especially one of a questionable nature. |
| complicity | Participation in wrongdoing; the act of being an accomplice |
| composed | calm; tranquil |
| compound | make more intense, stronger, or more marked, deepen, heighten, intensify |
| comprehensive | Covering or including everything |
| comprise | To consist of; to be composed of cf constitute compose |
| comradeship | 동료애, 우정 |
| concentric | having a common center |
| concession / concede | something that you agree to do or give to someone in order to end an argument |
| conciliate | to make peace with, appease, assuage, gentle, gruntle, lenify, mollify, pacify, placate |
| concise | Brief and to the point; succinct |
| concoct | to invent |
| concoct / concoction | to create by mixing ingredients; to devise / something that has been concocted |
| concur | (v) approve, agree |
| concurrent | Happening at the same time; parallel |
| condemn | to pronounce judgement against |
| condensed | 요약된, 간결한 |
| condole | 위로, 조의를 표하다 |
| confederate | an ally; an accomplice / CONFEDERATION / CONFEDERACY |
| confer | (v) consult, compare views; bestow or give |
| conference | meeting |
| confidant | a person with whom secrets or private thoughts are shared / CONFIDANTE |
| confide | trust another |
| confidential | 기밀의 |
| conflagration | a very intense and uncontrolled fire, inferno |
| conflate | mix together different elements or concepts, blend, coalesce, combine, commingle, flux, fuse, immix, meld, merge, mix |
| conform | (규칙, 관습) 따르다, 순응하다, 지키다 |
| congruence | conformity / CONGRUENT: of the same shape |
| congruent | 일치하는 |
| congruous | 일치하는, 조화를 이루는, (수학) 합동의 |
| conjunction | 결합, 연결; 동시발생 |
| connive | 공모하다 |
| conniving | taking part in immoral and unethical plots |
| connote | Suggest or imply in addition to the precise, literal meaning |
| conscientious | 양심적인; 면밀한, 근면성실한 |
| conscript | a person compulsorily enrolled for military service |
| consequential | pompous, self-important |
| conservatory | a greenhouse, usually one attached ot another structure; a music school or drama school |
| console | (v, n) lessen the suffering or grief of (verb); a control panel, or small table or cabinet (noun) |
| consolidate | (v) unite, combine, solidify, make coherent |
| consonance | 일치, 조화, 화음 |
| consonant | Harmonious; in agreement. salaries consonant with current trends |
| conspicuous | without any attempt at concealment; completely obvious, blatant, blazing |
| conspire | 공모하다 |
| constituent | a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes |
| constrain | 강제하다; 억제하다 |
| constraint | something that limits or restricts, restraint |
| constrict | (v) squeeze, compress; restrict the freedom of |
| contemn | v. to scorn or despise |
| contemplate | 응시하다, 심사숙고하다 |
| contempt | 경멸, 멸시 |
| contemptuous | scornful, looking down at others with a sneering attitude, disdainful, insulting, scornful |
| contend | to assert |
| contention | 논쟁; 주장 |
| contest | 다투다; 이의를 제기하다 |
| contextualize | (v) place in context, such as by giving the background or circumstances |
| continence | self-control; abstention from sexual activity |
| continuum | a continuous whole without clear division into parts |
| contort | 뒤틀다, 일그러지다 |
| contraband | smuggled goods |
| contradict | 모순되다, 상반되다; 부인(부정)하다, 반박하다 |
| contraries | Things that are opposing; either of two opposite things |
| contravene | 위반하다, 어기다; 부인(부정)하다 |
| contrive | to pull off a plan or scheme, usually through skill or trickery, devise, excogitate, forge, formulate, invent |
| contrived | Artificial; labored |
| controvert | 부인(부정)하다, 반박하다 |
| contumely | rudeness; insolence; arrogance / CONTUMELIOUS |
| convergence | 합침, 집합, 집중 |
| conversant | (adj) knowledgeable about or experienced with |
| converse | the opposite |
| conversely | (adv) in an opposite way; on the other hand |
| convert | 변형시키다, 바꾸다, 개종시키다 |
| convex | curved outward |
| convey | to transport; to conduct; to communicate |
| convict | 유죄를 선고하다 |
| convoke | Call together, as to a meeting |
| convulsion | 경련, 경기; 격변 |
| coquette | woman who flirts |
| cordial | gracious; warm; sincere |
| corporal | ... |
| corporate | 기업의, 법인(체)의; 공동의 |
| corps | a body of people, 단체, 단 ex) army corps vs. CORPSE: 시체 |
| correlate | 상관관계에 있다 |
| correlation | a mutual relation between two or more things |
| correspond | 부합하다, 상응하다; 서신을 교환하다 |
| corrigibility | n. capacity to be set right |
| corrigible | capable of being set right, correctable, reparable |
| corrode | to ruin or destroy |
| corrosive | causing graudal decay |
| corrugate | shaped with folds or waves |
| cosmology | study of the universe as a totality; theory of the origin and structure of the universe |
| cosseted | treat with excessive indulgence |
| coterminous | being of equal extent or scope or duration, coextensive, conterminous |
| counter | 반대하다, 반박하다; 무효로 하다 |
| counterintuitive | (adj) against what one would intuitively expect |
| countermand | a contrary command cancelling or reversing a previous command |
| counterpart | 대응물 (동일한 것) |
| counterpoint | (n) contrasting item, opposite; a complement; the use of contrast or interplay in a work of art |
| counterproductive | (adj) defeating the purpose; preventing the intended goal |
| coup | a brilliant victory or accomplishment; the violent overthrow of a government by a small internal group; A sudden and decisive change of government illegally or by force (মিলিটারিরা যা করে আরকি ক্ষমতা নেওয়ার জন্য, ক্যু ) |
| court | (애정, 환심, 명성 등) 구하다, 얻으려 하다; (재난 등) 초래하다, 자초하다 |
| courteous | 공손한, 예의바른 |
| covenant | a solemn agreement; a contract; a pledge(চুক্তি) |
| covetous | desiring something owned by another |
| cow | to intimidate, overawe |
| crafty | (adj) cunning, skillful in deception or underhanded schemes |
| crass | crude, unrefined; extremely unrefined; gross; stupid |
| craving | 갈망, 열망 |
| credibility | (n) believability, trustworthiness |
| creditable | deserving of praise but not that amazing |
| credo | statement of belief or principle; creed |
| credulity | tendency to believe readily |
| creep | 살금살금 걷다, 기다 |
| crest | 정점, 정상; (조류) 볏; (가문의) 문장, 상징 |
| crestfallen | brought low in spirit, chapfallen, chopfallen, deflated |
| crevice | crack; a narrow split, or fissure / CREVASSE: a very large crevice in a glacier |
| critique | a critical review |
| crotchety | 화잘내는, 까다로운 |
| crumble | 바스러지다; 무너지다 |
| crystallize | cause to take on a definite and clear shape, crystalise, crystalize, crystallise |
| cuisine | a style of cooking |
| culinary | relating to cooking or the kitchen(রন্ধনসম্পর্কীয়) |
| cull | pick out, select; to pick out from among many |
| cumbersome | difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight, cumbrous |
| cunning | 교활한; 교활함 |
| curt | (말) 퉁명스런; 간결한, 짧은 |
| cynic | one who deeply distrusts human nature; one who believes humans are motivated only by selfishness |
| cynical | (adj) thinking the worst of others' motivations; bitterly pessimistic |
| cynicism | n. an attitude or quality of belief that all people are motivated by selfishness |
| dabble | (물) 튀기다; 재미삼아 ~ 하다 |
| daft | 바보같은, 어리석은, 미친 |
| dally | 꾸물거리다, 시간 낭비하다; 가지고 놀다, 희롱하다 |
| damn | 비난하다 |
| damp | v. to diminish the intensity or check something, such as a sound or feeling |
| dampen | 축축하게 하다; (활력, 열의) 꺾다 |
| dart | 쏜살같이 움직이다 |
| dashing | 용감한, 늠름한; 멋진, 세련된 |
| dated | 구식의, 오래된 |
| daunting | dismaying, disheartening |
| dauntless | fearless, undaunted, intrepid |
| dawdle | 꾸물거리다, 늑장부리다 |
| dazzle | 눈부시게 하다; 매료시키다, 압도하다 |
| deadpan | 무표정한, 진지한 표정의 |
| debonair | having a sophisticated charm, debonaire, debonnaire, suave |
| debutante | young woman making debut in high society |
| decadent | decaying or decayed especially in terms of morals |
| decimation | destroying or killing a large part of the population |
| decipher | (암호, 수수께끼) 풀다, 해독하다 |
| declaim | Speak in an impassioned, pompous, or oratorical manner; give a formal speech |
| decode | 해독하다; 해석하다, 이해하다 |
| decree | an official order, usually having the force of law |
| decrepit | (사람) 노쇠한, (사물) 노후한 |
| decry | express strong disapproval of, condemn, excoriate, objurgate, reprobate |
| deem | (v) judge; consider |
| defamatory (adj.) | slanderous, injurious to someone's reputation |
| defeasible | 무효화할 수 있는, 파기할 수 있는 |
| defer | 연기하다, 미루다; (뜻을) 따라주다 |
| deferential | showing respect, deferent, regardful |
| deferrable | 연기할 수 있는 |
| defiant | 도전적인, 반항적인, 시비조의 |
| deficiency | 부족; 결점 |
| deficit | a shortage, especially of money |
| defile | pollute, to make unclean or dishonor; to make filthy or foul; to desecrate |
| deflate | (타이어, 풍선 등) 공기를 빼다; 기를 꺾다 |
| deflect | (v) cause to curve; turn aside, esp. from a straight course; avoid |
| defray | to help pay the cost of, either in part of full |
| defunct | no longer existing |
| defunt | extinct, no longer existing, dead; no longer in effect |
| defuse | (긴장 등을) 완화시키다 |
| defy | (공공연하게) 저항/도전하다, 불복종하다 |
| degrade | reduce in worth or character, usually verbally, demean, disgrace, put down, take down |
| dehydrate | 탈수시키다, 건조시키다 |
| deify | 신격화하다, 숭배하다 |
| deign | do something that one considers to be below one's dignity, condescend, descend |
| deity | a god or goddess |
| deject | 사기를 꺾다, 낙담시키다 |
| dejected | depressed; disheartened |
| delegate | give an assignment to (a person), assign, depute, designate |
| deliberate | think about carefully; weigh the pros and cons of an issue, consider, debate, moot, turn over |
| delimit | Fix, mark, or define the boundaries of |
| delinquent | negligent, culpable; neglecting a duty or law; late in payment |
| deluge | a flood; an inundation |
| delve | dig, explore (of ideas); to search or study intensively |
| demean | to insult; to cause someone to lose dignity or respect, degrade, disgrace, put down, take down |
| demeanor | behavior; manner / vs. DEMEAN: to lower its dignity or stature / DEMEANING |
| demographic | related to population balance |
| demography | (어느 사회의 일정 기간에 걸친) 인구 변동[동태]; 인구 통계학 |
| demolish | 파괴하다 |
| demonstrative | given to or marked by the open expression of emotion |
| demoralize | 사기를 꺾다 |
| demotic | pertaining to people |
| demure | to be modest and shy, coy, overmodest |
| demystify | (신비함, 편견) 없애다, 이해하기 쉽게 설명하다 |
| denomination | a classification; a category name |
| denude | 발가벗기다, 박탈하다 |
| denunciate | 공공연히 비난하다 |
| depict | to portray, especially in a picture; to describe |
| depose | to remove from office or position of power |
| depredate | v. to plunder, pillage, ravage or destroy, to exploit in a predatory manner |
| depredation | preying on, plunder / syn. PREDATION / DEPREDATE: to prey upon; to plunder |
| depredations | attacks, ravages |
| deracinate | 뿌리째 뽑아버리다; (뿌리 내리고 살던 곳에서) 쫓아내다 |
| dere | withered, arid |
| derelict | (of a person) not doing one's duties, delinquent, neglectful, remiss |
| derision | n. scorn, ridicule, contemptuous treatment |
| derisive | abusing vocally; expressing contempt or ridicule, gibelike, jeering, mocking, taunting |
| derivate | unoriginal, obtained from another source |
| derive | come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example, come, descend |
| derogate | 비하하다, 격하시키다 |
| derogative | expressed as worthless or in negative terms, derogatory, disparaging |
| desecrate | to willfully violate or destroy a sacred place, outrage, profane, violate |
| desiccated | uninteresting, lacking vitality, arid, desiccate |
| desideratum | something desired as a necessity |
| desist | to stop doing |
| despicable | 경멸스러운, 비열한, 야비한 |
| despite | preposition |
| detached | (adj) impartial, disinterested; unconcerned, distant, aloof |
| detachment | 무심함; 객관적 태도 |
| detain | 붙들다, 지체시키다; 구류하다 |
| deter | turn away from by persuasion, dissuade |
| deteriorate | 악화시키다, 손상시키다 |
| determinant | 결정요인 |
| deterministic | 결정론의, 결정론적인 |
| detract | (가치·중요성·명성 따위를) 떨어뜨리다, 줄이다; (주의를) 딴 데로 돌리다 |
| detractor | 중상을 일삼는 사람, 명예 훼손자 |
| detrimental | (sometimes followed by "to") causing harm or injury, damaging, prejudicial, prejudicious |
| deviate | (표준, 기준에서) 벗어나다 |
| devious | 부정직한, 사악한 |
| devolve | pass on or delegate to another, degenerate, deteriorate, drop |
| devout | deeply religious; fervent |
| diabolical | to be extremely wicked like the devil, demonic, diabolic, fiendish, hellish, infernal, satanic, unholy,devilish, diabolic, mephistophelean, mephistophelian |
| dialectical | relating to discussions; relating to the rules and methods of reasoning; approaching truth in the middle of opposing extremes |
| dictatorial | expecting unquestioning obedience; characteristic of an absolute ruler, authoritarian, overbearing,authoritarian, autocratic, despotic, tyrannic, tyrannical |
| diehard | 보수적인, 완고한 |
| differentiate | be a distinctive feature, attribute, or trait (sometimes in positive sense), distinguish, mark |
| digression | act of straying from the main point |
| dilapidated | in terrible condition, bedraggled, broken-down, derelict, ramshackle, tatterdemalion, tumble-down |
| dilemma | ... |
| dilettantish | (effort or interest) frivolous or superficial |
| diligent | characterized by care and perseverance in carrying out tasks, persevering |
| dilute | 묽게 하다; 약화시키다 |
| diminution | reduction; the act or process of diminishing |
| diminutive | to indicate smallness |
| dingy | 칙칙한, 지저분한 |
| diplomatic | 수완이 있는, 능숙한 |
| disaffected | discontented as toward authority, ill-affected, malcontent, rebellious |
| disapprobation | n. an expression of disapproval |
| disarming | (심리적으로) 상대방을 무장해제 시키는, 마음 (화, 적개심)을 누그러뜨리는 |
| disarray | disorder; confusion |
| disavow | 부인하다, 거부하다, 의절하다 |
| disavowal | denial / DISAVOW: to deny |
| discernment | 인식력, 분별력, 판단력 |
| disciplinary | 징계의 |
| disciplined | 규율, 기강을 따르는, 훈련, 단련된 |
| disclaim | to deny any claim to; to renounce |
| disclosure | 폭로 |
| discombobulate | 혼란스럽게 하다, 당황스럽게 하다 |
| discomfiting | Disconcerting, confusing, frustrating |
| discompose | 마음의 평정을 없애다, 동요시키다 |
| discord | lack of agreement or harmony, strife |
| discourse | spoken or written expression in words; conversation |
| discourteous | 무례한 |
| discretionary | 재량껏 할 수 있는 |
| discriminating | (adj) judicious, discerning, having good judgment or insight |
| discursive | (of e.g. speech and writing) tending to depart from the main point, digressive, excursive, rambling |
| disembarrass | (짐, 장애, 걱정 등에서) 해방하다 |
| disenfranchise | deprive of voting rights, disfranchise |
| disengage | (연결, 접속) 풀다; (의무) 해방하다 |
| disgruntle | to make sulky and dissatisfied; to discontent |
| disgruntled | 화난, 불만족한 |
| disheartened | made less hopeful or enthusiastic, demoralised, demoralized, discouraged |
| disillusion | (환상, 몽상을) 깨뜨리다 |
| disinfect | 살균 소독하다 |
| disinformation | false information purposely disseminated, usually by a government, for the purpose of creating a false impression |
| disintegrate | 붕괴, 해체되다 |
| disjunction | 괴리, 차이 |
| dislocate | (뼈) 탈구시키다; 혼란에 빠뜨리다, 붕괴시키다 |
| dispensable | 없어도 되는 |
| dispensation | an exemption from a rule or obligation |
| disperse | (v) scatter, spread widely, cause to vanish |
| displace | 쫓아내다, 강제 이주시키다; 대신, 대체하다 |
| disposition | (n) a person's general or natural mood; tendency |
| disproportionate | out of proportion; too much or too little |
| disquiet | 불안, 동요; 동요, 걱정시키다 |
| disquieted | DISQUIET: to make uneasy |
| disquieting | (adj) disturbing, causing anxiety |
| disrepute | 불명예 |
| disrupt | 방해하다. 지장을 주다 |
| dissect | (표본) 해부하다, 분석하다 |
| dissension | disagreement that leads to discord |
| dissent | (v, n) disagree or take an opposing view, esp. in relation to a formal body such as a government, political party, or church; such a view |
| disservice | a harmful action; an ill turn |
| dissimulate | 감추다, 위장하다 |
| dissolute | licentious, libertine |
| dissuade | to persuade not to |
| distinctive | 특색 있는, 다른 것과 다른 |
| distinguish | to tell apart; to cause to stand out |
| distort | 왜곡하다 |
| distract | (주의를) 딴 데로 돌리다 |
| distraught | extremely agitated with emotion |
| divergent | 분기하는, 갈라지는, (의견) 다른 |
| divert | 경로, 방향을 바꾸다; (생각 관심을) 다른 데로 돌리다; 즐겁게 해주다 |
| divisive | 분리, 분열시키는 |
| doctrine | 정설, 원칙 |
| dodge | (몸을) 재빨리 움직여 피하다; 기피, 회피하다 |
| doff | Take off (such as clothes), put aside; remove one's hat as a gesture |
| dog | to pursue relentlessly; to hound, chase, chase after, give chase, go after, tag, tail, track, trail |
| dogged | 완강한, 끈덕진 |
| doleful | filled with or evoking sadness, mournful |
| dolorous | showing sorrow, dolourous, lachrymose, tearful, weeping |
| dolt | a stupid person; a dunce / DOLTISH adj. |
| domestic | having to do with the household or family; not foreign |
| domicile | 거주지, 집 |
| domineering | 지배(군림)하려는, 거만한, 오만한 |
| don | assume, put on, especially clothing |
| dossier | a file of documents or records |
| dotage | senility, mental decline; foolish affection |
| dotard | a senile person |
| dote | 맹목적으로 좋아하다, 애지중지하다 |
| double-entendre | having two meanings one of which is sexually suggestive; when the second meaning is risque |
| doughty | brave; bold; courageous |
| downcast | directed downward; dejected; depressed |
| downplay | 경시하다, 하찮게 여기다 |
| drab | 칙칙한, 재미없는 |
| drain | 서서히 배출하다, 물기 없애다; 소모시키다 |
| dramatize | 극적으로 보여주다 |
| drench | 흠뻑 적시다 |
| drivel | 허튼 소리 |
| ductile | (금속) 두드려 변형시킬 수 있는; 영향을 잘 받는, 잘 변하는 |
| duly | 적절하게, 적당하게 |
| duress | compulsory force or threat |
| dwindle | 점차 줄어들다 |
| dynamo | n. generator, forceful, energetic person |
| dysfunctional | 제대로 기능을 하지 않는, 고장 난 |
| e.g. | (abbre.) for example, such as |
| earmark | (자금, 물건 등을) 책정하다, 예정하다, 배정하다 |
| earthly | 지상의; 세속적인 |
| eavesdrop | 엿듣다 |
| ebb | recede, to face away; to diminish |
| ebullience | the quality of lively or enthusiastic expression of thoughts and feelings |
| echelon | A level, rank or grade; the people at that level |
| Eclipse | (n, v) the obscuring of one thing by another, such as the sun by the moon or a person by a more famous or talented person (noun); to obscure, darken, make less important (verb) |
| economical | avoiding waste, efficient, frugal, scotch, sparing, stinting |
| economy | 검소함, 아껴씀 |
| ecumenical | 전(全) 기독교적인, 세계 교회 주의의; 보편적인, 전반적인 |
| edict | an official decree; 포고령, 칙령 |
| edifice | a big, imposing building |
| effervescence | state of high spirits or liveliness; process of bubling as gas escapes |
| effervescent | marked by high spirits or excitement, bubbling, frothy, scintillating, sparkly |
| effete | depleted of vitality; overrefined; decadent |
| efficacious | producing the intended result, effective, effectual |
| efflorescence | n. the state or a period of flowering, an example or result of growth and development |
| effluvium | a disagreeable or noxious vapor; an escaping gas; 발산, 증발, 취기, 악취 |
| effusion | N a pouring forth Effuse v Effusive a |
| egocentric | A selfish; believing that one is the center of everything n egoism egoistic -tical |
| egoism | the tendency to see things in relation to oneself; self-centeredness |
| egotist | a conceited and self-centered person, egoist, swellhead |
| egotistical | excessively self-centered; conceited |
| eke | To live off meager resources, to scrape by |
| elaborate | marked by complexity and richness of detail, luxuriant |
| elastic | 탄성 있는; 신축적인, 융통성 있는 |
| Elated | (adj) very happy, in high spirits |
| elation | a feeling of great joy |
| electorate | voters |
| elegiac | expressing sorrow |
| elemental | 기본적인, 근본적인 |
| Elevate | (v) raise, lift up; lift the spirits of; move up to a higher rank or status or raise up to a higher spiritual or intellectual plane |
| elite | upper-class; the best or most select group / cf. ELITIST: favoring, advocating, or restricted to an elite. |
| elixir | a sustance believed to have the power to cure ills |
| elocution | the art of public speaking / LOCUTION: a particular word or phrase |
| elongate | 길어지다, 길이를 늘이다 |
| elucidate | make clearer and easier to understand, clear, clear up, crystalise, crystalize, crystallise, crystallize, enlighten, illuminate, shed light on, sort out, straighten out |
| elude | escape understanding, bilk, evade |
| Elysian | delightful; blissful |
| emaciate | Make abnormally thin, cause to physically waste away |
| embargo | restriction |
| embed | (단단히, 깊숙이) 박다, 끼워 넣다 |
| embezzle | 횡령하다, 사취하다 |
| emblematic | 상징적인 |
| embolden | 대담하게 하다 |
| embrace | 포함하다; (생각, 의견) 받아들이다, 채택하다 |
| embroiled | involved in argument or contention, entangled |
| embryonic | in an early stage of development, embryotic, embryologic, embryonal |
| emigrant | a n immigrate |
| emigrate | V to move to a new country; to move a new place to live; to expatriate |
| emissary | a messenger or representative sent to represent another |
| empathetic | showing understanding and ready comprehension of other peoples' states and emotions, empathic |
| empiricism | any method that derives knowledge from experience, used in experimental science as a way to gain insight and knowledge, empiricist philosophy, sensationalism |
| empower | to give power or authority to; to enable |
| enamor | attraction or feeling of love, becharm, beguile, bewitch, captivate, capture, catch, charm, enamour, enchant, entrance, fascinate, trance |
| enamored | 매료된 |
| encapsulate | 요약하다 |
| enchant | 매료시키다; 마법을 걸다 |
| encoded | 암호화된 |
| encompass | 둘러싸다, 포위하다; 포함하다 |
| encroach | Vi to make gradual or stealthy inroads into; to trespass on upon |
| encumber | hold back, constrain, cumber, restrain |
| endear | to make dear; to make beloved / ENDEARMENT: an expression of affection |
| endeavor | 노력; 노력하다, 시도하다 |
| endorse | 승인, 지지하다 |
| endow | 주다, 부여하다; 기부하다 |
| enduring | 영속적인, 지속적인 |
| enfeeble | 약화시키다, 활력을 없애다 |
| engross | 몰두, 열중시키다 |
| enjoin | give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority, order, say, tell |
| enlighten | 설명하다, 가르치다; 계몽하다 |
| enmity | a state of deep-seated ill-will, antagonism, hostility |
| enrapture | 황홀하게 하다, 미칠 듯이 기뻐하게 하다 |
| ensign | a flag; a naval office |
| entail | to have as a necessary consequence; to involve |
| entangle | 뒤엉키게 하다, 복잡하게 만들다 |
| enterprising | 진취적인 |
| enthrall | hold spellbound, delight, enchant, enrapture, enthral, ravish, transport |
| entice | get someone to do something through (often false or exaggerated) promises, lure, tempt |
| Entitlement | (n) having the right to certain privileges; believing, sometimes without cause, that one deserves or has a right to certain privileges |
| entity | something that exists; a distinct thing <-> NONENTITY |
| entomology | the scientific study of insects |
| entrammel | 얽히게 하다, 구속하다, 방해하다 |
| entrance | 도취시키다, 황홀하게 만들다 |
| entreat | 간청, 탄원하다 |
| entreat / entreaty (n) | plead, beg; to ask earnestly / an earnest or humble request. |
| entrenched | fixed firmly or securely |
| entrepreneur | ... |
| entrepreneurial | 기업가적인, 모험심 있는, 진취적인 |
| enunciate | to pronounce clearly |
| epicenter | (지진) 진앙지; 중심점 |
| epilogue | ... |
| epiphany | a sudden revelation or moment of insight |
| episodic | loosely connected, not flowing logically, occurring at intervals |
| epistemology | branch of philosophy tha texamines the nature of knowledge |
| epithet | n. disparaging word or phrase |
| epitomize | 요약하다; 전형이 되다 |
| epoch | an era; a distinctive period of time / EPOCHAL adj. |
| eponym | the name derived from a person (real or imaginary); the person for whom something is named |
| equestrian | having to do with horseback riding |
| equilibrium | 평형, 균형; (마음) 평정 |
| equipoise | 균형, 평형 |
| equity | 공평, 공정, 공명정대; 가치, 자산의 순가치 |
| equivalent | 상응하는, 동등한, 같은 |
| eradicate | to completely destroy, exterminate, extirpate, root out, uproot, annihilate, carry off, decimate, eliminate, extinguish, wipe out |
| err | to make an error, mistake, slip |
| Erroneous | (adj) mistaken, in error; improper, morally incorrect |
| erstwhile | Former, previous (adj); in the past, formerly (adv) |
| erudition | profound learning or extensive knowledge, learned primarily through books |
| escalate | (싸움, 갈등, 시위, 전쟁) 확대시키다, 확대되다 |
| espy | to glimse; to descry; (문예체) 갑자기 ... 를 보게되다 |
| esteem | 존경, 존중하다; 존경, 존중 |
| estrange | 사이를 멀어지게 하다, 소원하게 하다 |
| estranged | alienated, separated |
| ethical | ... |
| ethnocentric | based on the attitude tha one's group is superior |
| etiology | causes or origins |
| etymology | origin an history of a word |
| eugenics | study of factors that influence the hereditary qualities of the human race and ways to improve those qualities |
| eulogium | 찬양하는 연설[글], 찬사 |
| euthanasia | mercy killing |
| evade | (감금, 법, 의무, 문제 등) 피하다 |
| evasive | avoiding or escaping from difficulty or danger or commitment |
| evenhanded | without partiality |
| even-handed | 공정한 |
| even-tempered | (마음) 차분한, 온화한 |
| evict | 퇴거시키다, 내쫓다 |
| evidence | 입증하다; 증언하다 |
| evocative | tending to call to mind or produce a reaction |
| exceptionable | 반대될 수 있는, 이의제기 될 수 있는 |
| excise | 삭제하다, 잘라 내다 |
| excision | removal / EXCISE: to remove by cutting, or as if by cutting |
| excruciating | extremely painful, agonising, agonizing, harrowing, torturesome, torturing, torturous |
| execrable | detertable; abhorrent |
| execrate | to curse and hiss at, accurse, anathematise, anathematize, anathemise, anathemize, comminate |
| exegesis | critical explanation or analysis, especially of a text |
| exemplary | 전형적인, 모범적인 |
| exhaust | 지치게 하다; 고갈시키다; (연구 등) 철저히 살피다 |
| exhilarate | 유쾌하게, 즐겁게 하다 |
| exigencies | urgent or pressing situations |
| exiguity | the quality of being meager, leanness, meagerness, meagreness, poorness, scantiness, scantness |
| exodus | a mass departure or journey away |
| exorbitant | greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation, extortionate, outrageous, steep, unconscionable, usurious |
| exorcise | to expel evil spirits; free from bad influences |
| expansive | communicative, and prone to talking in a sociable manner, talkative |
| expediency | 편의주의, 편법, 꼼수 |
| expeditious | 신속한 |
| explicable | able to be accounted for or understood / EXPLICATE: to make a detailed explanation of the meaning of |
| explicate | to explain;interpret;clarify |
| exploit | 위업, 업적; 부당하게 이용하다, 착취하다; (자원 등) 개발하다, 개척하다 |
| exponential | 기하급수적인, 급격한 |
| exposition | explanation; a large public exhibition / EXPOSITORY adj. |
| expository | explanatory |
| expound | add details or explanation; clarify the meaning; state in depth, dilate, elaborate, enlarge, expand, expatiate, exposit, flesh out, lucubrate |
| express | 명확한, 명백한, 확실한 |
| expunge | to eliminate completely, excise, scratch, strike |
| extemporize | (연설, 연주 등을) 즉흥적으로 하다 |
| extenuate | (죄, 과실) 경감시키다, 가볍게 하다 |
| extenuating | making less guilty or more forgivable |
| extort | to obtain through force, threat, or illicit means / EXTORTION n. |
| extrapolation | the act of estimation by projecting known information |
| extravagant | 사치하는, 낭비하는; 터무니 없는, 지나친 |
| extremity | the outermost point or edge; the geratest degree; grave danger; a limb or appendage of the body |
| extrinsic | not inherent of essential |
| extrovert | N an open outgoing person; a person whose attention is focused on others rather than on himself or herself |
| exude | 스며나오게 하다, 발산시키다 |
| exult | V to rejoice; to celebrate |
| exultant | 매우기뻐하는 |
| fabricate | 날조하다, 조작하다; 제작(조립)하다 |
| fabrication | N a lie; something made up |
| facade | the front of a building; the false front of a building; the false front or misleading appearance of anything |
| factious | produced by, or characterized by internal dissension, dissentious, divisive |
| factitious | artificial; not natural |
| factotum | a person who does all sorts of work; a handyman |
| faddish | 일시적으로 유행하는, 그런 유행을 좇는 |
| fainsay | v. to deny, dispute, contradict, oppose |
| falter | 비틀거리다; 주저하다; 말을 더듬다 |
| fanatic | 광신도, 열광자; 광적인 |
| Fanciful | (adj) whimsical, capricious; imaginary; freely imaginative rather than based on reason or reality |
| far-reaching | (효과·영향 등이) 멀리까지 미치는, 폭넓은, 지대한 영향을 가져올 |
| fashion | 만들어내다 |
| fastness | 요새, 안전한곳; 고정; 신속 |
| fatalist | N someone who believes that future events are already determined and that humans are powerless to change them (অদৃষ্টবাদী) |
| Fathom | (v) measure the depth of (usually of water) as with a sounding line; penetrate and discover the meaning of, understand |
| fatigue | 피로, 피곤 |
| faultfinding | 트집잡기 |
| faux pas | false step, mistake / FAUX: false |
| favor | 편애하다; 호의를 보이다, 찬성하다; 유리하다 |
| fawning | seeking flavor by flattering |
| faze | 당황하게 하다, 동요시키다 |
| fealty | (영주에 대한) 충성 |
| Feasible | (adj) possible; logical or likely; suitable |
| feeble | 연약한 |
| feisty | 적극적인, 원기왕성한 |
| fell | terribly evil, barbarous, brutal, cruel, roughshod, savage, vicious |
| feral | existing in a wild or untamed state |
| ferocity | 사나움, 광포함 |
| ferret | to search for something persistently, ferret out |
| ferret [v] | 찾다, 뒤지다 |
| fertile | 비옥한; 생산력이 풍부한 |
| ferver | passion or intense emotion |
| fester | decay; to generate pus |
| fetching | 매력적인 |
| fete | to celebrate a person, celebrate |
| fetish | an object of obsessive reverence, attention, or interest |
| feud | (두 집안 사이의 또는 여러 대에 걸친) 불화, 반복, 다툼 |
| figment | something made up or invented; a fabrication |
| filigree | n. an ornamental work, especially of delicate lacelike patterns, resembling such a pattern, v. to adorn |
| filthy | 매우 더러운; 추잡한, 난잡한, 비열한 |
| finagle | achieve something by means of trickery or devious methods, manage, wangle |
| finale | 공연의 마지막, 대미 |
| finicky | 몹시 까다로운 |
| firebrand | someone who deliberately creates trouble, inciter, instigant, instigator, provoker |
| fiscal | 재정의, 재무의, 회계의 |
| fissure | crevice |
| fit | 적당하다; 발작 |
| flabby | 살이 축 늘어진, 무기력한 |
| flaccid | 축 늘어진; 무기력한 |
| flamboyant | 눈부신, 화려한, 현란한 |
| flatter | 추켜세우다, 알랑거리다, (찬사 등으로) 기쁘게하다 |
| flay | 껍질을 벗기다; 남을 깎아내리다, 혹평하다 |
| fledging | beginner; novice |
| flee | 도망가다; 빠르게 지나가다, 사라지다 |
| fleece | to deceive, gazump, hook, overcharge, pluck, plume, rob, soak, surcharge |
| Fleeting | (adj) passing quickly, transitory |
| flimsy | 부서지기 쉬운, 약한; (주장이) 설득력이 없는 |
| fling | 거칠게 내던지다; 버리다, 폐기하다 |
| flip | sarcastic, impertinent |
| flippant | showing inappropriate levity, light-minded |
| flit | 휙 스치다 (지나가다) |
| float | 부유하다, 뜨다 |
| floppy | (옷이) 펄럭이는, 늘어진, 느슨한 |
| flora | plants of a region or era |
| flounder | behave awkwardly; have difficulties, stagger |
| flourish | en embellishment or ornamentation |
| flower | to flourish; to mature well |
| fluctuate | 변동하다 |
| fluke | Stroke of luck, something accidentally successful |
| flummox | be a mystery or bewildering to, amaze, baffle, beat, bewilder, dumbfound, get, gravel, mystify, nonplus, perplex, pose, puzzle, stick, stupefy, vex |
| flush | to be in abundance, bloom, blossom, efflorescence, flower, heyday, peak, prime |
| fluster | (특히 너무 많은 일로) 허둥지둥하게 만들다 |
| fodder | coarse food for livestock; raw material |
| foe | 적, 원수 |
| foil | 방해하다, 막다, 좌절시키다 |
| foolhardy | marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences, heady, rash, reckless |
| foot-dragging | 지체, 더딤, 주저 |
| footloose | 마음대로 할 수 있는, 구속없는 |
| foppish | overly dressed |
| for(e)swear | 포기하다; 위증하다 |
| forage | Wander in search of; rummage, hunt, make a raid |
| foray | raid, 진출, 습격; an initial venture |
| forebodding | sense of evil to come / FOREBODE: to be an omen of; to predict; to foretell |
| forebode | 전조가 되다 |
| foreclose | ... |
| foreknowledge | 선지, 예지, 통찰력 |
| forensic | related to or used in courts of law |
| Foreshadow | (v) indicate or suggest beforehand, presage |
| Forfeit | (v) surrender or lose as a result of an error, crime, or failure to fulfill an obligation |
| forge | 위조하다; (철을) 벼리다, 주조하다; 꾸준히 나아가다 |
| forgive | 용서하다; 빚을 탕감하다 |
| forlorn | marked by or showing hopelessness |
| formidable | menacing; threatening |
| formulaic | 도식적인, 공식에만 따른 |
| forte | a person's strong point, special talent, or specialty |
| forthcoming | available when required or as promised, approaching, coming, upcoming |
| forthright | characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion, blunt, candid, frank, free-spoken, outspoken, plainspoken, point-blank, straight-from-the-shoulder |
| Fortify | (v) strengthen, invigorate, encourage |
| forward | 앞으로의, 앞쪽에 있는; 뻔뻔한, 건방진 |
| foul | 불쾌하고 역겨운; (날씨) 사나운, 나쁜; (사람,언행) 사악한, 부도덕한, 저속한 |
| fragile | 약한, 부서지기 쉬운 |
| frail | (사람) 연약한, (사물) 약한, 깨지기 쉬운 |
| frantic | 광란의, 정신 없는, 미쳐날뛰는 |
| fraternize | 사귀다, 친해지다, 형제처럼 지내다 |
| fraudulent | 사기치는, 속이는 |
| fraught | 가득한, (정신) 괴로워하는, 걱정하는 |
| frenzy | 광란, 열광 |
| frequent | 자주 들르다 |
| fresco | a painting done on plaster |
| fretful | 안달하는, 초조해하는, 화내는, 언짢아하는 |
| friable | 잘 부서지는 |
| friction | 마찰, (사람 사이의) 갈등, 마찰 |
| frieze | ornamental band on a wall |
| Fringe | (n, adj) on the margin, periphery (adj); the people in a group who hold the most extreme views (noun) |
| frivolous | not serious in content or attitude or behavior |
| frothy | 거품같은; 가벼운, 경박한 |
| fruitful | productive; producing good or abundant results; successful |
| frustrate | hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of, baffle, bilk, cross, foil, queer, scotch, spoil, thwart, |
| fugitive | 도망자; 도망을 다니는; 덧없는, 금방사라지는 |
| full-fledged | 깃털이 다 난; 완전히 성장한 |
| fulmination | 심한 비난 |
| fulsome | so excessive as to be disgusting |
| fumble | 서툴게 다루다, 더듬거리다 |
| fusillade | a rapid outburst, as of gunfire |
| fusion | union; synthesis |
| fussy | 지나치게 꼼꼼한 |
| fustian | 과장되고 허풍 떠는 (말이나 글) |
| gaffe | a socially awkward or tactless act, faux pas, gaucherie, slip, solecism |
| gait | 걸음걸이 |
| gall | the trait of being rude and impertinent, cheekiness, crust, freshness, impertinence, impudence, insolence |
| gallant | 용감한; 정중한, 기사도적인 |
| gambit | a maneuver or risk in a game or conversation, designed to secure an advantage, ploy, stratagem |
| gamut | the full range (of something) |
| garble | 왜곡하다, (문장 등에 함부로 손을 대다); 혼동하다 |
| gargantuan | 거대한 |
| garish | 지나치게 화려한, 너무 요란한 |
| garnish | 장식하다 |
| gastronomy | the art of eating well / GASTRONOMIC |
| gaudy | (옷,장식) 지나치게 화려한, 세련되지 못한 |
| Gawky | (adj) physically awkward (esp. of a tall, skinny person, often used to describe teenagers) |
| genesis | beginning; origin; creation |
| genial | agreeable, conducive to comfort, kind |
| geniality | cheerfulness; kindliness; sociability |
| genre | n a type or category especially of art or writing |
| genuine | 진짜의; 순수혈통의, 순종의 |
| gesticulate | v to make gestures especially when speaking or in place of speaking |
| ghastly | horrible; shockingly horrible; frightful; ghostlike |
| gibberish | 이해할 수 없는 말, 글, 횡성수설 |
| gibe | 조롱(하다) |
| giddy | 경솔한, 경박한; 어지러운, 아찔한 |
| gill | the breathing organ of a fish |
| girder | a steel beam used in the frame of a building |
| Gist | (n) main idea, essence |
| glacial | Pertaining to glaciers; cold, icy, slow, unsympathetic |
| glance | 흘긋보기; 흘긋보다 |
| glaring | 눈부시게 빛나는; (색) 지나치게 야한; 눈에 띄는, 뻔한 |
| glean | collect information bit by bit, harvest, reap |
| glee | 큰 기쁨, 환희 |
| glide | 미끄러지듯 움직이다 |
| glimmer | 희미하게 빛나다 |
| gloss | ~에 주를 달다, ~을 주해(주석)하다; (over) 속이다, 둘러대다, 얼버무리다 |
| Goosebumps | (n) the bumps created by hairs standing up on the skin in response to cold, fear, etc. |
| gorge | 협곡, 좁은 골짜기; 잔뜩(실컷) 먹다 |
| gourmand | 미식가, 대식가 |
| grandiloquence | n. pompous speech or expression |
| grandstand | Perform showily in an attempt to impress onlookers |
| gratify | 만족시키다 |
| grating | Irritating; harsh or discordant (of a noise); scraping |
| gratis | free of charge |
| grave | 엄숙한, 진지한 |
| gravelly | 자갈같은, 자갈소리가 나는, 귀에 거슬리는 |
| gravity | n seriousness |
| green | 경험이 없는, 미숙한; 초목이 우거진 |
| grim | 엄격한, 단호한, 잔인한, 무서운, 섬뜩한, 무시무시한 |
| gripe | (사소한 일에) 불평하다 |
| gripping | 주의를 끄는, 흥미로운, 재미있는 |
| gritty | 용감한, 단호한 |
| grouch | 불평꾼, 짜증 잘내는 사람 |
| groundless | 근거없는 |
| groveling | 비굴한, 아첨하는; 기는 |
| growl | 으르렁 거리다 |
| grudge | 원한; 유감 |
| grueling | 몹시 힘든, 녹초로 만드는 |
| gruesome | 소름 끼치는, 오싹하는 |
| gruff | 퉁명스런, (목소리) 거친, 쉰 |
| grumble | 투덜거리다, 불평하다 |
| guarded | 조심하는, 신중한; 보호받는, 감시받는 |
| guffaw | laugh boisterously, laugh loudly |
| gull | 속이다 |
| gumption | resourcefulness and determination, backbone, grit, guts, moxie, sand |
| gust | (갑자기) 획 부는 바람, 돌풍 |
| gustatory | affecting the sense of taste |
| habituate | accustom; to train; to accustome to a situation |
| hagiographic | excessively flattering toward someone's life or work |
| hail | enthusiastically acclaim or celebrate something, herald |
| hairbreadth | 털끝만한 간격, 폭; 가까스로(의) |
| hale | 튼튼한, 원기왕성한 |
| halfhearted | 열성이 없는, 내키지 않는 |
| hallmark | A mark indicating quality, purity, genuineness, etc.; any distinguishing characteristic |
| hallucination | 환각 |
| halting | (말) 더듬거리는; 막히는 |
| ham-handed | 서투른, 실수하는 |
| hamper | prevent the progress or free movement of, cramp, halter, strangle |
| hamstring | 무력화하다, 좌절시키다; 다리를 절게하다; 방해하다 |
| hamstrung | made ineffective or powerless |
| hand-wringing | Grasping, squeezing, etc. of the hands as an expression of nervousness, guilt, etc.; extend debate over what to do about an issue |
| hangar | storage facility for planes |
| hangdog | 처량한, 부끄러워하는 |
| hankering | 갈망 |
| haphazard | marked by great carelessness; dependent upon or characterized by chance, slapdash, slipshod, sloppy, hit-or-miss |
| happenstance | n. a chance happening or event |
| harbor | 피난처를 제공하다, 숨겨주다 |
| hard-boiled | 현실적인, 실제적인; 무정한, 감상적이지 않은, 비정한 |
| hardheaded | 완고한, 고집센; 현실적인, 빈틈없는, 냉정한 |
| hard-nosed | 냉철한, 현실적인; 강경한 |
| Hardy | (adj) bold, brave, capable of enduring hardship, fatigue, cold, etc. |
| harebrained | 경솔한, 무모한 |
| harp | to repeat tediously; to go on and on about something / cf. CARP: complaining excessively or finding unreasonable fault |
| harried | troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances, annoyed, harassed, pestered, vexed |
| harrowing | extremely distressing; terrifying |
| harry | 괴롭히다, 못살게 굴다 |
| hasten | 서둘러 하다; 재촉하다 (앞당기다) |
| haughty | having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy, disdainful, imperious, lordly, overbearing, prideful, sniffy, supercilious, swaggering |
| haunt | 자주 가는 장소; (어떤 장소에) 귀신이 나타나다, (어떤 생각이) 계속 떠오르다 |
| hauteur | overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors, arrogance, haughtiness, high-handedness, lordliness |
| Haven | (adj) harbor or port; refuge, safe place |
| havoc | 대파괴, 황폐, 대혼란 |
| headlong | 무모하게, 성급하게 |
| headstrong | 고집센 |
| Hearken | (v) listen, pay attention to |
| hearten | 용기, 기운을 북돋어주다, 격려하다 |
| heart-rending | 마음을 찢어지게 하는, 매우 슬픈 |
| heated | 화난, 격렬한; 열렬한 |
| heavy-handed | 서투른, 솜씨없는; 고압적인, 가혹한 |
| heckle | 괴롭히다; 방해하다, 야유를 퍼붓다 |
| hector | to bully or intimidate, ballyrag, boss around, browbeat, bully, bullyrag, push around, strong-arm |
| heirloom | (집안의)가보 |
| helter-skelter | 허둥지둥, 허겁지겁 하는 |
| herbivorous | an animal that feeds mainly on plants |
| hererodox | unorthodox, heretical, iconoclastic |
| heretic | a person who holds unorthodox opinions in any field (not merely religion), misbeliever, religious outcast |
| heretical | violating accepted dogma or convention, unorthodox |
| heretofore | 이제까지, 여태까지 |
| hermeneutic | explanatory or interpretive |
| heroic | 영웅적인, 용감한 |
| heterodox | not widely accepted |
| hew | Strike, chop, or hack (as with an axe, sword. etc.); make or shape something (such as a statue) with a cutting tool |
| hiatus | n a break or interruption often from work ; |
| hieroglyph | 상형문자 |
| hieroglyphics | a system of writing in which pictorial symbols represent meanings or sounds; wirting or symbols that are difficult to decipher |
| hindrance | an obstacle; an obstruction; an annoying interference or delay |
| hiss | 쉿' 소리를 내다; 야유하다, (화난 어조로) 낮게 말하다[쉿 하고 말하다] |
| hitherto | 지금까지, 여태까지 |
| hoarse | (목소리가) 거친, 쉰 소리가 나는 |
| hoax | 짓궂은 속임수; 속이다 |
| hobble | to hold back the progress of something, gimp, hitch, limp |
| hobnob | (높은 신분과) 친하게 지내다, 사귀다 |
| hoist | 들어올리다 |
| hollow | 텅빈, 내용없는 |
| homage | Honor or respect demonstrated publicly |
| homeopathy | a system of natural healing |
| homeostasis | automatic maintenance by an organism in balance with itself |
| homiletics | the art of preaching |
| homogenize | to process a liquid so that its particles do not separate |
| homogenous | same throughout |
| hortative | (조언, 연설 등이) 격려하는; 충고의 |
| hospitable | 친절한, 대접을 잘 하는 |
| hotly | In an intense, fiery, or heated way |
| hound | to pursue relentlessly, hunt, trace |
| hue | 색깔, 색조 |
| humdrum | dull and lacking excitement, commonplace, prosaic, unglamorous, unglamourous,monotonous |
| humiliate | 굴욕스럽게하다 |
| hunch | 예감, 직감, 느낌 |
| husbandry | n thrifty management of resources ; livestock farming |
| husky | (소리가) 거친; 건장한 |
| hybrid | 잡종, 잡종의; 혼성체, 혼합물 |
| hygiene | 위생 |
| hypnotic | 최면에 걸리게 하는, 잠이오게하는 |
| hypocrite | one who makes false professions of his views |
| hypothetical | a uncertain ; unproven |
| ideology | n a system of social or political ideas |
| idiocy | 우둔함 |
| idiom | a use of words peculiar to to a paricular language |
| idle | 게으른, 나태한; (기계, 공장) 작동하지 않는, 사용되지 않는 |
| idolatrious | given to intense or excessive devotion to something |
| idolatrous | 우상숭배적인; 맹신하는 |
| idyll | n. a carefree, lighthearted pastoral or romantic episode or experience, a literary or musical piece describing such |
| ifnominious | shameful, dishonorable, ignoble, undignified, disgraceful |
| igneous | produced by fire; volcanic |
| ignominious | (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame, black, disgraceful, inglorious, opprobrious, shameful |
| ignominy | n deep disgrace (বেইজ্জতি). suffered the ignominy of being sent to prison |
| illegible | 읽을 수 없는, 해독불가한 |
| illiteracy | 무학, 문맹, 무교양 |
| illuminate | 조명하다, ~에 불을 비추다; (이해하기 쉽게) 밝히다, 명백히 설명해주다 |
| illustrate | (그림, 차트, 예를 이용해서) 설명하다 |
| illustrious | widely known and esteemed; having or conferring glory, celebrated, famed, famous, far-famed, notable, noted, renowned |
| imbibe | to drink or absorb as if drinking, absorb, draw, soak up, sop up, suck, suck up, take in, take up |
| immaterial | not relevant, extraneous, impertinent, orthogonal, incorporeal |
| immediate | (시간, 장소, 관계) 가까운, 즉각적인 |
| immemorial | 옛날의, 태고적의 |
| immerse | 푹 담그다; 열중, 몰두시키다 |
| immortalize | 불멸로 만들다, 불후의 명성을 주다 |
| immune | 면역의; 면제된 |
| immure | to enclose, usually in walls, gaol, imprison, incarcerate, jail, jug, lag, put away, put behind bars, remand |
| impassionate | 열정적인 |
| impeach | to accuse or indict; to challenge; call into question |
| impeachable | 탄핵/비난 받을 만한 |
| impediment | 장애물 |
| impel | 강요하다, 강제하다 |
| impending | close in time; about to occur, at hand, close at hand, imminent, impendent |
| impenetrable | 통과할 수 없는, 스며들 수 없는; 이해할 수 없는 |
| imperceptible | 지각/감지할 수 없는, 미세한, 경미한 |
| Imperial` | a like an emperor or an empire |
| imperil | transitive verb. to put at risk; endanger; synonyms |
| impertinent | being disrespectful; improperly forward or bold, fresh, impudent, overbold, sassy, saucy, smart, wise |
| impinge | to strike; encroach |
| implant | 심다, 이식하다, 박다, 주입하다 |
| implement | v to carry out |
| implicate | convey a meaning; imply, entail |
| Implication | (n) act of implying or that which is implied; close connection, esp. in an incriminating way |
| imponderable | impossible to estimate or figure out |
| importunate | persistent in asking |
| importune | v. to ask incessantly, beg, nag |
| importuned | beg persistently and urgently |
| impose | 부과하다, 지우다; 강제하다 |
| impostor | (다른 사람 행세를 하는) 사기꾼 |
| impotent | a powerless ; helpless ; unable to perform sexual intercourse (যৌনসঙ্গমে শক্তিহীন) |
| impoverish | to make indigent or poor; to make destitute |
| impregnable | immune to attack; incapable of being tampered with, inviolable, secure, strong, unassailable, unattackable |
| impresario | a person who manages public entertainments (especially operas, but other events as well.) |
| impressionable | (비판력 부족으로) 영향을 잘 받는; 감수성이 예민한 |
| improvident | not given careful consideration, ill-considered, ill-judged, shortsighted |
| imprudent | not wise |
| impudence | the characteristic of being impudent |
| inadequate | 불충분한, 부적당한 |
| inadvertenly | carelessly; unintentionally |
| inadvisable | 현명하지 못한 |
| inanimate | 살아있지 않은; 생명이 없는 |
| inanity | total lack of meaning or ideas, mindlessness, pointlessness, senselessness, vacuity |
| inarticulate | without or deprived of the use of speech or words, unarticulate |
| Inasmuch | (adv) in like manner, considering that (contradiction of "in as much," generally followed by "as") |
| inattentive | 주의를 기울이지 않는, 신경을 쓰지 않는 |
| incandescent | a brilliant ; giving off heat or light (ভাস্কর) |
| incapacitate | disable |
| incarcerate | 투옥시키다, 감금시키다 |
| Incendiary | (adj) setting on fire, pertaining to arson; arousing strife, rebellion, etc.; "inflaming" the senses |
| Incentive | (n) something that encourages greater action or effort, such as a reward |
| inception | 시작, 설립 |
| inch | 천천히 움직이다 |
| incidental | 부수적인; 우연적인 |
| incinerate | 소각하다 |
| incise | 자르다, 절개하다 |
| incite | 자극하다, 선동하다 |
| inclement | (of weather) unpleasant, stormy |
| inclination | tendency; preference; liking |
| incognito | 익명의, 무명의 |
| incoherent | (말, 글) 조리가 없는 |
| inconclusive | 결정적이지 않은 |
| incongruity | state of not fitting |
| inconsequencial | insgnificant; unimportant |
| Inconsequential | (adj) insignificant, unimportant; illogical |
| inconsistent | 일치하지 않는; 일관성없는; 모순적인 |
| inconsonant | 조화/일치되지 않는 |
| inconstancy | Fickleness, unreliability; the state of changing without good reason |
| incontrovertible | necessarily or demonstrably true; impossible to deny or disprove, demonstrable,irrefutable, positive |
| incriminate | 죄를 씌우다, 고소하다; ~이 유죄인 것처럼 보이게 하다 |
| inculpate | 혐의를 씌우다, 죄를 씌우다 |
| incumbent | necessary (for someone) as a duty or responsibility |
| indefeasible | 무효화할 수 없는, 파기할 수 없는 |
| indefinite | 막연한, 애매한, 불명확한 |
| indelible | 지울 수 없는; 잊을 수 없는 |
| indemnify | to guard or secure against anticipated loss |
| indenture | ~의 고용을 계약서로써 정하다; 기한부 도제로 받아들이다 |
| indict | to formally charge or accuse of wrong-doing |
| indifference | the trait of seeming not to care, apathy, numbness, spiritlessness, emotionlessness, impassiveness, impassivity, phlegm, stolidity, unemotionality |
| indigent | poor; having very little, destitute, impoverished, necessitous, needy, poverty-stricken |
| indignation | 분노, 분개 |
| indiscriminate | random, haphazard |
| indispensable | 필수불가결의 |
| indistinguishable | 구별안되는 |
| induce | to persuade; to influence; to cause / INDUCEMENT |
| indulge | 탐닉하다; 관대히 하다, ~가 제멋대로 하게 하다 |
| industrious | characterized by hard work and perseverance, hardworking, tireless, untiring |
| inedible | 먹을 수 없는, 못 먹는 |
| ineffable | too sacred to be uttered; defying expression or description, unnameable, unspeakable, unutterable,indefinable, indescribable, unspeakable, untellable |
| ineptitude | unskillfullness resulting from a lack of training |
| inequity | injustice by virtue of not conforming with rules or standards, unfairness |
| ineradicable | incapable of being removed or destroyed or eradicated |
| inestimable | 측량할 수 없는, 무수한 |
| inevitable | 피할 수 없는, 불가피한 |
| inexhaustible | 소모, 고갈되지 않는 |
| inexplicable | 설명될 수 없는, 난해한 |
| infallible | Incapable of error; certain |
| infamous | a shamefully wicked ; having an extremely bad reputation ; disgraceful |
| infer | v to conclude ; to deduce |
| infiltrate | 잠입하다 |
| infirm | 허약한; (마음) 불확실한 |
| inflame | 불타게하다, 격앙(격분)시키다; (상황을) 악화시키다 (겉잡을 수 없게 만들다) |
| inflammable | extremely controversial, incendiary |
| inflate | 부풀리다; (사실과 다르게) 부풀리다, 과장하다 |
| influx | inflow |
| Inform | (v) inspire, animate; give substance, essence, or context to; be the characteristic quality of |
| infrangible | 파괴할 수 없는; (정신력이) 강한; 위반해서는 안되는, 불가침의 |
| infringe | to violate; to encroach or trespass |
| infuriate | 몹시 화나게 하다, 분노케하다 |
| ingenous | naive and trusting; lacking sophistication |
| ingenuity | the power of creative imagination, cleverness, ingeniousness, inventiveness |
| Ingrained | (adj) deep-rooted, forming part of the very essence; worked into the fiber |
| inhere | to be inherent or innate to something |
| inhibit | 억제(저해)하다; (불안하거나 당황해서) (...하지) 못하게 하다 |
| injudicious | showing lack of judgement, unwise, imprudent, indiscreet |
| injunction | n a command or order especially a court order |
| inkling | a slight suggestion or vague understanding, glimmer, glimmering, intimation |
| innervate | v. to supply with nerves, energize |
| inopportune | (시기) 부적절한 |
| inquisition | ruthless questioning; an official investigation characterized by cruelty |
| insentient | 무감각한, 비정한, 생명 없는 |
| insight | 직관력, 통찰력 |
| insolvent | unable to pay one's bills; bankrupt |
| insouciance | lack of concern, carefreeness, lightheartedness, lightsomeness |
| instable | 불안정한 |
| instigate | v to provoke ; to stir up;exhort;egg (উসকান) |
| instill | (점차적으로) 주입하다 |
| insubstantial | 실질적이지 않은, 대단치 않은, 미약한; 실체가 없는, 공허한 |
| insufferable | intolerable, difficult to endure, impossible, unacceptable, unsufferable |
| insularity | narrow-mindedness; isolation |
| insulate | to set off in a detached position |
| insurgent | n a rebel ; someone who revolts against a government (বিদ্রোহী) |
| intact | 온전한, 손대지 않은, 전혀 손상되지 않은 |
| intangible | not material |
| integrate | unite |
| integrity | 정직, 청렴; (나뉘지 않고) 완전한 상태, 온전함, 보전 |
| Intelligible | (adj) able to understood, clear |
| intemperate | 무절제한, 방탕한; 과음(폭음)하는 |
| intensify | 심화시키다; 강화시키다 |
| intercede | 탄원하다[선처를 호소하다/중재에 나서다] |
| interdiction | a prohibition against something |
| interdisciplinary | 학제적인 (여러 학문 분야가 관련된) |
| interfere | 간섭 (개입/참견)하다 |
| interim | 중간의, 임시의 |
| interloper | intruder; trespasser; unwanted person |
| interlude | an intervening episode; an intermission; a pause |
| intermittent | stopping and starting at irregular intervals |
| interplay | Interaction, reciprocal relationship or influence |
| interpolate | to insert; change by adding new words or material |
| interpose | (두 사람, 물건 사이에) 두다[넣다]; (대화 중에 질문, 발언을) 덧붙이다, 끼어들다 |
| interrogate | 심문하다 |
| intersperse | to distribute among, mix with; to place at intervals |
| intertwine | 얽히게 하다 |
| intimidate | 위협하다 |
| intransigence | stubbornness; refusal to compromise |
| intrigue | plot, mystery; a secret scheme; a crafty plot |
| intriguing | 호기심을 자아내는, 재미를 자아내는; 매력적인 |
| introspection | 내성, 자기성찰 |
| introverted | 내성적인, 내향적인 |
| intrusive | 거슬리는; 간섭, 참견하는 |
| invalidate | 틀렸음을 입증하다; 무효로 하다 |
| inventory | 재고목록, 품목 일람, 재고조사 |
| invert | 거꾸로 하다 |
| invigorate | 기운나게하다, 격려하다 |
| invincible | 이길 수 없는, 무적의 |
| inviolable | never to be broken, infringed, or dishonored, impregnable, secure, strong, unassailable, unattackable |
| inviolate | must be kept sacred, inviolable, sacrosanct |
| involved | complicated, and difficult to comprehend, byzantine, convoluted, knotty, tangled, tortuous |
| invulnerable | 상처입힐 수 없는, 해칠 수 없는, 안전한 |
| irate | angry; extremely angry |
| irenic | 평화[협조]적인 |
| iridescnet | displaying glowing, changing colors / IRIDESCENCE |
| irk | irritate or vex, gall |
| ironic | a meaning the opposite of what you seem to say ; using words to mean something other than what they seem to mean |
| irreconcilable | (차이가 너무 커서) 해소할 수 없는, 화해될 수 없는; (사상, 의견이) 양립할 수 없는 |
| irrefutable | impossible to deny or disprove, incontrovertible, positive |
| irregular | 고르지(가지런하지) 못한; (시간적 간격이) 불규칙적인; 변칙적인, 비정상적인 |
| irreproachable | 비난의 여지가 없는, 흠잡을 데 없는 |
| irresolution | 주저함, 마음의 불확실 |
| irreverent | 불손한, 불경스런 |
| irritation | 화, 짜증; 염증, 아픔 |
| issue | 나오다, 흘러나오다; 방출하다, 지급하다; 발표하다 |
| itinerate | v. to travel from place to place |
| jaded | 지친, 지긋지긋한, 싫증난 |
| jaundice | to be biased against due to envy or prejudice |
| jaundiced | havind a yellowish discoloration of the skin; affected by envy |
| jaunt | a short pleasure trip |
| jeer | 야유, 조롱하다 |
| jingoist | a person who thinks that their country should be at war, chauvinist, flag-waver, hundred-percenter, jingo, patrioteer |
| jittery | 신경질적인, 초조해하는 |
| jocund | high-spirited |
| jovial | full of or showing high-spirited merriment, i.e. happiness, gay, jocund, jolly, merry, mirthful |
| jubilant | full of high-spirited delight because of triumph or success, exultant, exulting, prideful, rejoicing, triumphal, triumphant,elated, gleeful, joyful |
| jubilation | exultation |
| juxtaposition | 병렬, 병치 |
| knack | 요령, 비결, 재주 |
| knotty | 매듭으로 가득한; 복잡한, 풀기 어려운 |
| kowtow | to bow or act in a subservient manner, bootlick, fawn, kotow, suck up, toady, truckle |
| label | a name or phrase given to a group of things to identify them (often negative) |
| laborious | characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort, arduous, backbreaking, grueling, gruelling, hard, heavy, operose, punishing, toilsome |
| labyrinth | n a maze ; something like a maze maze (গোলকধাঁধা) |
| lacerate | deeply hurt the feelings of; distress |
| Lackluster | (adj) not shiny; dull, mediocre, lacking brilliance or vitality |
| lag | 꾸물거리다, 처지다 |
| laic | 속인의; 속인, 평신도 |
| laity | 평신도, 문외한, 아마추어 |
| lambast | criticize severely or angrily, bawl out, berate, call down, call on the carpet, chew out, chew up, chide, dress down, have words, jaw, lambaste, lecture, rag, rebuke, remonstrate, reprimand, reproof, scold, take to task, trounce |
| lambaste | to trash verbally or physically |
| Landmark | (n, adj) object (such as a building) that stands out and can be used to navigate by; very important place, event, etc. |
| landslide | (산)사태; 압도적 승리 |
| languish | become feeble, fade |
| languor | 쇠약; 무기력, 권태; 무관심 |
| lapidary | relating to precious stones or the art of cutting them |
| lapse | (일시적인) 쇠퇴, 잘못, 과실 |
| largess or largesse | Generosity, the giving of money or gifts (esp. with the implication that the giver is a bit superior to the recipient) |
| largesse | generous giving (as of money) to others who may seem inferior; generosity |
| larval | 애벌레의; 미숙한 |
| lax | Not strict; careless, loose, slack |
| laxity | carelessness / LAX: negligent; lazy; irresponsible; careless; not diligent; relaxed; not strick or firm; loose or slack |
| layman | nonprofessional; a person who is not a member of the clergy / LAITY: layman collectively |
| Layperson | (n) a person who is not a member of the clergy or not a member of a particular profession (such as medicine, law, etc.) |
| leaden | 납빛의, 탁한 회색의; 무거운; 활기없는 |
| leaning | 기호, 편애 |
| learned | 유식한 |
| leaven | to raise dough |
| legacy | n something handed down from the past ; a bequest, a gift made by a will (উত্তরাধিকার) |
| legendary | 전설적인, 매우 유명한 |
| legible | 읽을 수/이해할 수 있는 |
| lenient | (처벌, 규칙 적용이) 관대한 |
| lettered | 박식한, 교육받은; 글자를 넣은 |
| levee | en embankment that prevents a river from overflowing |
| leviathan | 거대한 바다괴물; 거대한 것 |
| Levy | (v, n) collect tax from, wage war on, or enlist for military service (verb); act of collecting tax or amount owed, or the drafting of troops into military service (noun) |
| liaison | connection; association; alliance; secret love affair |
| liberality | 후함; 관대함 |
| liberalize | (법률, 정치, 종교적 시스템을) 완화하다; 관대하게 하다 |
| liberate | 해방시키다; 자유롭게(벗어나게) 해주다 |
| libido | sexual desire |
| license | 허락, 인가하다 |
| lighthearted | 걱정이 없는, 쾌활한, 명랑한 |
| ligneous | woodlike |
| liken | 비유하다, 비견하다 |
| Likewise | (adv) also, in addition to; similarly, in the same way |
| lilliputian | extremely small |
| limp | 절뚝거리다; 기운없는, 축 처진(늘어진); 흐물흐물한, 흐느적거리는 |
| linger | (아쉬운 듯이) 남아있다, (떠나지 않고) 꾸물거리다; 서성대다 |
| linguistic | pertaining to language |
| list | v. to tilt or lean to one side |
| literati | scholarly of learned persons |
| lithe | 유연한, 우아한 |
| litigant | person involved in a lawsuit |
| litigate | v to try in court ; to engage in legal proceedings |
| litigation | legal proceedings |
| loaf | 빈둥거리다 |
| loath | unwillingness to do something contrary to your custom (usually followed by 'to'), loth, reluctant, antipathetic, antipathetical, averse, indisposed |
| loathe | 혐오하다 |
| loathsome | 혐오스러운 |
| locus | (특정) 위치, 장소 |
| lofty | 높은, 높이 솟은; 숭고한; 오만한, 거만한 |
| loll | to hang out lazily |
| longevity | 장수, 오래 지속됨 |
| lope | to run at a steady, easy pace |
| lopsided | 한쪽으로 기울어진; 불균형의 |
| lout | goon; boor; oaf; clod / LOUTISH |
| lubricate | 기름칠하다, 매끄럽게 하다, 원활하게 하다 |
| lucrative | 수지 맞는, 돈벌이가 되는 |
| lucre | money or profits |
| lukewarm | (물) 미지근한; 열의없는 |
| Lull | (n, v) soothe or cause to fall asleep (as in a lullaby); quiet down; make to feel secure, sometimes falsely (verb); a period of calm or quiet (noun) |
| luminary | 선각자, 권위자, 유명인 |
| lurch | (갑자기) 휘청하다(휘청거리다) |
| lurid | Gruesome or excessively vivid; sensational, shocking, unrestrained |
| lurk | 잠복하다, 숨어서 기다리다 |
| luster | 광택 |
| lustrous | shining |
| luxuriant | 무성한, 비옥한, 풍성한 |
| luxurious | 사치스런; 호사스런 |
| lyrical | suitable for poetry and song, expressing feeling |
| macabre | suggesting the horror of death and decay; gruesome, ghastly, grim, grisly ,sick |
| mace | a medieval war club |
| macerate | to soften by soaking; 물에 불리다 |
| machiavellian | crafty; double-dealing |
| machinate | engage in plotting or enter into a conspiracy, swear together, cabal, complot, conjure, conspire |
| machination or machinations | Crafty schemes or plots |
| machinations | plots or schemes |
| maculate | 반점이 있는, 더러워진; 반점을 찍다, 더럽히다 |
| madcap | 무모한, 무분별한, 황급한, 미친 |
| magisterial | offensively self-assured or given to exercising unwarranted power, autocratic, bossy, dominating, high-and-mighty, peremptory |
| magnaminity | generosity; nobility |
| magniloquent | 호언 장담하는, 과장된 |
| maintain | to assert, defend |
| majestic | 장엄한, 위풍당당한 |
| Makeshift | (n, adj) a temporary, often improvised, substitute (noun); improvised for temporary use (adj) |
| malady | a disease or sickness, illness, sickness, unwellness |
| malapropism | the confusion of a word with another word that sounds similar, malaprop |
| malefactor | evildoer, culprit; a person who does a bad things <-> benefactor |
| malicious | 악의[적의]있는, 심술궂은 |
| malign | to speak evil of |
| malingerer | someone shirking their duty by pretending to be sick or incapacitated, shammer, skulker |
| malodorous | having an unpleasant smell, ill-smelling, malodourous, stinky, unpleasant-smelling |
| mania | madness |
| maniac | 광적으로 열중하는 사람 |
| manifesto | n a public declaration of beliefs or principles usually political ones |
| manipulate | 조종하다; 교묘하게 다루다, 조작하다 |
| manumit | 해방하다 |
| marbled | 대리석 무늬의 |
| marshal | v to arrange in order ; to gather together for the purpose of doing something ; |
| mask | 숨기다, 가리다 |
| massacre | 대학살 |
| masterful | 명인 솜씨의, 대가의, 훌륭한 |
| masticate | 씹다 |
| matchless | 적수가 없는, 대단한 |
| matriculation | 입학, 입학허가 |
| matter-of-fact | 현실적인, 실질적인; 사무적인 |
| maven | 전문가 |
| mawkish | overly sentimental to the point that it is disgusting, bathetic, drippy, hokey, kitschy, maudlin, mushy, schmaltzy, schmalzy, sentimental, slushy, soppy, soupy |
| mean | 못된, 심술궃은; 인색한 |
| meander | to wander aimlessly, thread, wander, weave, wind |
| measly | (양) 아주 조금인, 쥐꼬리만한 |
| measured | 정확히 측정한; 균형잡힌, 신중한 |
| mecurial | characterized by rapid and unpredictable change in mood |
| meddle | 참견하다 |
| meddlesome | inclined to interfere |
| mediocre | 보통밖에 안되는, 썩 좋지는 않은 |
| meek | 온순한, 유순한 |
| meet | 적절한 |
| megalomania | delusions of power or importance |
| meld | 혼합하다 |
| melee | a wild, confusing fight or struggle, battle royal, scrimmage |
| melodious | 듣기 좋은 |
| menace | 위협하는 것(사람); 위협하다 |
| menagerie | a variety of animals kept together |
| mend | 고치다, 수선하다; (문제, 불화 등을) 해결하다 |
| menegerie | zoo; a collection of animals |
| menial | 하인의, 비천한 |
| merge | 융합, 합병하다 |
| merit | (칭찬 · 관심 등을) 받을 만하다, 자격이 있다, 가치가 있다 |
| metamorphose | 변형하다 |
| metaphor | figure of speech comparing two different things |
| metaphoric(al) | 은유의, 은유적인 |
| metaphysical | Concerned with abstract thought, related to metaphysics (branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the nature of being and of the world); very subtle or abstruse |
| metaphysics | a branch of philosophy tha tinvestigates the ultimate nature of reality |
| meteoric | like a meteor in speed or brilliance or transience |
| metereological | concerned with the weather |
| methodical | 질서정연한, 체계적인, 꼼꼼한 |
| mettle | courage; endurance |
| milestone | 이정표; 기념비적인(획기적인) 사건, 일 |
| milk | v. to exploit, to squeeze every last ounce of |
| millennium | a period of 1000 years; a thousandth anniversary |
| mince | v. pronounce or speak affectedly or too carefully, euphemized, take tiny steps, tiptoe |
| mindful | 인식하는, 알고 있는, ~에 유념하는 |
| mint | 대량, 다량; 화폐주조소, 조폐국; 주조하다 |
| minute | 매우 작은; 하찮은; 상세한, 세세한 |
| minutia | petty details |
| minutia(e) | 작고 사소한 세부사항 |
| mired | Stuck, entangled (in something, like a swamp or muddy area), soiled |
| misanthrope or misanthropist | Hater of humankind |
| misapprehension | misunderstanding |
| misattribute | To erroneously attribute; to falsely ascribe; used especially of authorship. |
| miscellaneous | 갖가지 잡다한; 잡동사니의 |
| miscellany | mixture of writtings on various subjects |
| misconstrue | interpret in the wrong way, be amiss, misapprehend, misconceive, misinterpret, misunderstand |
| misdemean | 나쁜 행동을 하다 |
| miser | a person who doesn't like to spend money (because they are greedy) |
| mishap | 불행한 일 |
| mislead | 속이다, 오도하다 |
| misnomer | 오칭, 부적절한 명칭 |
| mnemonic | realated to memory; assisting memory |
| mode | prevailing style; method of doing; type; manner; fashion |
| moderate | 완화시키다, 누그러뜨리다 |
| Modest | (adj) humble; simple rather than showy; decent (esp. "covering up" in terms of dress); small, limited |
| modish | Stylish, contemporary |
| modulation | toning down, changing from one key to another / MODULATE: to reduce or regulate; to lessen the intensity of |
| mold | 만들다, 주조하다 |
| mollycoddle | to pamper; to spoil someone with kind treatment |
| moment | significant and important value, consequence, import |
| momentous | 매우 중요한 |
| monopolize | 독점하다 |
| moot | open to argument or debate; undecidable in a meaningless or irrelevant way, arguable, debatable, disputable |
| moralistic | 지나치게 도덕적인, 도덕주의자처럼 구는 |
| morbid | 병의, 병적인 |
| mordant | biting and caustic in thought, manner, or style, caustic, corrosive, erosive, vitriolic,black, grim |
| Moreover | (adv) besides; in addition to what was just stated |
| moribund | being on the point of death; declining rapidly losing all momentum in progress, stagnant |
| morph | To undergo dramatic change in a seamless and barely noticeable fashion. |
| motif | a recurring theme or idea |
| motility | spontaneous movement |
| mottle | 점, 얼룩을 묻히다 |
| muddle | 뒤죽박죽을 만들다; 혼란스럽게 하다 |
| muffle | 소리를 죽이다 (약하게 하다); (따뜻하게 하기 위해) 감싸다(덮다) |
| mulct | to defraud or swindle, bunco, con, defraud, diddle, gip, goldbrick, gyp, hornswoggle, nobble, rook, scam, short-change, swindle, victimize |
| mulish | 고집스런 |
| multifaceted | having many aspects |
| municipal | pertaining to a city (or town) and its government |
| murky | 어둑어둑한, 안개가 자욱한, 모호한, 애매한 |
| muse | to ponder; to meditate |
| muster | to gather one's forces; to assemble for battle or inspection; to summon up / TO PASS MUSTER: to be found to be acceptable |
| mutability | 변화성 |
| mutate | 변화하다, 변화시키다 |
| mute | 무언의, 침묵하는; 약화, 완화하다 |
| muted | softened, subdued, hushed, quiet, subdued |
| mutiny | 반항, 반란, 폭동 |
| mystic | otherworldly; mysterious; enigmatic |
| necessitate | 필요하게 하다 |
| necromancy | black magic |
| negligent | 태만한; 적절한 주의를 기울이지 못하는 |
| negligible | so small as to be meaningless; insignificant, paltry, trifling |
| nervy | 건방진, 뻔뻔스런 |
| nescient | not knowing, or ignorant |
| nest | to fit snugly together; to make a home |
| Net | (adj, v) remaining after expenses or other factors have been deducted; ultimate (adj); to bring in as profit or to catch as in a net (verb) |
| Nevertheless/Nonetheless | (adv) however, even so, despite that |
| newfangled | new; untested |
| nibble | 조금씩 물어뜯다, 잠식하다 |
| nimble | 빠른, 날렵한; 민첩한,영리한 |
| nirvana | a blissful, painless, worry-free state |
| nitpick | 트집잡다 |
| nocturnal | 밤의, 야행성의 |
| nomad | 유목민, 방랑자 |
| nomadic | wondering from place to place; without a permanent home |
| nomenclature | a set or system of names; a designation; a terminology |
| nonchalant | coming across as uninterested or unconcerned; overly casual, casual, insouciant |
| noncommittal | 분명한 의견을 표명하지 않은, 애매한, 확실하지 않은 |
| nonconformity | (표준, 전통, 규칙, 법률 등) 따르지 않음, 불순응, 불일치 |
| nondescript | 뚜렷한 특징이 없는, 평범한 |
| nonentity | 별 볼일 없는(보잘것 없는) 사람 |
| nonplus | 어찌할 줄 모르게 하다, 당황(혼란)스럽게 하다 |
| nontrivial | Important or big enough to matter |
| notch | (V자형 모양) 새김눈; 급, 단계 |
| Notoriety | (n) ill fame; the state of being well-known for a disgraceful reason |
| novice | 초보자 |
| nugatory | trifling; invalid |
| numberless | 셀 수 없이 많은 |
| nurture | 양육하다, 돌보다 |
| oafish | 우둔한, 바보의 |
| obeisant | 정중한 |
| obese | 비만의 |
| obfuscation | something that causes confusion |
| Objective | (adj) factual, related to reality or physical objects; not influenced by emotions, unbiased |
| obliging | showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others, complaisant |
| oblivious | 알아채지 못한, 염두에 없는, 망각한 |
| obloquy | 악평, 비난, 오명, 불명예 |
| obscenity | 저속한 행동,말 |
| obsequy | funeral ceremony |
| observant | 지각력이 예민한, 기민한 |
| obsolescence | 쇠퇴함, 퇴행 |
| Obsolete | (adj) out of date, no longer in use |
| obstructionist | (입법행위) 의사방해자 |
| offbeat | 색다른 |
| offend | 불쾌하게 하다 |
| Offhand | (adj) casual, informal; done without preparation or forethought; rude in a short way, brusque |
| Offset | (v, n) counteract, compensate for (verb); a counterbalance (noun) |
| ogle | flirt; to stare at, especially in a disrespecful or suggestive way |
| ominous | threatening; menacing; portending doom |
| omnipresent | unverisally present, ubiquitous |
| omnivorous | animal eats all kinds of food, including meat and plants |
| onomatopeia | formation or use of words that imitate sounds of the actions they refer to |
| onset | (특히 불쾌한 일의) 시작 |
| opportune | (시기, 시간) 적절한 |
| opportunistic | 기회주의적인 |
| opprobium | public disgrace; contempt |
| opprobrious | damning; extremely critical; disgraceful (K38) |
| Optimal/Optimum | (adj) best, most desirable or favorable |
| opulence | wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living, luxuriousness, luxury, sumptuousness |
| oracle | 계시, (신탁) 예언자 |
| orator | 웅변가, 대중연설가 |
| ordinance | law; regulation; decree / vs. ORDNANCE: military weapons or artillery |
| orient | (~을) 지향하게 하다; (특정 목적에) 맞추다; (새로운 상황에) 적응하다(익숙해지다) |
| ornate | marked by elaborate rhetoric and elaborated with decorative details, flowery |
| ornithologist | scientist who studies birds |
| oscillation | n. the act or state of swinging back and forth with a steady, uninterrupted rhythm |
| osmosis | gradual or subtle absorption 삼투성, (조금씩) 흡수함 |
| ossified | changed into bone, made rigidly conventional and unreceptive to change |
| ostensible or ostensive | Professed, evident, or pretended; outwardly appearing in a certain way |
| ostentation | excessive showiness |
| ostracize | exclude from a community or group, ban, banish, blackball, cast out, ostracise, shun |
| ouster | an instance of ousting |
| outcome | 결과 |
| outdated | 구식의 |
| outgrowth | a result; a part growing out of something else; a consequence |
| outlandish | 별난, 기이한, 희한한; 이국적인 |
| outlaw | 범법자, 무법자; 금하다 |
| outmoded | 구식의 |
| outspoken | 거침없이 말하는; 솔직한 |
| Outstrip | (v) surpass, exceed; be larger or better than; leave behind |
| overbearing | 고압적인,거만한; 압도적인 |
| overhaul | 정밀 점검하다; 전면 개보수하다; (경주에서 남을) 앞지르다 |
| overpower | 제압하다; 압도하다, 사로잡다 |
| overriding | 가장 중요한, 최우선의 |
| overrule | (결정 등) 뒤엎다, 파기하다 |
| Overshadow | (v) cast a shadow over, darken; dominate, make to seem less important |
| overt | 공공연한, 명백한, 숨김없는 |
| overture | advance, proposal, musical introduction; opening move; preliminary offer |
| overwhelming | 압도적인 |
| oxymoron | a figure of speech in which two contradictory words or phrases are used together |
| palatable | acceptable to the taste or mind, toothsome |
| palaver | speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly and incessantly, blab, blabber, chatter, clack, gabble, gibber, maunder, piffle, prate, prattle, tattle, tittle-tattle, twaddle |
| paleonthology | study of past geological eras through fossil remains |
| palimpsest | something that has been changed numerous times but on which traces of former iterations can still be seen |
| palindrome | a word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward |
| palliative | (병 · 아픔을) 완화하는; (병 · 아픔의) 완화제 |
| palpitate | (심장) 빠르게 뛰다 |
| palter | 둘러대다, 얼버무리다, 속이다 |
| pandemonium | 대혼란 |
| parable | religious allegory; fable; morality tale; 우화, 비유(담), 비유하여 얘기하다 |
| paradoxical | seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true, self-contradictory |
| parallel | 평행한; 유사한 것 |
| paralyze | 마비시키다 |
| paramount | 가장 중요한; 최고의 |
| paranoia | ... |
| paranormal | supernatural |
| parasite | 기생 식물(동물) |
| parity | 동등, 동격, 동량 |
| parlance | (특정 집단 등의) 말투(어법/용어) |
| parquet (parquetry) | a type of floor using pattern of inlaid wooden pieces |
| parsimony | 인색함 |
| Partial | (adj) biased, prejudiced, favoring one over the others; having a special liking for something or someone (usually partial to) |
| partition | division; dividing wall |
| parvenu | a person who has suddenly become wealthy, but not socially accepted as part of a higher class, arriviste, nouveau-riche, upstart |
| pathos | that which makes people feel pity or sorrow, 비감, 애수, 비애감 vs. BATHOS: trite, insincere, sentimental pathos 꾸민 (지나친) 감상 |
| patina | surface discoloration caused by age and oxidation; 녹청, (골동품 등의) 고색창연한 빛 |
| patois | jargon; a regional dialect |
| patrimony | an inheritance, especially from a father; a legacy |
| patronage | 후원 |
| Patronizing | (adj) condescending, having a superior manner, treating as an inferior |
| pauper | 빈곤자, 빈민 |
| peculate | embezzle, steal / IMPECUNIOUS |
| peculiar | unusual; bizarre; individual; belonging to a particular region |
| pecuniary | relating to or involving money, monetary |
| pedagogue | 선생님; 교육자; 남을 가르치기 좋아하는 사람 |
| pedagogy | n. the art or profession or training, teaching, or instructing |
| peddle | Travel around while selling; sell illegally; give out or disseminate |
| peerless | 적수가 없는, 최고의 |
| peeve | 화나게 하다 |
| peevish | easily irritated or annoyed, cranky, fractious, irritable, nettlesome, peckish, pettish, petulant, scratchy, techy, testy, tetchy |
| pell-mell | 뒤죽박죽, 황급한 |
| penetrate | 관통하다, 꿰뚫다; (사실, 진리) 간파하다, 통찰하다, 이해하다 |
| penitential | expression of regret for one's wrongdoing |
| penumbra | Outer part of a shadow from an eclipse; any surrounding region, fringe, periphery; any area where something "sort of" exists |
| pep | 활기, 원기, 활력 |
| per se | Intrinsically; by itself; in itself |
| perceive | to be aware of, to sense or feel, comprehend |
| perceptive | 통찰력(직관력)있는; 지각의 |
| percipient | highly perceptive, clear |
| perforate | 구멍 뚫다 |
| perimeter | 주변, 주위; 한계, 한도 |
| Peripheral | (adj) relating to or making up an outer boundary or region; not of primary importance |
| permeable | penetrable |
| permute | 변경하다, 순서를 바꾸다 |
| peroration | conclusion of an oration / PERORATE: to speakm formally |
| perpetual | 영원한 |
| perpetuate | cause to continue |
| perplex | 혼란, 당혹스럽게 하다 |
| persecute | (특히 인종, 종교, 정치적 이유로) 박해하다; 귀찮게(못살게)굴다 |
| persevere | 인내하다, 견디다 |
| persistent | 끈질긴, 집요한; 지속하는 |
| personify | ~을 전형적으로 보여주다; 의인화하다 |
| perspective | 관점, 시각 |
| perspicuous | 명확한, 명료한 |
| pertain | (특정한 상황, 때에) 적용되다; 관계있다 |
| pertinacious | 끈질긴, 끈덕진, 완고한, 고집센 |
| perverse | unreasonable; contrary; stubborn |
| pester | 괴롭히다, 끈덕지게 조르다 |
| petrify | v. to make hard or rocklike, to paralyze with fear |
| petrous | like a rock, hard, stony |
| petty | 사소한, 하찮은; 옹졸한, 째째한 |
| phantasm | apparition; ghost; phantom |
| phantasmagorical | illusive; unreal, phantasmagoric, surreal, surrealistic |
| phantom | 유령, 혼령; 환영, 환상 |
| phenomenal | 경이로운, 대단한; 경험으로 알 수 있는, 현상의 |
| philanthropic | humanitarian, benevolent |
| phoenix | anything that is restored after suffering great destruction |
| Phony | (adj) fake, counterfeit; insincere, not genuine |
| physiognomy | facial features |
| picaresque | involving clever rogues or adventurers |
| picayune | trifling or petty (a person), fiddling, footling, lilliputian, little, niggling, petty, piddling, piffling, trivial |
| picturesque | picture-like, charming, quaint |
| pied | multicolored, usually in blotches |
| piety | devoutness |
| pilfer | 훔치다 |
| pinion | 손발을 묶다, 구속/속박하다 |
| pinnacle | the highest point, acme, elevation, height, meridian, peak, summit, superlative, tiptop, top |
| pirate | v. to use or reproduce illegally |
| pitfall | 함정, 숨겨진 위험 |
| pittance | a small amount (of money) |
| plagiarism | 표절 |
| plague | 괴롭히다 |
| plangent | pounding, thundering, resounding |
| plasticity | pliability; condition of being able to be shaped or formed |
| platitudinous | 진부한 |
| plaudit | 박수, 갈채, 찬양 |
| Plausible | (n) believable; having the appearance of truth |
| plead | 간청하다, (법원에서) 탄원하다 |
| plebian | Of the common people |
| plenitude | 풍성함 |
| pliant | 모양이 잘 휘는; 고분고분한 |
| plight | sad situation; a dangerous, distressing, or unpleasant situation; 곤경, 궁지, 어려운 상태 |
| plodding | (of movement) slow and laborious, leaden |
| plot | 음모; (극, 이야기) 구성, 플롯 |
| ploy | a clever plan to turn a situation to one's advantage, gambit,stratagem |
| pluralistic | including a variety of groups |
| poised | 차분한, 침착한 |
| polarity | 양극성 |
| Polarized | (adj) divided into sharply opposed groups |
| polemics | the art or practice of controversy and argumentation |
| Pollyannaish | extremely optimistic, cheerful, upbeat |
| pompous | (태도, 말) 오만한, 거만한, 과장된 |
| ponder | 심사숙고하다 |
| pontificate | talk in a dogmatic and pompous manner |
| pool | (자금, 정보 등을) 공동 출자하다; ~을 공동 이권으로 하다 |
| portend | ~의 전조가 되다, ~을 예고하다 |
| poseur | poerson who affects an attitude to impress others |
| posterior | <-> ANTERIOR |
| posterity | future generations; descendants; heirs |
| Posthumous | (adj) happening or continuing after death |
| posture | to act or speak artificially or affectedly; (~인)체하다 |
| potable | 마시기에 적당한 |
| powwow | an informal meeting or discussion |
| precatious | uncertain, risky, dangerous |
| precede | 선행하다, 우선하다 |
| precedent | an example that is used to justify similar occurrences at a later time, case in point |
| precipice | 절벽, 낭떨어지, 위기, 궁지, 위험한 상태 |
| precipitation | 서두르기, 허둥대기; 강수, 강우; 침전 |
| precis | short summary of facts |
| précis | Concise summary, abstract |
| precocious | characterized by or characteristic of exceptionally early development or maturity (especially in mental aptitude) |
| preconception | 편견 |
| predetermined | 미리 결정된 |
| predicament | a dangerous or unpleasant situation; a dilemma |
| Predisposed | (adj) having an inclination or tendency beforehand; susceptible |
| predisposition | tendency, inclination |
| predominate | 지배적이다, 우세하다; 통제권이나 권력을 가지다/행사하다 |
| Pre-empt | (v) prevent; take the place of, supplant; take before someone else can |
| preemption | prior appropriation of or claim to something |
| pregnant | highly significant; overflowing |
| prehensile | capable of grasping |
| prelude | introduction; something that precedes something else |
| premeditate | planned beforehand; prarranged; plotted |
| premeditated | 미리 계획된 |
| premise | n an assumption ; the basis for a conclusion |
| premonition | forewarning; presentiment |
| premonitory | serving to warn beforehand |
| preoccupied | 몰두한, (다른 일에) 마음을 빼앗긴 |
| preponderance | superiority in weight, number, size, extent, influence, etc.; majority; predominance |
| preponderant | 우세한, 압도적인, 능가하는 |
| prepossess | v to preoccupy ; to influence beforehand or prejudice ; to make a good impression on beforehand |
| prepossessing | 매력있는 |
| preposterous | 비상식적인, 터무니없는 |
| prerequisite | 전제 조건; 사전에 필요한 |
| prerogative | privilege, unquestionable right |
| prescribe | 규정하다, 명령하다; 처방하다 |
| presentiment | a feeling of evil to come, boding, foreboding, premonition |
| preservative | 방부제 |
| prestigious | 훌륭한, 일류의 |
| presumably | probably; the assumption is that; doubtless |
| presume | 추정하다 |
| presumption | an assumption that is taken for granted, given, precondition |
| Presumptive | (adj) based on inference or assumption; providing reasonable grounds for belief |
| presuppose | assume; to assume beforehand; to take for granted in advance; to require as a prior condition |
| Pretentious | (adj) claiming or demanding a position of importance or dignity, esp. when unjustified; showing off creating deceptive, false show of worth |
| prevail | be widespread in a particular area at a particular time; be current |
| prevailing | 우세한, 지배적인, 유행하는 |
| prevalent | 일반적인, 널리 퍼져있는 |
| primal | first, beginning; original; of the greatest importance |
| prime | 가장 중요한, 가장 우선적인; 최초의, 근간이 되는; 가장 뛰어난, 탁월한 |
| primeval | 원시시대의; 본능적인 |
| primordial | original; existing from the beginning |
| Principled | (adj) having high moral standards |
| privation | lack of comforts or necessities; poverty / DEPRIVATION |
| privilege | 특권 |
| prize | v. to pry, press or force with a lever |
| proclaim | announce; declare; make known / PROCLAMATION |
| procrastinate | 미루다, 지연하다, 늑장부리다 |
| prodigy | n an extremely talented child; an extraordinary accomplishment or occurrence; wonder / |
| profane | a not having to do with religion; irreverent; blasphemous |
| profess | v to declare; to declare falsely or pretend cf professed professional a n; Claim openly but often falsely that one has (a quality or feeling): "he had professed his love for her". |
| proficient | a thoroughly competent; skillful; very good at something at in n expert |
| progeny | offspring; descendants / PROGENITOR |
| prognostication | a statement made about the future, forecasting, foretelling, prediction |
| proletariat | n the industrial working class |
| proliferation | the act of increasing quickly |
| prolixity | boring verbosity, long-windedness, prolixness, windiness, wordiness |
| Prologue | (n) introductory part to a book, play, etc. |
| prominent | 돌출한; (사물) 눈에 띄는 두드러진; (사람) 중요한, 유명한 |
| prone | lying face down |
| Pronounced | (adj) distinct, strong, clearly indicated |
| proofread | 교정하다 |
| propagate | Reproduce, spread, increase |
| proper | (윤리, 규율, 규정, 법규에) 적합한, 적절한, 예의바른; ~에게 고유한 |
| property | 재산, 소유물; (사물의) 속성, 특성 |
| prophetic | Relating to prophesy, predicting, ominous |
| proponent | a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea, advocate, advocator, exponent |
| prose | ordinary language used in everyday speech |
| prosecution | 기소 |
| proselytize | convert to another religion, philosophy, or perspective, proselytise |
| prospect | 채굴하다 |
| Prospective | (adj) potential, in the future |
| prostrate | 엎드린, 굴복한, 기진맥진한 |
| protagonist | n the leading character in a novel play or other work; a leader or champion |
| protean | readily taking on different roles; versatile |
| protege | a person under the care of someone interested in his welfare or career 후배(제자) |
| protocol | diplomatic etiquette and customs |
| protract | v to prolong prolong |
| protuberance | 돌출, 돌기, 융기 |
| provision | 조항; 보급품, (복수) 식량 |
| provisional | under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon, probationary, provisionary, tentative |
| provocation | incitement to act or respond |
| provocative | titillating; exciting; attracting attention |
| provoke | (감정, 반응) 유발시키다; 화나게하다; 자극하다 |
| prowess | strength, expertise, bravery, skill; exceptional skill or strength; uncommon bravery |
| prowl | (먹잇감, 훔칠 것 등을 찾아서) 은밀하게 돌아다니다, 배회하다 |
| proximate | (관계, 원인, 장소, 시간) 가장 가까운; 근사값의 |
| proximity | n nearness |
| proxy | Agent, substitute, person authorized to act on behalf of another |
| prude | a person who is excessively or priggishly attentive to propriety or decorum; especially a woman who shows or affects extreme modesty / PRUDISH |
| prudence | wisdom, caution, or restraint |
| prudish | (성적인 것에 대하여) 고상한 체하는, 얌전떠는 |
| prurient | having lustful thoughts or deisres; causing lust |
| pry | 사적인 문제를 지나치게 캐묻다; 엿보다, 엿듣다 |
| psyche | soul, mind |
| pucker | to gather into wrinkles |
| puckish | 짓궂은, 장난기 있는 |
| puissance | Power, might |
| pulverize | 분쇄하다 |
| pummel | to pound or punch with the fists |
| punitive | inflicting a punishment |
| puny | 작고 연약한, 하찮은, 보잘 것 없는 |
| purblind | obtuse, dim-sighted; practically blind; lacking understanding or imagination |
| puritanical | adhering to a rigid moral code |
| purport | to profess, suppose, claim |
| purported | a rumored; claimed |
| pushover | a person easily influenced or exploited |
| putative | a commonly accepted; supposed; reputed |
| pyrrhic | describing a victory that comes at such a great cost that the victory is not worthwhile |
| quack | 돌팔이 의사, 사기꾼 |
| quaff | v. to drink deeply |
| quagmire | marsh, difficult situation |
| qualitative | a having to do with the quality or qualities of something as opposed to the quantity |
| qualms | n. misgivings, reservations, causes for hesitancy |
| quarry | 채석하다; 사냥감 |
| quash | 억제하다, 억누르다 |
| quasi | almost; near; resembling |
| quay | a landing on the edge of the water; wharf; pier |
| queasy | 멀미하는; 멀미나게 하는; 걱정, 염려하는, 긴장한 |
| quench | 갈증을 해소하다, 만족시키다; (감정) 억누르다; (뜨거운 것) 열로 식히다; 불을 끄다 |
| queries | n. questions, inquiries, reservations |
| queue | a line or file |
| quintessence | the most essential part of anything / QUINTESSENTIAL: being the most perfect example of |
| quip | a witty saying or remark, epigram,crack, sally, wisecrack |
| quirky | 별난, 특이한 |
| quisling | a traitor, collaborationist, collaborator |
| quizzical | odd; teasing; mocking; questioning; inquisitive |
| quorum | number of memeber necessary to conduct a meeting |
| rabid | 과격한, 광신적인, 맹렬한 |
| radical | (변화가) 근본적인, 철저한; 과격한 |
| raffish | marked by a carefree unconventionality or disreputableness, devil-may-care, rakish |
| raft | a large number of something, batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap, lot, mass, mess, mickle, mint, mountain, muckle, passel, peck, pile, plenty, pot, quite a little, sight, slew, spate, stack, tidy sum, wad |
| ragged | (옷이) 낡고 헤진, 헤진 옷을 입은; (표면이) 울퉁불퉁한 |
| raillery | light teasing, backchat, banter, give-and-take |
| raiment | clothing |
| rakish | marked by a carefree unconventionality or disreputableness, devil-may-care, raffish |
| rally | 세를 규합하다; 집회로 모이다; (사기) 진작시키다; (건강, 기세) 회복시키다, 회복하다 |
| rambunctious | (사람이) 떠들석한; 왁자지껄한 |
| ramifications | the developments or consequences growing out of something |
| ramify | v. to be divided or subdivided, branch out |
| rampart | a fortification; a bulwark or defense |
| ramshackle | (집 등) 쓰러져가는, 상태가 매우 안 좋은 |
| rancid | (부패로) 악취나는 |
| rancorous | characterized by bitter, long-lasting resentment |
| rankle | gnaw into; make resentful or angry, eat into, fret, grate |
| Ranks | (n) personnel; a group of people considered all together |
| ransack | (특히 약탈과 파괴를 위해) 철저히 수색하다, 조사하다 |
| rant | (흥분하여, 허세부리면서) 고함치다, 부르짖다, 폭언하다; (흥분하여) 허세부리는 말, 비난하는 말 |
| rapacity | avarice, the practice of extorting or exacting by injustice |
| rapport | (관계) 조화로움, 친근함 |
| rapprochement | the reestablishing of cordial relations, reconciliation |
| rapt | deepy absorbed; entranced or ecstatic / RAPTURE: ecstasy; bliss; unequaled joy / RAPTUROUS: full of rapture / ENRAPTURED |
| rarity | 희귀함; 희귀하고 진귀한 것 |
| rash | marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences; imprudently incurring risk, foolhardy, heady, reckless |
| ratify | approve, confirm / RATIFICATION N. |
| ratiocination | logical reasoning (논리적인) 추론 (추리) |
| rationalize | 합리화하다 |
| ravage | 휩쓸어 파괴하다 |
| rave | 횡설수설 말하다; 극찬하다 |
| ravenous | extremely hungry; devouring or craving food in great quantities, esurient, famished, sharp-set, starved,edacious, esurient, rapacious, ravening, voracious, wolfish |
| reactant | Something that reacts; a substance that undergoes a change in a chemical reaction |
| Reap | (v) harvest, such as by cutting; gather; get as a result of one's effort |
| reassure | 안심시키다 |
| rebel | 반역자, 반란군; 반항하다, 반란을 일으키다 |
| rebu | puzzle in whic pictures or symbols represent words |
| recapitulation | a summary (think of recap), recap, review |
| recast | 고쳐만들다, 변경하다 |
| recede | 물러나다; 감소하다 |
| recess | 쉬는 시간; 휴식기간; 활동의 임시적 중단 |
| recession | 경기침체기, 쇠퇴 |
| reckless | 무모한, 무분별한 |
| reclaim | to make uncultivated areas of land fit for cultivation; to recover usable substances from refuse; to claim again; to demand the restoration of |
| reclusive | a hermitlike; withdrawn from society |
| reconcile | make (one thing) compatible with (another), accommodate, conciliate |
| reconnaissance | (군사) 정찰활동; 사전조사, 검사, 답사 |
| recourse | 의지, 의뢰 |
| recrimination | mutual accusations |
| recrudesce | to break out or happen again, break, develop, erupt |
| recrudescent | Revival, breaking out into renewed activity |
| rectitude | (행동) 정의로움, 옮음, 정직 |
| recumbent | leaning, resting, prone |
| recuperate | 회복하다, 재기하다 |
| recur | 다시 발생하다, 되풀이되다; (생각, 기억) 다시 떠오르다 |
| recurrent | 재현되는, 재발하는 |
| redound | To have a good or bad effect, esp. as a result of a person's efforts or actions (usually used with to, on, or upon) |
| referendum | 국민투표, 일반투표 |
| refrain | 삼가하다 |
| regime | a governing power; a system of governnent; a period during which a government is in power |
| regimen | a regulated course |
| regimentation | 조직화, 편성, 통제 |
| register | to put your name or other information in a list for something |
| regression | 회귀, 복귀 |
| rehabilitate | 사회로 복귀시키다, 기능 회복 훈련을 하다, 갱생시키다 |
| rein | 억제하다, 멈추다 |
| reinforce | 강화시키다 |
| rejuvenate | 다시 젊게 하다 |
| rekindle | 다시 불 붙이다, (흥미, 관심) 다시 불러 일으키다 |
| relent | 누그러지다; (날씨, 심한 것) 약해지다 |
| relevant | closely connected to the topic and therefore important |
| Remedial | (adj) providing a remedy, curative; correcting a deficient skill |
| remedy | (결함 등의) 구제책, 개선방법 |
| reminisce | 회상하다 |
| remiss | to be negligent in one's duty, delinquent, derelict, neglectful |
| remission | lessening, relaxation; the temporary or permanent disappearance of a disease; pardon; payment |
| remit | forgive, send payment |
| remold | (모양, 구조, 특징) 바꾸다, 개조하다 |
| remorse | 양심의 가책, 후회 |
| remorseless | (행동) 가혹한, 무자비한, 뉘우치지 않는 |
| remunerate | 보답하다, 보수를 지불하다 |
| remunerate / remuneration | to pay / payment; recompense |
| remunerative | 보수가 있는, 유리한, 보답하는 |
| renaissance | n a rebirth or revival |
| rend | Tear violently, esp. to tear one's clothing or hair out of grief; pull apart, split, or tear away |
| Render | (v) give, submit, surrender; translate; declare formally; cause to become |
| renegade | 배교자, 변절자; 반역자 |
| repartee | witty conversation; a quick, witty reply; witty, spirited conversation full of quick, witty replies |
| repeal | 취소하다, 철회하다 |
| repel | 물리치다; 불쾌감을 주다 |
| repellent | 불쾌감을 주는 |
| repercussion | n a consequence; an indirect effect. his declaration had unforeseen repercussions. Lenovo shuts down its app store, lets customers deal with the repercussion. |
| repertorial | Pertaining to a repertory or repertoire, a stock of available things or a number of theatrical performances presented regularly or in sequence |
| replenish | v to fill again; to resupply; to restore. replenish my glass, please |
| reprehend | 책망하다, 비난하다 |
| reprehensible | a worthy of blame or censure |
| reprimand | stern reproof; official rebuke |
| reprisal | a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime |
| reprise | repetition, especially of a piece of music |
| reprove | v to criticize mildly |
| repugnance | 혐오함, 증오 |
| repugnant | repulsive; offensive; disgusting |
| repulsive | 불쾌감을 주는, 역겨운 |
| repute | 간주하다, 평가하다; 평판; 호평 |
| requisite | required necessary |
| resentful | 분개한 |
| reservation | an unstated doubt that prevents you from accepting something wholeheartedly, arriere pensee, mental reservation |
| reserve | 제한, 한정, 제외, 조건, 의심; 자제, 내성적인 태도, 말없음 |
| reserved | (사람, 기질) 마음을 털어 놓지 않는, 내성적인 |
| reside | 거주하다; 존재하다, 있다 |
| resignation | the acceptance of something unpleasant that can't be avoided, surrender |
| resigned | accepting or a situation |
| resilient | 탄력 있는; 회복력 있는 |
| resonant | 낭랑하게 울리는, 공명하는 |
| resort to | 호소하다 |
| resound | to ring; to sound loudly |
| resource | some saved material that can be used for a purpose (especially money, anything used to make energy such as oil, or information sources such as books) |
| Respectively | (adv) in the order given |
| respite | a pause from doing something (as work), break, recess, time out, |
| restitution | 손해 배상, 보상, 변상; 복권, 복직, 복원 |
| restrain | 제한하다, 억제하다 |
| resume | 재개하다 |
| resurge | 다시 나타나다, 소생하다 |
| resurrect | (죽은 사람을) 되살리다; (기억, 관습 등을) 되살리다 |
| resurrection | return to life; revival |
| resuscitate | (사람, 동물을) 소생하다: (생각이나 사업 등을) 부활시키다 |
| retain | 보유하다, 유지하다 |
| retaliate | (같은 수단으로) 보복하다, 복수하다, 앙갚음하다 |
| retention | 보존, 보유, 유지, (학생) 재적 |
| retiring | to be shy, and to be inclined to retract from company, reticent, self-effacing |
| retract | pull inward or towards a center; formally reject or disavow a formerly held belief, usually under pressure, draw in,abjure, forswear, recant, resile |
| retreat | (군대) 후퇴하다, 철수하다; 철회하다 |
| retrench | 삭감하다 |
| retrieve | 되찾다, 회수하다 |
| Retrospective | (adj, n) looking to the past or backward; applying to the past, retroactive (adj); an art exhibit of an artist's work over a long period of time (n) |
| revamp | Renovate, redo, revise (verb); a restructuring, upgrade, etc. (noun) |
| revel | 매우 기뻐하다, 즐거워하다, 마시고 흥청거리다 |
| revelry | noisy or unrestrained merrymaking / REVEL: to enjoy thoroughly; to take delight in; to carouse / REVELATION |
| reverberate | 반향하다, 울려퍼지다 |
| revere | v to respect highly; to honor |
| reverence | a strong feeling of awe or respect |
| revert | 되돌아 가다 |
| revisionist | 수정주의자 |
| rhapsody | emotional literary or musical work / RHAPSODIZE: to speak extremely enthusiastically; to gush |
| rhetorical | used for persuasive effect |
| rickety | (구조물, 특히 다리나 계단) 곧 무너질 것 같은 |
| ridden | Dominated or burdened by |
| riddle | 수수께끼, 난제 |
| Rife | (adj) happening frequently, abundant, currently being reported |
| rift | A gap or fissure (such as in rock), a break in friendly relations |
| righteous | 도덕적인, 바른, 정의로운 |
| rigid | 휘지 않는, 융통성 없는, 엄격한 |
| rigor | 정확함, 엄격함; 역경, 힘든 상황 (복수형으로 rigors) |
| rigorous | a strict; harsh; severe (তীব্র) |
| rile | cause annoyance in; disturb, especially by minor irritations, annoy, bother, chafe, devil, get at, get to, gravel, irritate, nark, nettle, rag, vex |
| rind | a tough outer covering, especially of a fruit |
| rip | 거칠게 찢다, 갈기갈기 찢다 |
| ripen | 익다, 숙성하다, 익히다, 숙성시키다 |
| riposte | retaliatory action or retort |
| risible | hilarious, provoking laughter, people who are inclined to be amused |
| rite | 의식, 절차 |
| ritual | 의식, 절차, 전례 |
| rive | 찢다, 찢어발기다 |
| rivet | to engross; to hold firmly |
| riveting | 대단히 매력적인, 푹 빠지게 하는 |
| robust | sturdy and strong in form, constitution, or construction |
| rogue | n a criminally dishonest persons; a scoundrel (বদমাশ লোক) |
| roil | 화나게 하다, 초조하게 만들다; 액체를 휘저어 흐리게 하다 |
| roost | (새가) 나무에 앉다 |
| rout | vanquish; to put to flight; to scatter; to cause a huge defeat; 패주, 대패, 혼잘된 군중 |
| row | an angry dispute, dustup, quarrel, run-in, words, wrangle |
| rowdy | 소란스러운, 난폭한 |
| rudiment | 기초, 초보, 원리 |
| rueful | expressing sorrow |
| ruffled | irritated / RUFFLE: to disturb the smoothness of; to upset mildly |
| rummage | hunt |
| ruse | trick, crafty stratagem |
| sabotage | 고의적으로 방해하다, 파괴하다 |
| saccharine | a sweet; excessively or disgustingly sweet |
| sacrilege | n a violation of something sacred; blasphemy; profanation, desecration |
| sacrilegious | 신성을 더럽히는, 신성모독의 |
| saga | 무용담, 영웅이야기 |
| sage | wise |
| saline | 염분을 함유한; 짠 |
| salutation | greeting; welcome; opening words of greeting / SALUTATORY: a welcoming address given to an audiance / SALUTATORIAN |
| salvage | (난파선이나 그 화물을) 구조하다, 해난구조하다 |
| salvation | (죄로부터) 구원, 구제; 구제, 구출, 구제수단 |
| sanctimony | n. self-righteousness, pretended piety |
| sanctuary | 피난처, (동식물) 보호구역 |
| sangfroid | calmness or poise in difficult situations |
| sapient | 슬기로운, 지혜로운 |
| sarcasm | cutting and reproachful language; irony |
| sarcastic | 빈정대는, 비아냥거리는 |
| sate | 충분히 만족시키다 |
| Satiate or Sate | (v) to fully satisfy; to go beyond satisfying to the point of excess (possibly inducing disgust, tiredness, etc.) |
| satyr | a creature that is half-man, half beast, with the horns and legs of a goat |
| savant | Learned person, scholar, someone admitted to membership in a scholarly field; a person with amazing mental abilities despite having a cognitive difference or disability |
| savoir-faire | tact, polish; social grace, or the knowledge of what to do and how to behave in any situation; (사교적) 재치 (수완) |
| savory | 짭짤하면서 맛있는; 평판이 좋은 |
| savvy | a perceptive understanding, apprehension, discernment, understanding |
| Scant | (adj) not enough or barely enough |
| Scathing | (adj) severe, injurious; bitterly harsh or critical (as a remark) |
| schadenfreude | joy from watching the suffering of others |
| schematic | relating to or in the form of an outline or diagram |
| scheme | 음모, 모의; 음모를 꾸미다 |
| scintillate | v to sparkle (ঝিকমিক করা) either literally or figuratively |
| scission | 절단, 분리, 분열 |
| scoff | 조롱하다 |
| score | 악보, 총보(모든 파트가 다 나와있는 악보); (점수 등) 획득하다, 확보하다 |
| scorn | discain, reject; to find someone or something contemptible / SCORNFUL |
| scotch | to put an end to; to injure |
| scour | (솔과 물로) 북북 문질러 닦다; 샅샅이 뒤지다 |
| screed | an abusive rant (often tedious) |
| scrimp | 매우 아끼다, 인색하게 굴다 |
| scruple | (나쁜 일 하기 전의) 양심의 가책, 양심에 의한 망설임 |
| scrupulous | characterized by extreme care and great effort, conscientious, painstaking |
| scurrilous | 상스런, 저속한, 욕하는 |
| seamy | 지저분한, (도덕적으로) 불결한 |
| searchingly | In a searching or penetrating manner; while examining closely or probing for answers |
| seasoned | 경험있는, 능숙한 |
| secede | withdraw; to withdraw from an alliance / SECESSION |
| secluded | ... |
| seclusion | solitude |
| secretive | 비밀의, 숨기려 하는 |
| seemly | 예절을 지키는, (행동) 적절한 |
| seethe | (마음속이) 분노로 부글부글 끓다 |
| segregate | to keep apart; separate |
| seine | n. a large net hung out and dragged in to catch fish |
| seismic | relating to earthquakes |
| self-abasement | 자기비하 |
| self-deprecating | to belittle yourself or your accomplishments |
| self-effacing | reluctant to draw attention to yourself, reticent, retiring |
| self-possessed | having or showing control of one's feelings, behavior, etc.; composed; poised. |
| self-righteous | confident of one's own righteousness, especially when smugly moralistic and intolerant of the opinions and behavior of others. |
| semantic | Relating to the different meanings of words or other symbols |
| semantics | 의미론; (단어의) 의미 |
| semblance | an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading, color, colour, gloss |
| seminal | like a seed, constituting a source, originative |
| sensory | a having to do with the senses or sensation |
| sensual | relating to the senses, gratifying the physical (sexual) senses |
| sensuous | relating to the senses |
| sententious | to be moralizing, usually in a pompous sense |
| sentimental | effusively or insincerely emotional, especially in art, music, and literature, bathetic, drippy, hokey, kitschy, maudlin, mawkish, mushy, schmaltzy, schmalzy, slushy, soppy, soupy |
| sequence | 순서, 연속 |
| sequent | 다음의, 잇따라 일어나는, 연속적인; (결과로서) 필연적인 |
| sequential | 순차적인, 연속적인 |
| serendipitous | come upon or found by accident, fortuitous |
| serendipity | the instance in which an accidental, fortunate discovery is made |
| serene | calm and peaceful, tranquil, unagitated |
| serenity | 조용함, 고요함, (마음의) 평온함, 차분함 |
| serpentine | snakelike in either shape or movement; winding, as a snake travels |
| serrated | with many edges, as a knife |
| serration | 톱니모양 |
| serried | (사람, 물건) 꽉 찬, 빽빽한 |
| servitude | 노예상태 |
| sextant | navigation tool that determines latitude and longitude |
| shadow | 미행하다 |
| shadowy | 그림자 드리워진, 희미한, 애매한 |
| sham | 가짜의, 모조의; 모조품, 가품 |
| sheer | 순전한, (강조) 완전한; (절벽) 가파른 |
| shibboleth | password; a peculiarity of pronunciation, behavior, that distinguishes a particular class or set of persons; a slogan or catchword. 캐캐묶은 생각 [원칙/어구] |
| shiftless | 야망이나 목적의식이 없는; 게으른 |
| shifty | 교활한, 속이는 |
| shirk | (일, 책임, 의무) 기피하다, 회피하다 |
| shoddy | (물건 등) 질 떨어지는, 볼품없는; (사람) 비도덕적인, 원칙이 없는 |
| shore up | 지탱하다, 떠받치다 |
| shrivel | 줄어들어 주름지다, 시들다, 시들게 하다; 위축되다, 무력해지다 |
| shrug | (무관심, 의문, 불쾌의 표시) 양 어깨를 으쓱하다 |
| shun | 기피하다 |
| sidereal | relating to the stars |
| simian | apelike, relating to apes |
| simile | comparison of one thing with another using "like" or "as" |
| simplistic | 지나치게 단순화된 |
| simulacrum | a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture), effigy, image |
| simulate | 흉내내다; 인척하다, 가장하다 |
| Simultaneous | (adj) at the same time |
| sinew | 기운을 북돋우다, (힘줄에 힘 주듯) 힘을 내다 |
| sinewy | 힘찬, 활발한, 건장한 |
| skeptical | 회의적인 |
| sketchy | 대략적인 |
| skiff | a small boat |
| skimp | 아까워하다, 인색하게 굴다 |
| skirmish | a fight between small numbers of troops; a brief conflict |
| Skirt | (v) border, lie along the edge of , go around; evade |
| skittish | Shy, fickle, uncertain, or prone to act suddenly due to nervousness; lively in a restless or excessive way |
| skulk | 숨다; 살금살금 움직이다 |
| Slack | (adj, v, n) loose, negligent, lazy, weak (adj); neglect to so one's duties; loosen up, relax (verb); period of little work (noun) |
| slacken | 느슨하게 만들다, 느슨해지다, 느려지다, 약해지다 |
| slander | to speak badly about someone publicly; to defame; to spread malicious rumor |
| slant | 기울다, 기울어지게 하다; 왜곡하다, 편향된 시각을 보여주다 |
| slapdash | carelessly and hastily put together, haphazard, slipshod, sloppy |
| Slew | (n) a large number or quantity |
| Slight | (adj, v, n) small, not very important, slender or delicate (adj); treat as though not very important; snub, ignore (verb); an act of treating in this way, a discourtesy (noun) |
| slink | 조용히, 은밀하게 움직이다 |
| slipshod | 대충하는, 성의없는; 단정하지 못한, 닳아빠진 옷이나 신발을 신은 |
| sloth | laziness; sluggishness |
| slothful | 게으른 |
| slouch | 구부정하게 서있다/걷다; 게으름뱅이, 무능한 사람 |
| slovenly | 되는대로 하는, 날림의; 지저분한, 단정치못한 |
| sluggard | a lazy person |
| sluggish | 둔한, 활력 없는 |
| slur | 중상하다, 비방하다 |
| sly | 교활한, 간사한, 음흉한 |
| smash | 박살내다, 파괴하다; 격렬하게 충돌하다 |
| smattering | a slight or superficial understanding of a subject; a small amount of something, handful |
| smirk | (우쭐해서 자기만족 또는 비웃듯이) 히죽웃다 |
| smolder | 연기만 내면서 서서히 타다; (울분 등을) 내비치다 |
| smother | (입과 코를 막아서) 질식시키다; (감정, 행동) 억제하다 |
| smug | marked by excessive complacency or self-satisfaction, self-satisfied |
| smuggle | 밀수하다 |
| snarl | 뒤엉키게 하다, 방해하다 |
| snide | expressive of contempt; derogatory or mocking in an indirect way, sneering, supercilious |
| snub | refuse to acknowledge; reject outright and bluntly |
| soak | 흠뻑적시다 |
| soar | (하늘로) 높이 올라가다; 치솟다 |
| sober | (행동, 분위기가) 조용한, 근엄한, 엄숙한; (색상, 복장이) 차분한, 어두운 |
| solace | consolation; comfort |
| solder | v. to weld, fuse or join, as with a soldering gun |
| solemn | serious, somber; grave |
| solicit | 요청하다, 구하다, 간청하다 |
| solicitude | a feeling of excessive concern, solicitousness |
| solidarity | Fellowship in interests, feelings, responsibilities, etc., such as among a group of people or among classes, nations, etc. |
| soliloquy | literary or dramatic speech by one character, not adressed to others |
| solitude | 혼자있음, 외로움 |
| soothe | 달래다, 진정시키다; (통증을) 줄여 주다 |
| sop | 달래려고 준 것; 뇌물 |
| sophism | 궤변, 잘못된 이론 |
| sophisticated | (기계) 정교하고 복잡한, 발달된; (사람) 세상을 많이 아는; 세련된 |
| sophistry | n. fallacious reasoning, plausible by faulty logic |
| Sound | (v) measure the depth of (usually water) as with a sounding line; penetrate and discover the meaning of, understand (usually as sound the depths) |
| sovereign | supreme ruler; monarch |
| sparse | thin, not dense, arranged at widely spaced intervals |
| Spate | (n) sudden outpouring or rush; flood |
| spawn | to bring forth; to produce a large number |
| Spearhead | (v) be the leader of |
| spectral | ghostly / SPECTER: ghost; phantom / SPECTERLIKE |
| Speculate | (v) contemplate; make a guess or educated guess about; engage in a risky business transaction, gamble |
| speculative | 추측에 의한, 이론적인 |
| spent | (힘, 에너지) 소진된 |
| spew | 유출하다, 분출하다 |
| spiral | (물가, 발전 등이) 급상승하다 |
| spirited | 활기(용기, 열의) 넘치는 |
| spleen | 울화, 악의 |
| splinter | a shark, slender piece broken or split off from something; to split |
| splurge | (돈) 펑펑 쓰기; (돈) 펑펑 쓰다 |
| spontaneous | 사전계획이나 외부적 자극없이 행해진; 충동/즉흥적으로 움직이는; 자발적인; 저절로 움직이는 |
| sprawl | 불규칙하게 퍼져 있다 |
| spur | 박차를 가하다, 독려하다, 자극하다; 자극제 |
| spurn | reject with contempt, disdain, freeze off, pooh-pooh, reject, scorn, turn down |
| squabble | 사소한 말다툼 |
| squash | 진압하다, 억압하다; 거부하다 |
| squeamish | 비위가 약한; 너무 까다로운 |
| staccato | marked by abrupt, clear-cut sounds |
| stagnant | (물이) 고여있는, 침체된 |
| stagnation | motionlessness; inactivity |
| staid | characterized by dignity and propriety, sedate |
| stain | 얼룩; 흠; 더럽히다 |
| stalemate | 교착상태, 꼼짝할 수 없는 상태 |
| stalwart | dependable; inured to fatigue or hardships, stout,hardy ,sturdy |
| Standing | (n, adj) status, rank, reputation (noun); existing indefinitely, not movable (adj) |
| standoffish | 쌀쌀맞은, 마음을 잘 열지 않는, 무뚝뚝한 |
| stanza | division of a poem; a section of a poem; verse |
| Stark | (adj) complete, total, utter; harsh or grim; extremely simple, severe, blunt, or plain |
| starry-eyed | 순진하게 열정적이고 이상적인; 비현실적인 |
| start | to suddenly move in a particular direction |
| Status Quo | (n) existing state or condition |
| steadfast | marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable, firm, steady, stiff, unbendable, unfaltering, unshakable, unwavering |
| steep | v. to saturate or completely soak |
| steeped | Immersed (in), saturated (with) |
| stem | to hold back or limit the flow or growth of something |
| stench | 악취 |
| stifle | 숨막히게 하다; 제한하다, 억제하다 |
| stigmatize | to brand with disgrace; to set a mark of disgrace upon |
| still | 움직임이나 소리가 없는 |
| stilted | (글, 말) 형식적인, 부자연스러운 |
| stilts | tall, slender supporting posts |
| Stingy | (adj) not generous with money, reluctant to spend or give |
| stinting | restraining |
| stipend | a regular allowance (of money) |
| stodgy | 지루하고 재미없는; 고지식한, 매우 보수적인 |
| Stoic or Stoical | (adj, n) indifferent to pleasure or pain, enduring without complaint (adj); person indifferent to pleasure or pain (noun) |
| stopgap | 임시변통 |
| stout | plump; stocky; substantial / brave, plucky, or resolute |
| straightforward | 복잡하지 않은, 이해하기 쉬운; 솔직한, 직설적인 |
| straited | striped, grooved, or banded |
| stratified | arranged in layers |
| stratify | 계층화하다 |
| stray | (있어야할 곳을 벗어나) 헤매다 |
| streamline | (일, 과정) 능률적으로 하다, 간소화하다 |
| strenuous | 부단히 분투하는, 노력하는, (행동 · 노력 등이) 격렬한 |
| striated | marked with thin, narrow grooves or channels |
| striations | the bands themselves |
| strident | loud, harsh, unpleasantly noisy |
| strife | bitter conflict; discord; a struggle or clash |
| stringent | demanding strict attention to rules and procedures, rigorous, tight |
| strive | 노력하다, 애쓰다 |
| stun | 깜짝 놀라게 하다, (멍해질 정도로) 큰 충격을 주다 |
| stunning | 놀랄만큼 아름다운 |
| stupendous | remarkable; extraordinary; remarkably large or extraordinarily gigantic |
| stupor | lethargy; a stunned condition; near-unconsciousness; apathy; inertia / STUPOROUS |
| sturdy | 튼튼한, 근육질의 |
| stygian | dark and gloomy, hellish |
| Stymie or Stymy | (v, n) block, hinder, or thwart (verb); an obstacle (noun) |
| subdue | (감정이나 사람) 가라앉히다, 억누르다; 정복하다 |
| subdued | suppressed, stifled / SUBDUE: to conquer; to bring under control; to lessen the intensity of something |
| Subjective | (adj) existing in the mind or relating to one's own thoughts, opinions, emotions, etc.; personal, individual, based on feelings |
| submerge | 물에 푹 빠뜨리다, 잠수시키다 |
| submissive | 순종하는, 순응하는 |
| subservient | 복종하는, 굴종하는; 부차적인, 부수적인 |
| subsidize | financial assistance; to provide financial aid; to make a financial contribution |
| subsidy | 보조금, 장려금, 기부금 |
| substantial | 상당히 크고 중요한; 튼튼한; 현실적인, 물질적인; 본질적인 |
| subterfuge | something intended to misrepresent the true nature of an activity, blind |
| subvert | (권력, 시스템을) 약화시키다, 전복시키다 |
| Succeeding | (adj) coming after or following |
| succulent | 과즙이 많은, 맛있는 |
| suffice | adequate; to be sufficient; to be enough |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| suffragist | one who advocates extened voting rights / SUFFRAGE: the right to vote |
| suffuse | pervade, permeate; to cover; to overspread; to saturate |
| sulky | 성질 더러운, 토라진, 뚱한, 삐진 |
| sullen | showing a brooding ill humor, dark, dour, glowering, glum, moody, morose, saturnine, sour |
| summit | the peak or highest point, acme, elevation, height, meridian, peak, pinnacle, superlative, tiptop, top, crest, crown |
| sunder | 분리하다, 절단하다 |
| superb | 훌륭한, 우수한 |
| superlative | superior; of the highest quality; superb; praiseworthy |
| supple | 유연한, 잘휘는 |
| supplement | 보완하다, 보충하다 |
| Supplicate | (v) pray humbly; ask, beg, or seek in a humble way |
| supreme | 최고의 |
| surge | 급증; 급증하다 |
| Surmise | (v) guess, infer, think, or make an opinion with incomplete information |
| surmount | 극복하다 |
| surpass | 능가하다 |
| surrender | 포기하다, 양보하다 |
| surreptitious | stealthy, taking pains not to be caught or detected, furtive, sneak, sneaky, stealthy |
| suspend | 매달다; 중단시키다; 연기시키다 |
| suspended | (침전물 등이 용액이나 공기중에) 부유하는 |
| sustain | 유지하다, 계속하다; 지탱하다 |
| swagger | to strut (to walk with overconfidence) |
| swath | 넓은 지역, 넓은 길 |
| sway | (의견 등) 흔들리다; (남의 맘이나 의견 등) 흔들다, 기울게 하다 |
| sweeping | far-reaching; extensive; wide-ranging |
| swerve | 방향을 갑자기 바꾸다 |
| swindler | cheat; a cheat; a con man |
| syllogism | a form of deductive reasoning with a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion |
| sylvan | related to the woods or forest |
| symmetrical | 대칭의, 대칭적인, 균형잡힌 |
| Syn | bumbling, gauche, unskillful |
| Synchronous | (adj) happening at the same time; occurring at the same rate and thus happening together repeatedly |
| syncopation | temporary irregularity in musical rhythm |
| synopsis | 요약, 개요 |
| synoptic | Relating to a synopsis or summary; giving a general view |
| syntactic | 통사론적인, 문장구성의 |
| syntax | The rules governing grammar and how words join to make sentences (or how words and symbols join in writing computer code), the study of these rules, or any system or orderly arrangement |
| synthesize | 합성하다, 종합하다 |
| tact | consideration in dealing with others and avoiding giving offense, tactfulness |
| tactical | having to do with tactics, especially naval or military tactics; marked by clever tactics or deft maneuvering |
| tactile | 만질 수 있는, 구체적인 |
| tactless | 재치 없는, 수완이 없는; 무뚝뚝한 |
| tailor | (필요, 목적에 맞게) 변경하다, 제단하다 |
| talon | claw of an animal, especially a bird of prey |
| tamp | v. to plug, to drive in or down by a series of blows |
| tantalize | 감질나게 하다; 자극하다 |
| tantamount | being essentially equal to something, equivalent |
| tantrum | 역정, 울화 |
| tarnish | make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically, defile, maculate, stain, sully |
| tatty | 닳아서 해진, 누더기 같은, 지저분한 |
| taunt | 자극하다, 조롱하다 |
| tautological | redundant; circular ; redundant |
| tax | 무리한 요구를 하다, 과중한 부담을 주다; 책망하다, 비난하다 |
| taxing | use to the limit; exhaust, burdensome, onerous |
| taxonomy | science of classification |
| tear | 화급히 움직이다 |
| tedious | 지루한, 재미없는 |
| tedium | dullness; monotony; boredom / TEDIOUS |
| teeter | 비틀거리다 |
| telling | significant and revealing of another factor |
| telltale | revealing |
| temerity | fearless daring, audaciousness, audacity |
| temper | 누그러뜨리다, 완화시키다 |
| temperate | mild; moderate; restrained mild |
| tempered | moderated in effect, hardened, toughened, treated |
| tempestuous | as if driven by turbulent or conflicting emotions; highly energetic and wildly changing or fluctuating, angry, furious, raging, wild |
| tenable | defensible as in ones position in an argument; capable of being argued successfully; valid |
| tenacity | n. the quality of adherence or persistence to something valued |
| tentative | experimental; temporary; uncertain |
| testimonial | 추천서; 감사, 찬양의 표현 |
| testy | 조급한, 쉽게 화내는 |
| theocracy | government by priests representing a god |
| theology | the study of god or religion |
| thesis | ... |
| thespian | an actor or actress |
| thimble | small protective cap that protects a fingertip; 골무 |
| thin-skinned | 신경 과민의(touchy), 화를 잘내는 |
| thoroughgoing | very thorough; complete, exhaustive, thorough |
| thrift | 검소함 |
| thrifty | spending money wisely, careful |
| thrive | 번성하다, 무성하게 자라다 |
| throng | 군중, 인파; 많은 수로 모이다 |
| throttle | to choke; to strangle; to work a fuel lever or feed the flow of fuel to an engine; 목을 조르다; (자동차 등의 연료 조절판을 조절하여) (~의) 속도를 낮추다/낮추다/높이다 |
| thwart | hinder or prevent (the efforts, plans, or desires) of, baffle, bilk, cross, foil, frustrate, queer, scotch, spoil |
| ticklish | 까다로운, 신경질적인, 화를 잘내는 |
| tiff | 사소한 말다툼 |
| tightfisted | greedy |
| tilt | 기울다; 기울게 하다 |
| Timely | (adj) well-timed, happening at a suitable time |
| timeworn | 너무 오래돼서 낡은; 너무 많이 써먹은; 진부한 |
| timid | 부끄럽고 겁먹은, 소심한 |
| tinge | 물들이다, 영향을 주다 |
| tiresome | 지루하게 하는, 짜증나게 하는 |
| titillate | to excite; to stimulate; to tease |
| titular | in name only, figurehead; nominal |
| token | Sign, symbol, mark, badge; souvenir, memento; coin-like disk used as currency for subways, arcade games, etc.; sample, or person, thing, idea taken to represent an entire group (noun); of very little or merely symbolic value (adj) |
| tolerance | 관대, 용인, 남을 인정해주는 마음 |
| tolerate | 용인해주다, 차이를 인정해 주다 |
| tongue-tied | (당황하여) 말문이 막힌 |
| tonic | 힘을 주는, 원기왕성하게하는 |
| toothsome | 맛있는 |
| topple | 앞으로 꼬꾸라지다, 비틀거리다; 몰락시키다, (권좌에서) 끌어 내리다 |
| topsy-turvy | 거꾸로, 머리를 아래로; 뒤죽박죽 |
| torment | 고통, 통증; 고통을 주다, 괴롭히다 |
| torpid | lethargic, sluggish, dormant |
| torturous | relating to or causing torture |
| totalitarian | 전체주의적인, 전체주의의 |
| touchstone | a standard; a test of authenticity or quality |
| touchy | 지나치게 민감한; (상황) 민감하여 다루기 힘든 |
| toxic | poisonous |
| toxin | poison |
| trail | (흔적을) 따라가다 |
| trammel | 방해, 장애, 속박 |
| trample | 짓밟다, 무시하다 |
| tranquil | 고요한, 평온한 |
| tranquility | 고요함, 평온함 |
| transcend | to go beyond or above; to surpass |
| transcribe | to write down |
| transfer | (직위, 부서, 거처) 이동하다, 이전하다; (권리, 재산) 양도하다, 양보하다 |
| transferable | 양도할 수 있는 |
| transfix | to cause to stand motionless with awe, amazement, or some other strong emotion; to rivet |
| transgress | to violate a law; to sin violate |
| transition | 변화, 전이 |
| translucent | partially transparent |
| transmute | change or alter in form, appearance, or nature, metamorphose, transform,transubstantiate |
| transparent | 투명한; 이해하기 쉬운, 명쾌한 |
| transplant | 옮겨심다, 이식하다; 이주시키다, 이주하다 |
| traumatic | ... |
| treasure | 소중히 여기다, 간직하다 |
| treatise | article treating a subject systematically and thoroughly |
| tremulous | trembling, frugal, timid |
| trespass | 침입하다, 침해하다; 잘못하다, 죄짓다 |
| tribulation | something, especially an event, that causes difficulty and suffering, trial, visitation |
| tribute | 감사, 존경, 찬양의 표시 |
| Trifling | (adj) trivial, not very important; so small as to be unimportant; frivolous, shallow |
| trigger | (상황, 감정, 행동 등을) 유발시키다, (장비) 작동시키다 |
| triumvirate | a ruling coalition of three officials; any group of three working jointly; 삼두정치, 삼당연립정치, 삼인연합행정부, (지배)삼인조 |
| trivial | 사소한 |
| truism | 자명한 이치, 뻔히 아는 일 |
| truncate | reduce the length of something, abridge |
| tumescence | swelling |
| tumult | a state of chaos, noise and confusion, garboil, tumultuousness, uproar,commotion, din, ruckus, ruction, rumpus |
| tumultuous | Riotous, violently agitated, marked by disturbance or uproar; noisy, chaotic |
| turbulent | 무질서하고 혼란스러운 |
| tussle | 난투전, 고전 |
| tutelary | serving as a guardian or protector |
| tyranny | 폭정, 전제정치 |
| ubiquity | the state of being everywhere at the same time |
| unaccountable | 설명되지 않는, 설명할 수 없는 |
| unadulterated | pure |
| unaffected | 꾸밈, 가장 없는, 허세부리지 않는 |
| unanimous | 만장일치의 |
| unassailable | immune to attack; without flaws, impregnable, inviolable, secure, strong, unattackable,bulletproof, unshakable, watertight |
| unassuming | 겸손한 |
| unavailing | 보람, 효과없는, 소용없는 |
| unbridled | 구속되지 않은, 자유로운 |
| uncompromising | not making concessions, inflexible, sturdy |
| undaunted | 풀죽지 않은, 대담한 |
| undercut | 약화시키다 |
| underestimate | 과소평가하다 |
| underhanded | 정당하지 못한, 은밀한, 불공정한 |
| underlying | basic; fundamental; only noticeable under scrutiny |
| underpinning | a system of supports beneath; a foundation or basis; 기초. 기반, 지지, 응원 |
| underplay | 하찮게 보이게하다 |
| understate | (숫자, 영향 등을) 줄여서 말하다 |
| underwrite | to support financially, subvent, subvention |
| undeserved | 가치없는; 정당성없는, 부당한 |
| undeterred | 풀 죽지 않은, 단념하지 않은 |
| undulate | v. to move in wavelike fashion, fluctuate |
| undulating | moving in waves |
| Unearth | (v) dig up, uncover, expose |
| unencumbered | 방해없는 |
| unexceptionable | 반대의 여지가 없는 |
| unfailing | 확실한, 실수 없는, 기대에 어긋나지 않는; 언제나 변함없는, 한결같은 |
| unfathomable | 이해하기 힘든; 측정하기 힘든 |
| unfettered | free, unhampered |
| unflappable | not easily perturbed or excited or upset; marked by extreme calm and composure, imperturbable |
| unforthcoming | uncooperative, not willing to give up information |
| ungainly | (외모, 행동, 솜씨 등) 서툴고 어색한 |
| ungovernable | 통제나 지배가 불가능한 |
| uniform | consistent; unchanging; the same for everyone consistent unchanging |
| unilateral | involving one side only; done on behalf of one side only; one-sided; not mutual |
| unimpeachable | free of guilt; not subject to blame; beyond doubt or reproach, blameless, inculpable, irreproachable |
| uninitiated | 지식과 경험이 부족한 |
| unintelligible | 이해할 수 없는 |
| unkempt | (외모) 흐트러진, 단정하지 못한 |
| unmitigated | absolute or unrelieved |
| unnerve | to make nervous or upset, enervate, faze, unsettle |
| unprepossessing | creating an unfavorable or neutral first impression, unpresentable |
| unpropitious | (of a circumstance) with little chance of success |
| unrepentant | 후회하지 않는, 회개하지 않는 |
| unruly | (of persons) noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline; unwilling to submit to authority, boisterous, rambunctious, robustious, rumbustious,disobedient |
| unscathed | 상처없는 |
| unscrupulous | without scruples or principles |
| unsparing | Generous, lavish (as in not sparing any help or gifts to others); unmerciful, harsh (as in not sparing any criticism) |
| unspoken | 무언의, 암묵적인 |
| unstudied | 꾸밈이 없는, 자연스러운 |
| unsung | unrecognized; uncelebrated |
| untainted | 더럽혀지지 않은 |
| untempered | Not toned down; not moderated, controlled, or counterbalanced |
| untold | 셀 수 없을 만큼 많은, 무수한 |
| untrammeled | not confined or limited, untrammelled |
| unveil | 덮개를 걷다; 최초로 공개하다 |
| unviable | not able to work, survive, or succeed (also spelled inviable). |
| unwarranted | 정당성 없는 |
| unwieldy | (무겁고 커서) 옮기거나 들기 힘든, 다루기 힘든 |
| unwonted | 익숙하지 않은, 일반적이지 않은 |
| upbraiding | a severe scolding |
| utilitarian | stressing usefulness or utility above all other qualities; pragmatic |
| utopia | an ideal society |
| utter | 완전한, 절대적인; 말하다 |
| vacuum | 진공상태, 텅빈상태 |
| vagabond | 방랑자(의) |
| vagarious | (행동이) 변덕스러운, 엉뚱한 |
| vagrant | 방랑자(의), 부랑자(의); 변덕스런 |
| vain | 허영심이 강한, 자만심이 강한; 헛된, 실질적인 가치가 없는 |
| vainglorious | 허영심 강한 |
| valediction | 작별인사, 고별연설 |
| valedictory | pertaining to a farewell |
| valiant | 용감한 |
| validate | 정당성/유효성을 입증하다; 인가하다, 비준하다 |
| valorous | 용감한 |
| vanguard | Leading units at the front of an army; leaders in a trend or movement, people on the "cutting edge"; the forefront of a trend or movement |
| vanity | 허영심, 자만심, 자기만족; 가치없음, 소용없음 |
| vanquish | come out better in a competition, race, or conflict, beat, beat out, crush, shell, trounce |
| vaporous | (사물, 생각) 실질이 없는, 공허한, 신뢰할 수 없는 |
| variable | 가변적인 (것) |
| variance | the quality of being different |
| variefated | multicolored, characterized by a variety of patches of different color |
| varnish | 니스칠하다, 광내다 |
| vault | 금고 |
| vaunted | highly or widely praised or boasted about |
| veer | 갑자기 방향을 바꾸다; 의견이나 주제를 바꾸다 |
| vehement | marked by extreme intensity of emotions or convictions, fierce, tearing, trigger-happy, violent |
| veiled | 숨겨진, 감추어진 |
| velocity | 속도 |
| vendetta | prolonged feud marked by bitter hostility |
| veneer | covering consisting of a thin superficial layer that hides the underlying substance |
| venerable | respected because of age |
| venial | easily excused or forgiven; pardonable, excusable, forgivable |
| venture | 위험을 무릎쓰고 ~하다, 감히 ~라고 말하다 |
| verbiage | 장황함 |
| verge | border, edge; brink |
| verify | 입증하다 |
| verisimilar | Having the appearance of truth, probable |
| vernacular | everyday speech; slang; idiom |
| versatile | 다재다능한, 다용도의; (마음, 정책) 변하기 쉬운 |
| versed | 경험이 있는, 잘 알고 있는 |
| vertigo | dizziness |
| verve | 활력, 기백, 열정 |
| vestigal | possessing a mark or visible evidence of something that is no longer present or in existence, a very slight trace or amount of something |
| veto | 거부권; 금지; 거부권을 행사하다 |
| via | Through, by means of, by way of (by a route that goes through or touches) |
| vicarious | felt or undergone as if one were taking part in the experience or feelings of another |
| vie | compete for something, compete, contend |
| vignette | a small, decorative design or drawing; a short literary sketch; a brief but expressive scene in a play or movie |
| vigor | 활력, 생기, 정력 |
| vile | 부도덕한, 사악한 |
| vindicate | to clear of accusation, blame, suspicion, or doubt with supporting arguments or proof, justify |
| Vintage | (adj, n) related to items of high quality from a previous era, old-fashioned, antique (adj); the wine of a particular year (noun) |
| virago | an ill-tempered or violent woman, amazon |
| Virtual | (adj) existing only in the mind or by means of a computer network; existing in results or in essence but not officially or in name |
| virtuosity | 대가적인 기교 |
| virtuous | honest; moral; ethical |
| virulence | extreme harmfulness or bitterness |
| visage | appearance, aspect |
| visceral | (깊은 사고가 아니라) 강한 감정에 따른, 본능적인; 내장의 |
| viscid or viscous | Thick, adhesive, or covered in something sticky |
| visionary | a dreamer; someone with impractical goals or ideas about the future |
| vital | 매우 중요한; 활기 넘치는 |
| vitriolic | harsh or corrosive in tone, acerb, acerbic, acid, acrid, bitter, blistering, caustic, sulfurous, sulphurous, virulent |
| vituperative | using or containing harsh, abusive censure |
| vivify | 생기를 주다, 기운 차리게 하다, 활발하게 하다 |
| vivisection | dissection, surgery, or painful experiments performed on a living animal for the purpose of scientific research |
| vocal | (의견을) 솔직하고 강경하게 밝히는 |
| vocation | an occupation; a job ; |
| void | 법적 효력이 없는; (행동, 말) 효과없는; 텅빈 공간, 텅빈 상태 |
| volition | will; conscious choice |
| volubility | the quality of talking or writing easily and continuously, articulateness, fluency |
| voracity | ravenous or very eager |
| vortex | whirpool, center of turbulence |
| votary | 열렬한 추종자, 신봉자; 수도사, 수녀 |
| vouch | (신뢰성을) 보증하다, 보장하다, 단언하다 |
| vouchsafe | 하사하다, (아랫사람에게) 주다 |
| vulgar | (행동이나 사람이) 저속한 |
| vulgarian | 속물, 상놈, 특히 졸부, 벼락부자 |
| vulnerable | 연약한, 상처/공격받기 쉬운 |
| waffle | 장황하게 말을 늘어 놓다; 모호한 태도, 입장을 취하다 |
| wag | (꼬리나 손을) 흔들다; 익살꾼, 재치가 풍부한 사람 |
| waggish | 웃기는, 익살스런 |
| waive | to relinquish (a right); to forgo; to put aside for the time being |
| wake | the track left when something leaves, especially a boat; 배가 지나간 자리, 항적 |
| wander | (정처없이) 헤매다, 배회하다 |
| wanting | lacking, deficient, lacking |
| warranty | a written guarantee |
| watchful | 경계를 서는, 조심하는, 주의 깊은 |
| wax | to gradually increase in size or intensity, climb, mount, rise |
| weather | (역경 등을) 무사히 헤쳐 나가다[견디다] |
| wend | v. to go, proceed, walk |
| Whereas | (conjunction) while on the contrary, considering that |
| whim | (일시적인, 진지하지 않은) 기분, 변덕 |
| whimsy | playful or fanciful idea; playfulness |
| whitewash | A substance used to whiten walls, wood, etc. (noun); deception, covering up of wrongs, errors, misdeeds, etc. (verb) |
| wilderness | 광야, 황무지 |
| willful | deliberate; obstinate; insistent on having ones way |
| willowy | (사람이) 키 크고 날씬한, 우아한 |
| wilt | 시들다 |
| winnow | Sift, analyze critically, separate the useful part from the worthless part |
| wiretap | 전화 도청하다 |
| withdrawn | 사교적이지 않은 |
| withered | 쭈글쭈글한, 쇠약한, 시든 |
| withhold | 보류하다, 주지 않다; (감정, 반응) 억누르다, 억제하다 |
| withstand | 저항하다, 버티다 |
| wooden | stiff; inflexible |
| wraith | a ghost or specter; a ghost of a living person seen just before his or her death |
| wrath | deep anger, fury / WRATHFUL |
| wreck | 파괴하다, 망가뜨리다, 망치다 |
| wrought | 형체를 갖춘, (잘) 만들어진 |
| wry | 비뚤어진, 구부러진; (역설성을 드러내며) 비꼬는, 풍자적인 |
| yielding | 유순한, 순종적인, 고분고분한 |
| zany | absurd, preposterous, mad, crazy; light-hearted |
| zeitgeist | spirit of the times |
| zephyr | a gentle breeze; something airy or unsubstantial |
| zest | 기분좋은 자극, 풍미; 열정, 에너지 |
18 Oct 2017
GRE Vocabulary
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